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    Diesel fuel composition
    1.
    发明授权
    Diesel fuel composition 有权
    柴油燃料组成

    公开(公告)号：US06447557B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

    申请号：US09732374

    申请日：2000-12-07

    申请人： Lisa I-Ching Yeh ,  Richard Henry Schlosberg ,  Richard C. Miller ,  John Richard Bateman ,  Raf F. Caers

    发明人： Lisa I-Ching Yeh ,  Richard Henry Schlosberg ,  Richard C. Miller ,  John Richard Bateman ,  Raf F. Caers

    IPC分类号： C10L118

    CPC分类号： C10L10/02 ,  C10L1/026

    摘要： This invention relates to an ultra-low sulphur fuel composition comprising (A) a major amount of a base fuel having (a) no more than 50 ppm by weight of sulphur, (b) no more than 10% by weight of olefins and (c) no more than 10% by weight of an ester and (B) at least 1% by weight based on the total fuel composition of an oxygenate selected from its group consisting of a saturated, aliphatic monohydric alcohol having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, ketone having on an average 5 to 25 carbons and mixtures of the alcohol(s) and ketone(s) and having no other oxygen atom in its structure. These specific oxygenates further reduce particulate emissions from the exhausts of engines powered by ultra-low sulphur diesel fuels which fuels are already known to generate low particulate emissions. These oxygenates are capable of an impressive performance with respect to particulate emissions over a broad range of vehicles and driving cycles when compared with the performance of oxygenates used hitherto.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种超低硫燃料组合物，其包含（A）主要量的基础燃料，其具有（a）不超过50重量ppm的硫，（b）不超过10重量％的烯烃和（ c）不超过10重量％的酯和（B）至少1重量％，基于选自以下的含氧化合物的总燃料组成：饱和的，具有4至20个碳原子的脂族一元醇， 具有平均5至25个碳的酮和醇和酮的混合物，并且在其结构中不具有其它氧原子。 这些特定的含氧化合物进一步减少了由超低硫柴油燃料驱动的发动机排气的颗粒物排放物，这些燃料已经知道产生低颗粒物排放。 与目前使用的含氧化合物的性能相比，这些含氧化合物在广泛的车辆和驾驶循环方面的颗粒物排放能力可以令人印象深刻。

    Diesel fuel composition
    2.
    发明授权
    Diesel fuel composition 失效

    公开(公告)号：US06458176B2

    公开(公告)日：2002-10-01

    申请号：US09732373

    申请日：2000-12-07

    申请人： Lisa I-Ching Yeh ,  Richard Henry Schlosberg ,  Richard C. Miller ,  Raf F. Caers

    发明人： Lisa I-Ching Yeh ,  Richard Henry Schlosberg ,  Richard C. Miller ,  Raf F. Caers

    IPC分类号： C10L118

    CPC分类号： C10L1/026 ,  C10L10/02

    摘要： This invention is a fuel composition for use in internal combustion engines comprising a major amount of a base fuel which contains no more than 10% by weight of olefins and no more than 10% by weight of esters, and greater than 5% by weight based on the total composition of an oxygenate selected from the group consisting of a saturated, aliphatic monohydric alcohol having on an average from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, one or more ketones having on an average 5 to 25 carbons, and mixtures of the alcohol(s) and ketone(s). The amount of the oxygenate in the fuel composition is sufficient to provide the fuel with at least 0.5% by weight of oxygen. The oxygenate significantly reduces particulate emissions from the exhausts of diesel powered engines.

    Diesel fuel composition
    3.
    发明授权
    Diesel fuel composition 有权

    公开(公告)号：US06447558B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

    申请号：US09732455

    申请日：2000-12-07

    申请人： Lisa I-Ching Yeh ,  Richard Henry Schlosberg ,  Richard C. Miller ,  Raf F. Caers

    发明人： Lisa I-Ching Yeh ,  Richard Henry Schlosberg ,  Richard C. Miller ,  Raf F. Caers

    IPC分类号： C10L118

    CPC分类号： C10L10/02 ,  C10L1/026

    摘要： This invention is a method of reducing particulate matter emission from internal combustion engines which use a diesel fuel composition comprising a major amount of a diesel fuel having a base fuel which contains no more than 10% by weight of olefins and no more than 10% by weight of esters, by admixing said fuel with greater than 5% by weight based on the total composition of a saturated, aliphatic monohydric alcohol having on an average from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, one or more ketones having on an average 5 to 25 carbons and mixture of said alcohol(s) and ketone(s). The amount of the oxygenate in the fuel composition is sufficient to provide the fuel with at least 0.5% by weight of oxygen. The oxygenate significantly reduce particulate emissions from the exhausts of diesel powered engines.

    System for, and method of, irradiating opposite sides or articles with optimal amounts of cumulative irradiation
    6.
    发明授权
    System for, and method of, irradiating opposite sides or articles with optimal amounts of cumulative irradiation 有权
    照射具有最佳量的累积照射的相对侧或物品的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07740799B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-06-22

    申请号：US09964785

    申请日：2001-09-26

    申请人： Gary K. Loda ,  Richard C. Miller

    发明人： Gary K. Loda ,  Richard C. Miller

    IPC分类号： A61L2/00 ,  B01J19/08

    CPC分类号： A61L2/087 ,  A23L3/263 ,  A61L2/081 ,  A61L2/082 ,  A61L2202/14 ,  G21K5/10

    摘要： Opposite sides of an article are irradiated to sterilize the article. The cumulative irradiation should be above a first value, and below a second value greater than the first value, at all of the positions in the article to provide the article with desired radiation benefits. Any amount of cumulative radiation between the first and second values is considered as optimal values. For a first range of article thicknesses, the cumulative radiation in the article is at the optimal values. For article thicknesses in a second range greater than in the first range, the cumulative radiation at positions in the article is greater than the optimal values. For article thicknesses in a third range greater than the second range, the cumulative radiation at the different positions in the article is at the optimal values. For the thicknesses in the second range, a member disposed in the radiation path weakens the radiation passing to the article, thereby reducing the cumulative radiation to an optimal value. For each thickness in the second range, a different amount of cumulative radiation above the optimal value may occur when the member is not disposed in the radiation path. The member may accordingly be provided with different thicknesses, dependent upon the amount of the cumulative radiation in the article for the different positions in the second thickness range, to reduce the cumulative radiation in the article to an optimal value. A system may automatically position the member properly for article thicknesses in the second range.

    摘要翻译： 照射物品的两侧以消毒物品。 在制品中的所有位置上，累积照射应高于第一值，并且低于大于第一值的第二值，以使制品具有期望的辐射益处。 第一和第二值之间的任何累积辐射量被认为是最佳值。 对于制品厚度的第一范围，制品中的累积辐射处于最佳值。 对于大于第一范围的第二范围内的制品厚度，制品中位置处的累积辐射大于最佳值。 对于大于第二范围的第三范围内的物品厚度，制品中不同位置处的累积辐射处于最佳值。 对于第二范围中的厚度，设置在辐射路径中的部件削弱了通过物品的辐射，从而将累积辐射减少到最佳值。 对于第二范围中的每个厚度，当构件未设置在辐射路径中时，可能发生高于最佳值的不同量的累积辐射。 因此，该构件可以根据用于第二厚度范围内的不同位置的制品中的累积辐射量而被提供不同的厚度，以将制品中的累积辐射减少到最佳值。 系统可以自动将构件定位在第二范围内的物品厚度。

    System for, and method of, irradiating opposite sides of articles with optimal amounts of cumulative irradiation
    7.
    发明授权
    System for, and method of, irradiating opposite sides of articles with optimal amounts of cumulative irradiation 有权
    对具有最佳累积辐射量的物品的相对侧照射的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06468471B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-10-22

    申请号：US09710730

    申请日：2000-11-10

    申请人： Gary K. Loda ,  Richard C. Miller

    发明人： Gary K. Loda ,  Richard C. Miller

    IPC分类号： A61L200

    CPC分类号： A61L2/087 ,  A23L3/263 ,  A61L2/081 ,  A61L2/082 ,  A61L2202/14 ,  G21K5/10

    摘要： Opposite sides of an article are irradiated to sterilize the article. The cumulative irradiation should be above a first value, and below a second value greater than the first value, at all of the positions in the article to provide the article with desired radiation benefits. Any amount of cumulative radiation between the first and second values is considered as optimal values. For a first range of article thicknesses, the cumulative radiation in the article is at the optimal values. For article thicknesses in a second range greater than in the first range, the cumulative radiation at positions in the article is greater than the optimal values. For article thicknesses in a third range greater than the second range, the cumulative radiation at the different positions in the article is at the optimal values. For the thicknesses in the second range, a member disposed in the radiation path weakens the radiation passing to the article, thereby reducing the cumulative radiation to an optimal value. For each thickness in the second range, a different amount of cumulative radiation above the optimal value may occur when the member is not disposed in the radiation path. The member may accordingly be provided with different thicknesses, dependent upon the amount of the cumulative radiation in the article for the different positions in the second thickness range, to reduce the cumulative radiation in the article to an optimal value. A system may automatically position the member properly for article thicknesses in the second range.

    摘要翻译： 照射物品的两侧以消毒物品。 在制品中的所有位置上，累积照射应高于第一值，并且低于大于第一值的第二值，以使制品具有期望的辐射益处。 第一和第二值之间的任何累积辐射量被认为是最佳值。 对于制品厚度的第一范围，制品中的累积辐射处于最佳值。 对于大于第一范围的第二范围内的制品厚度，制品中位置处的累积辐射大于最佳值。 对于大于第二范围的第三范围内的物品厚度，制品中不同位置处的累积辐射处于最佳值。 对于第二范围中的厚度，设置在辐射路径中的部件削弱了通过物品的辐射，从而将累积辐射减少到最佳值。 对于第二范围中的每个厚度，当构件未设置在辐射路径中时，可能发生高于最佳值的不同量的累积辐射。 因此，该构件可以根据用于第二厚度范围内的不同位置的制品中的累积辐射量而被提供不同的厚度，以将制品中的累积辐射减少到最佳值。 系统可以自动将构件定位在第二范围内的物品厚度。

    Optical system for interrogation of the status of a switch
    8.
    发明授权
    Optical system for interrogation of the status of a switch 失效
    用于询问交换机状态的光学系统

    公开(公告)号：US4429231A

    公开(公告)日：1984-01-31

    申请号：US324802

    申请日：1981-11-25

    申请人： Bernard C. De Loach, Jr. ,  Richard C. Miller ,  Bertram Schwartz

    发明人： Bernard C. De Loach, Jr. ,  Richard C. Miller ,  Bertram Schwartz

    IPC分类号： H02J13/00 ,  G08C23/06 ,  H01L31/12 ,  H04B10/24 ,  G02B27/00

    CPC分类号： H04B10/2504 ,  G08C23/06 ,  H01L31/12

    摘要： A system (FIG. 1) for interrogating the ON-OFF status of an electrical switch (31) comprises a semiconductor body (4) containing a PN junction and means (5) for electrically connecting an auxiliary switch (32) coupled to the interrogated switch, or alternately (FIG. 2) the interrogated switch (32), across the PN junction. Light (7) of a first wavelength incident on the semiconductor body causes light of a second wavelength (11) to be emitted from the body when the switch is open (OFF), whereas no light is emitted from the body when the switch is closed (ON). Therefore, photoelectric detection of the emission vs. non-emission of light of the second wavelength from the semiconductor body indicates the OFF vs. ON status of the switch.

    摘要翻译： 用于询问电气开关（31）的开 - 关状态的系统（图1）包括含有PN结的半导体本体（4）和用于电连接耦合到被询问的辅助开关（32）的装置（5） 开关，或者交替地（图2）询问的开关（32）。 入射到半导体主体上的第一波长的光（7）在开关断开时使第二波长（11）的光从身体发射，而当开关闭合时，不会从身体发射光 （上）。 因此，从半导体本体发出的第二波长的光的发射与非发光的光电检测指示开关的OFF与ON状态。

    Health and life expectancy management system
    10.
    发明授权
    Health and life expectancy management system 有权
    健康和预期寿命管理系统

    公开(公告)号：US07330818B1

    公开(公告)日：2008-02-12

    申请号：US09709233

    申请日：2000-11-09

    申请人： Lewis T. Ladocsi ,  Richard C. Miller

    发明人： Lewis T. Ladocsi ,  Richard C. Miller

    IPC分类号： G06Q10/00

    CPC分类号： G09B19/00 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G06Q40/08 ,  G06Q50/22 ,  G06Q50/24 ,  G16H10/60 ,  G16H40/20 ,  G16H50/70

    摘要： A life expectancy management system which comprises: a storage means which is capable of storing data, such as genetic data, birth data, lifestyle data, pediatric health data, and adulthood health data; a means for altering the data based upon the occurrence of at least one event selected from the group consisting of: chronic and routine health events, emergency health events, pregnancy data and medical advancements; and a prediction modeling logic which provides a predetermined life expectancy that can be reduced by deviations from expectations which are calculated from the data and altered or adjusted data. Optionally, a means for providing recommended goals based upon the life expectancy predicted and the predetermined life expectancy.

    摘要翻译： 一种预期寿命管理系统，包括：能够存储诸如遗传数据，出生数据，生活方式数据，儿科健康数据和成年健康数据之类的数据的存储装置; 一种用于根据从包括慢性和常规健康事件，紧急健康事件，怀孕数据和医学进步的组中选出的至少一个事件的发生来改变数据的手段; 以及预测建模逻辑，其提供可以通过与从数据和改变或调整的数据计算的期望的偏差来减少的预定寿命。 可选地，根据预期的预期寿命和预定的预期寿命提供推荐目标的手段。