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    SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE COMPATIBLE CARBON THIN FILMS
    2.
    发明申请
    SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE COMPATIBLE CARBON THIN FILMS 有权
    表面等离子体共混碳薄膜

    公开(公告)号：US20090141376A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-06-04

    申请号：US12037332

    申请日：2008-02-26

    申请人： Lloyd M. Smith ,  Matthew R. Lockett ,  Michael R. Shortreed ,  Robert M. Corn ,  Stephen Weibel ,  Robert J. Hamers ,  Bin Sun

    发明人： Lloyd M. Smith ,  Matthew R. Lockett ,  Michael R. Shortreed ,  Robert M. Corn ,  Stephen Weibel ,  Robert J. Hamers ,  Bin Sun

    IPC分类号： G02B5/04 ,  G01N21/55 ,  H01J49/00 ,  B32B38/00 ,  B05D5/06 ,  C23C14/34

    CPC分类号： G01N21/553 ,  G02B5/04

    摘要： SPR-compatible substrates for high density microarray fabrication and analyses are provided. Novel carbon-on-metal thin film substrate architecture permits the integration of surface plasmon resonance detection with photolithographically fabricated biomolecule arrays for the analysis of biomolecular interactions. The utility of the technology is shown in the analysis of specific DNA-DNA, DNA-RNA and DNA-protein binding interactions. These new substrates may be used to determine the secondary structure of RNA molecules, to probe the sequence-specific binding kinetics and affinity of proteins and small molecules, and as substrates for small-molecule combinatorial chemistry platforms for drug discovery applications.

    摘要翻译： 提供了用于高密度微阵列制造和分析的SPR兼容基板。 新的碳 - 金属薄膜基板架构允许将表面等离子体共振检测与光刻制造的生物分子阵列整合以用于生物分子相互作用的分析。 该技术的实用性在特异性DNA-DNA，DNA-RNA和DNA-蛋白结合相互作用的分析中显示。 这些新的底物可用于确定RNA分子的二级结构，以探测序列特异性结合动力学和蛋白质和小分子的亲和力，以及作为用于药物发现应用的小分子组合化学平台的底物。

    Ionizable isotopic labeling reagents for relative quantification by mass spectrometry
    3.
    发明授权
    Ionizable isotopic labeling reagents for relative quantification by mass spectrometry 有权
    用于质谱相对定量的可离子化同位素标记试剂

    公开(公告)号：US07982070B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-07-19

    申请号：US11726307

    申请日：2007-03-21

    申请人： Lloyd M. Smith ,  Michael R. Shortreed ,  Brian L. Frey ,  Margaret F. Phillips ,  Joshua J. Coon ,  Shane M. Lamos ,  Casey J. Krusemark ,  Peter J. Belshaw ,  Madhusudan Patel ,  Neil L. Kelleher

    发明人： Lloyd M. Smith ,  Michael R. Shortreed ,  Brian L. Frey ,  Margaret F. Phillips ,  Joshua J. Coon ,  Shane M. Lamos ,  Casey J. Krusemark ,  Peter J. Belshaw ,  Madhusudan Patel ,  Neil L. Kelleher

    IPC分类号： C07C211/10 ,  C07C211/11 ,  G01N33/58

    CPC分类号： C07B59/001 ,  C07B59/00 ,  C07B59/008 ,  G01N30/7233 ,  G01N2458/15 ,  Y10T436/163333 ,  Y10T436/17

    摘要： Relative quantification of metabolites by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) requiring a mechanism for simultaneous analysis of multiple analytes in two or more samples. Labeling reagents that are reactive to particular compound classes and differ only in their isotopic kit facilitating relative quantification and providing tangible evidence for the existence of specific functional groups. Heavy and light isotopic forms of methylacetimidate were synthesized and used as labeling reagents for quantification of amine-containing molecules, such as biological samples. Heavy and light isotopic forms of formaldehyde and cholamine were also synthesized and used independently as labeling reagents for quantification of amine-containing and carboxylic acid-containing molecules, such as found in biological samples. Advantageously, the labeled end-products are positively charged under normal acidic conditions involving conventional Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) applications. Labeled primary and secondary amine and carboxylic acid end-products also generated higher signals concerning mass-spectra than pre-cursor molecules and improved sensitivity. Improved accuracy concerning relative quantification was achieved by mixing heavy and light labeled Arabidopsis extracts in different ratios. Labeling strategy was further employed to ascertain differences in the amounts of amine-containing metabolites for two strains of Arabidopsis seeds.

    摘要翻译： 通过电喷雾离子化质谱（ESI-MS）对代谢物进行相对定量，其需要同时分析两个或多个样品中多种分析物的机制。 标记对特定化合物类别具有反应性的试剂，仅在其同位素试剂盒中有所不同，便于相对定量，并为特定官能团的存在提供有形证据。 合成了甲基亚酰亚胺酸的重和轻同位素形式，并用作定量含胺分子（如生物样品）的标记试剂。 还合成了重和轻的同位素形式的甲醛和胆胺，并且独立地用作用于定量含胺和含羧酸的分子的标记试剂，例如在生物样品中发现的。 有利地，标记的最终产物在常规的液相色谱质谱（LC / MS）应用的正常酸性条件下带正电荷。 标记的伯胺和仲胺和羧酸终产物也产生了比前体分子更高的质谱信号，提高了灵敏度。 通过以不同比例混合重和轻标记的拟南芥提取物，提高了相对定量的准确性。 进一步使用标记策略来确定两种拟南芥种子的含胺代谢物的量的差异。

    Ionizable isotopic labeling reagents for relative quantification by mass spectrometry
    4.
    发明授权
    Ionizable isotopic labeling reagents for relative quantification by mass spectrometry 有权
    用于质谱相对定量的可离子化同位素标记试剂

    公开(公告)号：US08563777B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-10-22

    申请号：US13155682

    申请日：2011-06-08

    申请人： Lloyd M. Smith ,  Michael R. Shortreed ,  Brian L. Frey ,  Margaret F. Phillips ,  Joshua J. Coon ,  Shane M. Lamos ,  Casey J. Krusemark ,  Peter J. Belshaw ,  Madhusudan Patel ,  Neil L. Kelleher

    发明人： Lloyd M. Smith ,  Michael R. Shortreed ,  Brian L. Frey ,  Margaret F. Phillips ,  Joshua J. Coon ,  Shane M. Lamos ,  Casey J. Krusemark ,  Peter J. Belshaw ,  Madhusudan Patel ,  Neil L. Kelleher

    IPC分类号： C07C211/10 ,  C07C211/11 ,  G01N33/58

    CPC分类号： C07B59/001 ,  C07B59/00 ,  C07B59/008 ,  G01N30/7233 ,  G01N2458/15 ,  Y10T436/163333 ,  Y10T436/17

    摘要： Relative quantification of metabolites by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) requiring a mechanism for simultaneous analysis of multiple analytes in two or more samples. Labeling reagents that are reactive to particular compound classes and differ only in their isotopic compositions facilitate relative quantification. Heavy and light isotopic forms of methylacetimidate were synthesized and used as labeling reagents for quantification of amine-containing molecules. Heavy and light isotopic forms of formaldehyde and cholamine were also synthesized and used independently as labeling reagents for quantification of amine-containing and carboxylic acid-containing molecules, such as found in biological samples. The labeled end-products are positively charged under normal acidic conditions involving conventional Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) applications. Labeled primary and secondary amine and carboxylic acid end-products generated higher signals concerning mass-spectra than pre-cursor molecules and improved sensitivity. Improved accuracy concerning relative quantification was demonstrated by mixing heavy and light labeled Arabidopsis extracts in different ratios.

    摘要翻译： 通过电喷雾离子化质谱（ESI-MS）对代谢物进行相对定量，其需要同时分析两个或多个样品中多种分析物的机制。 对特定化合物类别具有反应性且仅在其同位素组成上不同的标记试剂便于相对定量。 合成了甲基乙酰亚胺酸的重和轻同位素形式，并用作定量含胺分子的标记试剂。 还合成了重和轻的同位素形式的甲醛和胆胺，并且独立地用作用于定量含胺和含羧酸的分子的标记试剂，例如在生物样品中发现的。 标记的最终产物在常规的液相色谱质谱（LC / MS）应用的正常酸性条件下带正电。 标记的伯胺和仲胺和羧酸终产物产生比前体分子更高的质谱信号，提高了灵敏度。 通过以不同的比例混合重和轻标记的拟南芥提取物来证明相对定量的改进的准确性。

    Modified carbon, silicon, & germanium surfaces
    5.
    发明授权
    Modified carbon, silicon, & germanium surfaces 有权
    改性碳，硅和锗表面

    公开(公告)号：US06569979B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-05-27

    申请号：US09659442

    申请日：2000-09-08

    申请人： Todd C. Strother ,  Lloyd M. Smith ,  Robert J. Hamers

    发明人： Todd C. Strother ,  Lloyd M. Smith ,  Robert J. Hamers

    IPC分类号： C08G7700

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B05D1/185 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  H01L51/0093

    摘要： Chemically-modified surfaces on unoxidized carbon, silicon, and germanium substrates are disclosed. Ultraviolet radiation mediates the reaction of protected &ohgr;-modified, &agr;-unsaturated aminoalkenes (preferred) with hydrogen-terminated carbon, silicon, or germanium surfaces. Removal of the protecting group yields an aminoalkane-modified silicon surface. These amino groups can be coupled to terminal-modified oligonucleotides using a bifunctional crosslinker, thereby permitting the preparation of modified surfaces and arrays. Methods for controlling the surface density of molecules attached to the substrate are also disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 公开了未氧化的碳，硅和锗衬底上的化学修饰的表面。 紫外线辐射介导受保护的ω-改性的α-不饱和氨基烯烃（优选）与氢封端的碳，硅或锗表面的反应。 去除保护基产生氨基烷烃改性的硅表面。 这些氨基可以使用双功能交联剂与末端修饰的寡核苷酸偶联，从而允许制备改性的表面和阵列。 还公开了用于控制附着于基底的分子的表面密度的方法。

    Modified carbon and germanium surfaces
    6.
    发明授权
    Modified carbon and germanium surfaces 有权
    改性碳和锗表面

    公开(公告)号：US07582422B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-09-01

    申请号：US10269561

    申请日：2002-10-11

    申请人： Todd C. Strother ,  Lloyd M. Smith ,  Robert J. Hamers

    发明人： Todd C. Strother ,  Lloyd M. Smith ,  Robert J. Hamers

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  C12M1/34 ,  G01N1/28

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B05D1/185 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  H01L51/0093

    摘要： Chemically-modified surfaces on unoxidized carbon, silicon, and germanium substrates are disclosed. Ultraviolet radiation mediates the reaction of protected ω-modified, α-unsaturated aminoalkenes (preferred) with hydrogen-terminated carbon, silicon, or germanium surfaces. Removal of the protecting group yields an aminoalkane-modified silicon surface These amino groups can be coupled to terminal-modified oligonucleotides using a bifunctional crosslinker, thereby permitting the preparation of modified surfaces and arrays. Methods for controlling the surface density of molecules attached to the substrate are also disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 公开了未氧化的碳，硅和锗衬底上的化学修饰的表面。 紫外线辐射介导受保护的ω-改性的α-不饱和氨基烯烃（优选）与氢封端的碳，硅或锗表面的反应。 保护基团的去除产生氨基烷烃改性的硅表面这些氨基可以使用双官能交联剂与末端修饰的寡核苷酸偶联，从而允许制备改性的表面和阵列。 还公开了用于控制附着于基底的分子的表面密度的方法。

    Halogen-modified silicon, surfaces
    7.
    发明授权
    Halogen-modified silicon, surfaces 有权
    卤素改性硅，表面

    公开(公告)号：US06689858B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-02-10

    申请号：US09770885

    申请日：2001-01-26

    申请人： Robert J. Hamers ,  Wei Cai ,  Lloyd M. Smith ,  Todd C. Strother

    发明人： Robert J. Hamers ,  Wei Cai ,  Lloyd M. Smith ,  Todd C. Strother

    IPC分类号： C08G7700

    CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 ,  B05D1/185 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  H01L51/0093

    摘要： Chemically-modified surfaces on unoxidized, bromine- or iodine-terminated carbon, silicon, and germanium substrates are disclosed. Visible light mediates the reaction of protected &ohgr;-modified, &agr;-unsaturated aminoalkenes (preferred) with bromine- or iodine-terminated carbon, silicon, or germanium surfaces. Removal of the protecting group yields an aminoalkane-modified silicon surface. These amino groups can be coupled to terminal-modified oligonucleotides using a bifunctional crosslinker, thereby permitting the preparation of modified surfaces and arrays. Methods for controlling the surface density of molecules attached to the substrate are also disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 公开了未氧化，溴或碘封端的碳，硅和锗衬底上的化学修饰的表面。 可见光介导受保护的ω-改性的α-不饱和氨基烯烃（优选）与溴或碘封端的碳，硅或锗表面的反应。 去除保护基产生氨基烷烃改性的硅表面。 这些氨基可以使用双功能交联剂与末端修饰的寡核苷酸偶联，从而允许制备改性的表面和阵列。 还公开了用于控制附着于基底的分子的表面密度的方法。

    Nanopillar arrays for electron emission
    8.
    发明授权
    Nanopillar arrays for electron emission 有权
    用于电子发射的纳米柱阵列

    公开(公告)号：US07884324B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-02-08

    申请号：US12130103

    申请日：2008-05-30

    申请人： Robert H. Blick ,  Michael S. Westphall ,  Hua Qin ,  Lloyd M. Smith

    发明人： Robert H. Blick ,  Michael S. Westphall ,  Hua Qin ,  Lloyd M. Smith

    IPC分类号： G01N23/00 ,  G01N13/10 ,  H01J49/08

    CPC分类号： H01J1/32 ,  H01J29/023 ,  H01J43/246 ,  Y10S977/762

    摘要： The present invention provides systems, devices, device components and structures for modulating the intensity and/or energies of electrons, including a beam of incident electrons. In some embodiments, for example, the present invention provides nano-structured semiconductor membrane structures capable of generating secondary electron emission. Nano-structured semiconductor membranes of this aspect of the present invention include membranes having an array of nanopillar structures capable of providing electron emission for amplification, filtering and/or detection of incident radiation, for example secondary electron emission and/or field emission. Nano-structured semiconductor membranes of the present invention are useful as converters wherein interaction of incident primary electrons and nanopillars of the nanopillar array generates secondary emission. Nano-structured semiconductor membranes of this aspect of the present invention are also useful as directed charge amplifiers wherein secondary emission from a nanopillar array provides gain functionality for increasing the intensity of radiation comprising incident electrons.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了用于调制包括入射电子束的电子的强度和/或能量的系统，装置，器件组件和结构。 在一些实施例中，例如，本发明提供能够产生二次电子发射的纳米结构的半导体膜结构。 本发明该方面的纳米结构半导体膜包括具有能够提供用于放射，滤波和/或检测入射辐射的电子发射的纳米柱结构阵列的膜，例如二次电子发射和/或场发射。 本发明的纳米结构半导体膜可用作其中纳米柱阵列的入射一次电子和纳米柱的相互作用产生二次发射的转换器。 本发明该方面的纳米结构半导体膜也可用作定向电荷放大器，其中来自纳米柱阵列的二次发射提供了用于增加包括入射电子的辐射强度的增益功能。

    Horizontal gel electrophoresis apparatus
    10.
    发明授权
    Horizontal gel electrophoresis apparatus 失效
    水平凝胶电泳仪

    公开(公告)号：US5228971A

    公开(公告)日：1993-07-20

    申请号：US878632

    申请日：1992-05-04

    申请人： Robert L. Brumley, Jr. ,  Lloyd M. Smith

    发明人： Robert L. Brumley, Jr. ,  Lloyd M. Smith

    IPC分类号： G01N27/447

    CPC分类号： G01N27/44704 ,  G01N27/44756

    摘要： A horizontal electrophoresis assembly is described which is designed to utilize very thin gels of polyacrylamide. The assembly allows for water cooling of the gel during electrophoresis so that higher voltages can be applied to the gel without polymer degradation. The gel mold is made from a set of glass plates which are clamped into place defining a gel mold between them. In one embodiment, the site of field introduction is separated from the site of sample introduction so that the electric field is generally linear at the region of sample introduction.

    摘要翻译： 描述了一种设计用于使用非常薄的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶的水平电泳组件。 该组件允许在电泳期间水冷却凝胶，使得更高的电压可以施加到凝胶上而没有聚合物降解。 凝胶模具由一组玻璃板制成，这些玻璃板被夹紧就位，在它们之间限定凝胶模具。 在一个实施例中，场引入位置与样品引入位置分离，使得电场在样品引入区域通常是线性的。