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    Process for the production of diglycerol
    1.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of diglycerol 失效
    二甘油生产工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5710350A

    公开(公告)日：1998-01-20

    申请号：US522387

    申请日：1995-09-25

    申请人： Lutz Jeromin ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Reinhard Bunte ,  Volkmar Jordan

    发明人： Lutz Jeromin ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Reinhard Bunte ,  Volkmar Jordan

    IPC分类号： B01J23/02 ,  C07C41/09 ,  C07C41/42 ,  C07C43/13 ,  C07C31/18

    CPC分类号： C07C41/42 ,  C07C41/09

    摘要： A process for preparing diglycerol in high concentrations and high yields by partially reacting glycerol in the presence of an alkaline catalyst to form a reaction mixture containing from 10 to 15% by weight of diglycerol and separating the unreacted glycerol from the reaction mixture in a wiped film or short path first distillation zone at a reduced pressure of 0.5 to 5 mbar and distilling a bottoms product from the first distillation zone in a second distillation zone which is a short path distillation zone at a pressure of 0.05 to 0.3 mbar to obtain a second bottom product containing at least 90% by weight diglycerol. Diglycerol of higher purity can be obtained by recovering diglycerol as a distillate from a third distillation zone.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP94 / 00834 Sec。 371 1995年9月25日第 102（e）日期1995年9月25日PCT 1994年3月16日PCT公布。 出版物WO94 / 21582 日期1994年9月29日一种通过在碱性催化剂存在下使甘油部分反应制备高浓度和高收率的双甘油的方法，以形成含有10至15重量％的双甘油并将未反应的甘油与反应物分离的反应混合物 混合物在0.5至5毫巴的减压下的擦拭膜或短路第一蒸馏区中，并在第二蒸馏区中在第二蒸馏区中蒸馏塔底产物，所述第二蒸馏区是0.05至0.3毫巴的压力下的短路蒸馏区 以获得含有至少90重量％的二甘油的第二底部产物。 通过从第三蒸馏区回收作为馏出物的二甘油，可以获得更高纯度的二甘油。

    Recovery of tocopherol and sterol from tocopherol and sterol containing mixtures of fats and fat derivatives
    2.
    发明授权
    Recovery of tocopherol and sterol from tocopherol and sterol containing mixtures of fats and fat derivatives 失效
    从生育酚和含有脂肪和脂肪衍生物混合物的固醇中回收生育酚和固醇

    公开(公告)号：US5627289A

    公开(公告)日：1997-05-06

    申请号：US387933

    申请日：1995-02-27

    申请人： Lutz Jeromin ,  Wilhelm Johannisbauer ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Volkmar Jordan ,  Herbert Wogatzki

    发明人： Lutz Jeromin ,  Wilhelm Johannisbauer ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Volkmar Jordan ,  Herbert Wogatzki

    IPC分类号： A23L3/3544 ,  C07D311/72 ,  C07J9/00 ,  C07J75/00 ,  C11B3/02 ,  C11B7/00 ,  C11C3/10

    CPC分类号： A23L3/3544 ,  C07D311/72

    摘要： A process is provided for simultaneously recovering tocopherol and sterol from a mixture containing tocopherol, fats and/or fat derivatives, more particularly fatty acids, and sterol and/or sterol derivatives, more particularly from a steamer distillate of natural oils and fats. The steps of said process comprise:free fatty acids present in the mixture are esterified with a lower alcohol, preferably methanol, 0.4 to 1.6 and more particularly 1 to 1.5 parts by volume of mixture being esterified with 1 part by volume of the lower alcohol,the mixture is subsequently transesterified with the lower alcohol in the presence of a basic catalyst,the excess lower alcohol is distilled off from the reaction mixture after the transesterification,the transesterification catalyst and the glycerol optionally present are removed, more particularly by washing,the fatty acid alkyl ester is distilled off from the mixture, more particularly after removal of the transesterification catalyst, andif desired, tocopherol and sterol are separated by methods known per se. After the transesterification reaction, the alkali catalyst is preferably neutralized with an inorganic acid and the mixture is then washed with water.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 02207 Sec。 371日期：1995年2月27日 102（e）1995年2月27日PCT PCT 1993年8月18日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 00650 PCT 日期1994年5月17日提供了一种从含有生育酚，脂肪和/或脂肪衍生物，特别是脂肪酸和甾醇和/或固醇衍生物的混合物中同时回收生育酚和固醇的方法，更特别是来自天然油的蒸馏馏分和 脂肪 所述方法的步骤包括：混合物中存在的游离脂肪酸用低级醇优选甲醇酯化，优选甲醇为0.4至1.6，更特别为1至1.5体积份的混合物与1体积份低级醇酯化， 该混合物随后在碱性催化剂的存在下与低级醇进行酯交换，在酯交换反应后，从反应混合物中蒸出过量的低级醇，任选存在的酯交换催化剂和甘油被去除，更特别是通过洗涤除去脂肪 从混合物中蒸馏掉酸性烷基酯，更特别是在除去酯交换催化剂后，如果需要，通过本身已知的方法分离生育酚和固醇。 酯交换反应后，碱催化剂优选用无机酸中和，然后将混合物用水洗涤。

    Discontinuous process for conducting a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction and installation for heterogeneously catalyzed manufacture of products
    3.
    发明授权
    Discontinuous process for conducting a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction and installation for heterogeneously catalyzed manufacture of products 失效
    用于进行非均相催化反应和非均匀催化产物制造的不连续方法

    公开(公告)号：US06245727B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-06-12

    申请号：US08259362

    申请日：1994-06-14

    申请人： Bernhard Gutsche ,  Lutz Jeromin ,  Eberhard Peukert ,  Levent Yueksel ,  Kurt Adrian ,  Heinz Bollweg

    发明人： Bernhard Gutsche ,  Lutz Jeromin ,  Eberhard Peukert ,  Levent Yueksel ,  Kurt Adrian ,  Heinz Bollweg

    IPC分类号： C07C4330

    CPC分类号： B01J19/1881 ,  B01D3/009 ,  B01J8/025 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  B01J2208/00256 ,  B01J2208/00283 ,  B01J2208/00557 ,  B01J2208/00663 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  C07C67/08 ,  Y02P20/127 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  C07C69/26

    摘要： The invention relates firstly to a discontinuous process for conducting a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction taking place at elevated temperature, in which heat-sensitive products are formed, a heat transfer unit (4) different from the reactor (1) being used for heating and a fixed-bed catalyst (3) being used as the catalyst and the reaction mixture being continuously circulated in succession through the catalyst (3) and then through the heat transfer unit (4). The problem to be solved in this process is to avoid losses of catalyst and product and to shorten the batch time and, optionally, the reaction time in accordance with German patent applications P 38 13 612.0 and P 38 26 320.3. The invention also relates to a plant for the discontinuous heterogeneously catalyzed production of heat-sensitive products at elevated temperature comprising a reactor (1), characterized by a heat transfer unit (4) arranged outside and connected to the reactor (1), a catalyst container (3) containing a fixed-bed catalyst preceding the heat transfer unit and a pump (2) for continuously circulating the reaction mixture in succession through the catalyst (3) and then through the heat transfer unit (4).

    摘要翻译： 本发明首先涉及一种用于进行非均相催化反应的不连续过程，该反应发生在形成热敏产物的高温下，不同于用于加热的反应器（1）的传热单元（4）和固定 用作催化剂的催化剂（3），反应混合物连续循环通过催化剂（3），然后通过传热单元（4）循环。 在该过程中要解决的问题是避免催化剂和产物的损失，并缩短批料时间，以及根据德国专利申请P 38 13 612.0和P 38 26 3203的任选的反应时间。本发明还涉及 用于在升高的温度下不连续地非均相催化生产热敏产物的设备，包括反应器（1），其特征在于布置在反应器（1）外部并连接到反应器（1）的传热单元（4），催化剂容器（3） 在传热单元之前的固定床催化剂和用于使反应混合物连续循环通过催化剂（3）然后通过传热单元（4）的泵（2）。

    Continuous process for the production of lower alkyl esters
    5.
    发明授权
    Continuous process for the production of lower alkyl esters 失效
    用于生产低级烷基酯的连续方法

    公开(公告)号：US5514820A

    公开(公告)日：1996-05-07

    申请号：US191746

    申请日：1994-02-03

    申请人： Georg Assmann ,  Gerhard Blasey ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Lutz Jeromin ,  Jean Rigal ,  Rene Armengaud ,  Bernard Cormary

    发明人： Georg Assmann ,  Gerhard Blasey ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Lutz Jeromin ,  Jean Rigal ,  Rene Armengaud ,  Bernard Cormary

    IPC分类号： B01J19/24 ,  C07C67/03 ,  C11C3/04

    CPC分类号： B01J19/242 ,  C07C67/03 ,  B01J2219/00103 ,  B01J2219/00166 ,  B01J2219/00168 ,  B01J2219/00171

    摘要： The invention relates to a continuous process for the production of lower alkyl esters at temperatures of up to 100.degree. C. and under pressures of up to 10 bar by reaction of fatty acid triglycerides containing less than 1% free fatty acid with a lower alcohol in two stages in the presence of a homogeneous alkaline catalyst, the glycerol formed being removed after the first stage. To enable the process to be carried out with high yields and with lower maintenance, investment and energy costs than in the prior art, the reaction mixture is passed through a reactor and a following static separator only once in each stage, tube reactors are used as the reactors and the Reynolds number of the flow of the reaction mixture is greater than 2,300.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于在高达100℃的温度和高达10巴的压力下生产低级烷基酯的连续方法，其通过使含有少于1％游离脂肪酸的脂肪酸甘油三酯与低级醇的反应 在均相碱性催化剂存在的两个阶段，形成的甘油在第一阶段后被除去。 为了使该方法能够以比现有技术高的产率和较低的维护，投资和能量成本进行，反应混合物在每个阶段仅通过反应器和静态分离器仅一次，管式反应器用作 反应器和反应混合物流的雷诺数大于2,300。

    Process for the epoxidation of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds with peracetic acid
    7.
    发明授权
    Process for the epoxidation of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds with peracetic acid 失效
    用过乙酸环氧化烯属不饱和烃化合物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4647678A

    公开(公告)日：1987-03-03

    申请号：US813444

    申请日：1985-12-26

    申请人： Klemens Eckwert ,  Lutz Jeromin ,  Alfred Meffert ,  Eberhard Peukert ,  Bernhard Gutsche

    发明人： Klemens Eckwert ,  Lutz Jeromin ,  Alfred Meffert ,  Eberhard Peukert ,  Bernhard Gutsche

    IPC分类号： C07D301/16 ,  C07D301/14 ,  C07D303/04 ,  C07D303/14 ,  C07D303/42

    CPC分类号： C07D303/42 ,  C07D301/14 ,  C07D303/04 ,  C07D303/14 ,  B01J2219/0004

    摘要： The epoxidation of terminally and/or internally olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds which are liquid at 50.degree. to 100.degree. C. and at atmospheric pressure (oil phase), in which the oil phase is treated with an acid phase containing acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid in aqueous solution, after which the aqueous acid phase is separated from the oil phase, the peracetic acid in the aqueous acid phase is regenerated and the regenerated aqueous acid phase is returned to the epoxidation reactor. Epoxidation is carried out using an aqueous acid phase containing at most about 10% by weight of peracetic acid, and the peracetic acid content in the aqueous acid phase is reduced by at most about 50%, based on the peracetic acid content of the aqueous acid phase used, after a single passage through the epoxidation stage. After separation from the oil phase, the aqueous acid phase preferably is cooled before regeneration.

    摘要翻译： 末端和/或内部烯属不饱和烃化合物的环氧化，其在50℃至100℃和大气压（油相）下为液体，其中油相用含有乙酸，过氧化氢和 过乙酸在水溶液中，然后从油相中分离含水酸相，酸性水相中的过乙酸再生，再生的含水酸相返回到环氧化反应器。 使用含有至多约10重量％过乙酸的含水酸相进行环氧化，基于酸水溶液的过乙酸含量，酸性水相中的过乙酸含量减少至多约50％ 在单次通过环氧化阶段后使用。 从油相分离后，酸性水相优选在再生前冷却。

    Bubble reaction using vapor permeation
    8.
    发明授权
    Bubble reaction using vapor permeation 失效
    气泡反应使用蒸汽渗透

    公开(公告)号：US5427687A

    公开(公告)日：1995-06-27

    申请号：US960459

    申请日：1992-12-15

    申请人： Stephan Blum ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Lutz Jeromin ,  Levent Yueksel

    发明人： Stephan Blum ,  Bernhard Gutsche ,  Lutz Jeromin ,  Levent Yueksel

    IPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D53/26 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C07C67/08 ,  C07C67/48 ,  C07C69/14 ,  C07C69/24 ,  B01D61/36

    CPC分类号： B01D53/268 ,  B01D53/22 ,  B01J19/245 ,  B01J19/2465 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  C07C67/08 ,  B01J2219/00108 ,  B01J2219/00126

    摘要： Process for carrying out an equilibrium reaction in which one or more products are separated off by vapor permeation comprising the steps of:A) forming a reaction mixture comprising the reactants to be reacted in at least one reaction zone at a reaction temperature and reaction pressure selected so as to provide a reaction temperature above the boiling temperature of at least the product or products to be removed, wherein at least the product or products to be removed enters the resulting vapor phase in vapor form;B) passing the vapor phase containing the product or products to be removed to a zone remote from the reaction zone, which remote zone contains a semi-permeable membrane permeable to the product or products to be removed;C) carrying out vapor permeation in said remote zone to remove at least a portion of the product or products to be removed from said vapor phase; andD) returning the resulting vapor retentate from step C) to a reaction zone in step A). The process is especially useful in carrying out esterification reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP91 / 01050 Sec。 371日期：1992年12月15日 102（e）1992年12月15日PCT PCT 1991年6月6日PCT公布。 公开号WO91 / 19559 1991年12月26日。用于进行平衡反应的方法，其中一种或多种产物通过蒸汽渗透分离，包括以下步骤：A）形成包含在至少一个反应区中反应的反应物的反应混合物 选择反应温度和反应压力以提供高于至少要除去的产物或沸点的沸点温度的反应温度，其中至少要被除去的产物或产物进入蒸气形式的所得气相; B）将含有待除去的产品或产品的气相通过到远离反应区的区域，该远程区域包含可渗透待除去的产品的半透膜; C）在所述远程区域中进行蒸气渗透以去除要从所述气相中除去的产物或产物的至少一部分; 和D）在步骤A）中将得到的蒸气滞留物从步骤C）返回到反应区。 该方法在羧酸和醇之间的酯化反应中特别有用。