公开(公告)号：US5866423A

公开(公告)日：1999-02-02

申请号：US783577

申请日：1997-01-15

申请人： Yasushi Sugawara ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Nobuo Eda

发明人： Yasushi Sugawara ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Nobuo Eda

IPC分类号： G01N15/08 ,  B01J23/38 ,  B01J23/42 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M4/926 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M2300/0082

摘要： A measuring method for determining the specific surface area available for reaction of a noble metal catalyst of an electrode for use in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. The method includes measuring the total specific surface area of the noble metal catalyst and the specific surface area of the noble metal catalyst mixed with a polymer electrolyte by detecting the adsorption amounts of carbon monoxide upon exposure to carbon monoxide after reduction in hydrogen, and subtracting the latter from the former. Also provided is an electrode material for use in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell having excellent polarization characteristics by controlling the utilization of a noble metal catalyst determined from the total specific surface area and specific surface area available for reaction of the noble metal catalyst. The electrode material includes a noble metal catalyst powder and a polymer electrolyte, wherein the utilization ratio of the noble metal catalyst is at least 40% of the saturation value of the utilization of the noble metal catalyst powder.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定用于聚合物电解质膜燃料电池的电极的贵金属催化剂可用于反应的比表面积的测量方法。 该方法包括通过检测在氢还原后暴露于一氧化碳时一氧化碳的吸附量，测量贵金属催化剂的总比表面积和与聚合物电解质混合的贵金属催化剂的比表面积，并减去 后者来自前者。 还提供了一种用于聚合物电解质膜燃料电池的电极材料，其通过控制由可用于贵金属催化剂的反应的总比表面积和比表面积确定的贵金属催化剂的利用而具有优异的极化特性。 电极材料包括贵金属催化剂粉末和聚合物电解质，其中贵金属催化剂的利用率为贵金属催化剂粉末的利用饱和值的至少40％。

公开(公告)号：US06215272B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-10

申请号：US09457401

申请日：1999-12-09

申请人： Hideo Ohara ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Yasushi Sugawara ,  Nobuo Eda ,  Keiichi Iiyama

发明人： Hideo Ohara ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Yasushi Sugawara ,  Nobuo Eda ,  Keiichi Iiyama

IPC分类号： H02J700

CPC分类号： H01M8/04626 ,  H01M8/04298 ,  H01M8/04947 ,  H01M10/44 ,  H01M16/006 ,  H02J7/34

摘要： A fuel cell device, wherein, after an output voltage from a main body of a fuel cell is converted using a converter, the relation between the resultant predetermined output voltage V 1 and an output voltage V 2 from a secondary battery is so set as to satisfy V 1>V 2. When, at the time of a sudden change of an external load, the output voltage V from the main body of the fuel cell becomes lower than a predetermined voltage V 3, an output to a charge controlling unit is stopped. When the output voltage V from the main body of the fuel cell is lowered even further and becomes lower than a predetermined voltage V 4, an output to an auxiliary device, which is necessary for driving the fuel cell device, is switched from the output from the converter to the output from the secondary battery.

摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池装置，其中，在使用转换器对来自燃料电池的主体的输出电压进行了转换之后，从二次电池得到的预定的输出电压V 1与输出电压V 2的关系设定为 满足V 1> V 2.当外部负载突然变化时，来自燃料电池主体的输出电压V变得低于预定电压V 3时，向充电控制单元输出的输出为 停了 当来自燃料电池主体的输出电压V进一步降低并且变得低于预定电压V 4时，从驱动燃料电池装置所需的辅助装置的输出切换为 转换器到二次电池的输出。

公开(公告)号：US06316139B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-13

申请号：US09238740

申请日：1999-01-28

申请人： Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Yasushi Sugawara ,  Hideo Ohara ,  Nobuo Eda

发明人： Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Yasushi Sugawara ,  Hideo Ohara ,  Nobuo Eda

IPC分类号： H01M802

CPC分类号： H01M8/0271 ,  H01M2300/0082

摘要： A polymer electrolyte fuel cell having a large economical advantage uses a gasket which includes an elastomer layer that is inexpensive, highly resistant to chemicals, particularly to acids, and exhibits a high sealability. The elastomer layer is provided with an adhesive layer, and the gasket is both easy to position and easy to assemble. The fuel cell includes unit cells each including a positive electrode, an electrolyte plate, and a negative electrode, and gaskets each arranged at the circumferential part of the unit cell alternately stacked via a separator placed therebetween. The gasket includes an elastomer layer and an adhesive layer, with the elastomer layer being adhered to at least one side of the separator via the adhesive layer.

摘要翻译： 具有大经济优势的聚合物电解质燃料电池使用包括低成本，高耐化学品，特别是酸的弹性体层，并且具有高密封性的垫片。 弹性体层设置有粘合剂层，并且垫圈易于定位并且易于组装。 燃料电池包括各自包括正电极，电解质板和负电极的单元电池，以及分别布置在单元电池的圆周部分上的垫片，其间经由隔板交替堆叠。 垫片包括弹性体层和粘合剂层，弹性体层经由粘合剂层粘合到隔板的至少一侧。

公开(公告)号：US06242260B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-05

申请号：US09181741

申请日：1998-10-28

申请人： Yasushi Sugawara ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Nobuo Eda

发明人： Yasushi Sugawara ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Nobuo Eda

IPC分类号： G01N1508

CPC分类号： H01M4/926 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M2300/0082

摘要： A measuring method for determining the specific surface area available for reaction of a noble metal catalyst of an electrode for use in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. The method includes measuring the total specific surface area of the noble metal catalyst and the specific surface area of the noble metal catalyst mixed with a polymer electrolyte by detecting the adsorption amounts of carbon monoxide upon exposure to carbon monoxide after reduction in hydrogen, and subtracting the latter from the former. Also provided is an electrode material for use in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell having excellent polarization characteristics by controlling the utilization of a noble metal catalyst determined from the total specific surface area and specific surface area available for reaction of the noble metal catalyst. The electrode material includes a noble metal catalyst powder and a polymer electrolyte, wherein the utilization ratio of the noble metal catalyst is at least 40% of the saturation value of the utilization of the noble metal catalyst powder.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定用于聚合物电解质膜燃料电池的电极的贵金属催化剂可用于反应的比表面积的测量方法。 该方法包括通过检测在氢还原后暴露于一氧化碳时一氧化碳的吸附量，测量贵金属催化剂的总比表面积和与聚合物电解质混合的贵金属催化剂的比表面积，并减去 后者来自前者。 还提供了一种用于聚合物电解质膜燃料电池的电极材料，其通过控制由可用于贵金属催化剂的反应的总比表面积和比表面积确定的贵金属催化剂的利用而具有优异的极化特性。 电极材料包括贵金属催化剂粉末和聚合物电解质，其中贵金属催化剂的利用率为贵金属催化剂粉末的利用饱和值的至少40％。

公开(公告)号：US06194094B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-27

申请号：US09185605

申请日：1998-11-04

申请人： Yasushi Sugawara ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Hideo Ohara ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Nobuo Eda

发明人： Yasushi Sugawara ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Hideo Ohara ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Nobuo Eda

IPC分类号： H01M800

CPC分类号： H01M4/8807 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M2300/0082

摘要： A gas diffusion layer including an electroconductive porous material and 16-55% by weight of fluororesin added to the electroconductive porous material is used for at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a membrane/electrodes assembly of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. As a result, the water-retaining property of the inside of the membrane/electrodes assembly is improved without hindering gas diffusion, thus enabling polymer electrolyte to be moistened with water formed at the positive electrode, and thereby providing a polymer electrolyte fuel cell which operates by using unhumidified gas.

摘要翻译： 聚合物电解质燃料电池的膜/电极组件的正极和负极中的至少一个使用包含导电性多孔质体的气体扩散层和16〜55重量％的添加到导电性多孔质材料中的氟树脂 。 结果，膜/电极组件内部的保水性得到改善，而不妨碍气体扩散，从而使得聚合物电解质能够在正极处形成的水被润湿，从而提供操作的聚合物电解质燃料电池 通过使用不加湿的气体。

公开(公告)号：US6060187A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-09

申请号：US56686

申请日：1998-04-08

申请人： Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Yasushi Sugawara ,  Nobuo Eda

发明人： Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Yasushi Sugawara ,  Nobuo Eda

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/10 ,  B05D5/12 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M6/00

CPC分类号： H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y10T29/49115

摘要： An electrode of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells is produced by a step of preparing a mixed liquid containing an organic solvent, a noble metal catalyst-supporting carbon powder and a colloid of a solid polymer electrolyte having a particle size of from 1 nm to less than 400 nm, the colloid being adsorbed to the carbon powder and a step of forming an electrode by coating the mixed liquid on one side of a gas-diffusible layer. The solid polymer electrolyte is effectively adsorbed to the surface of the catalyst and thus a wide reaction area can be secured. Furthermore, thickness of the solid polymer electrolyte layer can be controlled to one in which hydrogen and oxygen can be easily diffused.

摘要翻译： 固体高分子电解质燃料电池的电极是通过制备含有有机溶剂，负载有贵金属催化剂的碳粉末和固体高分子电解质的胶体的混合液，其粒径为1nm以上，小于 400nm，胶体被吸附到碳粉末上，并且通过在气体扩散层的一侧上涂覆混合液体来形成电极的步骤。 固体高分子电解质被有效地吸附到催化剂的表面，因此能够确保较宽的反应面积。 此外，固体聚合物电解质层的厚度可以控制在其中氢和氧可以容易地扩散的厚度。

公开(公告)号：US6057051A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-02

申请号：US795352

申请日：1997-02-04

申请人： Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Yasushi Sugawara ,  Nobuo Eda

发明人： Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Fukuoka ,  Yasushi Sugawara ,  Nobuo Eda

IPC分类号： G06F1/16 ,  G06F1/20 ,  G06F1/26 ,  H01M2/10 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M16/00 ,  H01M8/18

CPC分类号： G06F1/1616 ,  G06F1/1635 ,  G06F1/20 ,  G06F1/26 ,  H01M16/006 ,  H01M2/1022 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M16/003 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/04014 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04156

摘要： A miniaturized fuel cell assembly to power portable electronic equipment includes a hydride hydrogen storage unit, a control unit for controlling the flow of hydrogen, a hydrogen supply device interconnecting the hydrogen storage unit and the fuel cell body, and an air feed device to supply oxygen necessary for the generation of electricity. The fuel cell assembly may also have an air feed device to cool the interior of the equipment, including a water retention device for recovering and retaining water formed in the fuel cell body, and a humidifying device using the recovered water to humidify the hydrogen to be supplied to the fuel cell body. The miniaturized fuel cell assembly facilitates the effective transfer of waste heat from the fuel cell to the hydrogen storage unit, and as a result of its ability to be used repeatedly, can be utilized for a greater length of time than a conventional primary or secondary power cell.

摘要翻译： 用于为便携式电子设备供电的小型化燃料电池组件包括氢化物氢存储单元，用于控制氢气流的控制单元，将氢储存单元和燃料电池体互连的氢气供应装置，以及供给氧气的供气装置 发电需要。 燃料电池组件还可以具有用于冷却设备内部的空气供给装置，包括用于回收和保持形成在燃料电池体中的水的保水装置，以及使用回收的水将氢气加湿的加湿装置 供给燃料电池体。 小型化燃料电池组件有助于废热从燃料电池到氢存储单元的有效传输，并且由于其重复使用的能力，可以比常规的一次或二次电力更长的时间使用 细胞。

公开(公告)号：US5723173A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-03

申请号：US590118

申请日：1996-01-23

申请人： Yuko Fukuoka ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Nobuo Eda

发明人： Yuko Fukuoka ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Nobuo Eda

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/10 ,  B05D5/12

CPC分类号： H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y10T29/49115

摘要： The invention provides a method for manufacturing a solid polymer electrolyte electrolyte fuel cell which exhibits higher performances by sufficiently and uniformly contacting the solid polymer electrolyte with a catalyst to increase the reaction area inside the electrode. The method comprises the steps of dispersing a carbon powder supporting a noble metal catalyst in an organic solvent to obtain a dispersion, mixing the resulting dispersion with an alcoholic solution of a solid polymer electrolyte to produce a colloid of the solid polymer electrolyte and simultaneously to obtain a mixed solution in which said colloid is adsorbed to the carbon powder, applying the mixed solution on one side of a gas-diffusion layer to produce an electrode, and pressing the resulting electrode on at least one side of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane to integrate them. Furthermore, a fluorocarbon polymer can be added, to thereby form a gas channel without excessive covering of the catalyst and increase gas permeability of the electrode. Thus, a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell which exhibits high performances in a high current density area can be further provided.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种固体高分子电解质型燃料电池的制造方法，其特征在于，通过使固体高分子电解质与催化剂充分均匀地接触，能够提高电极内部的反应面积，显示出更高的性能。 该方法包括将负载贵金属催化剂的碳粉分散在有机溶剂中以获得分散体的步骤，将所得分散体与固体高分子电解质的醇溶液混合，制成固体聚合物电解质的胶体，同时获得 将所述胶体吸附到碳粉末上的混合溶液，将混合溶液施加在气体扩散层的一侧以产生电极，并将所得电极压在固体聚合物电解质膜的至少一侧上以使其整合 他们。 此外，可以加入氟碳聚合物，从而形成气体通道，而不会过度地覆盖催化剂并增加电极的气体渗透性。 因此，可以进一步提供在高电流密度区域表现出高性能的固体聚合物电解质燃料电池。

公开(公告)号：US5474857A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-12

申请号：US265730

申请日：1994-06-27

申请人： Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Aoyama ,  Nobuo Eda ,  Masahiko Ogawa

发明人： Makoto Uchida ,  Yuko Aoyama ,  Nobuo Eda ,  Masahiko Ogawa

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y10T29/49115

摘要： The invention provides a solid polymer electrolyte having high performances in which the reaction area of electrode is increased by uniformly dispersing and bonding a solid polymer electrolyte and a catalyst and the ability of gas feeding to the reaction site is improved by adding a fluoropolymer so that the catalyst is not excessively coated. A method for making the fuel cell is also provided. The electrode provided on at least one side of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane is formed by coating on one side of a gas-diffusible layer a mixed dispersion of a noble metal catalyst, a carbon fine powder and a colloidal dispersion of a solid polymer electrolyte, the colloidal dispersion being prepared using an organic solvent having a polar group other than hydroxyl group in the molecule and having a carbon chain of 1-8 carbon atoms which bonds to the polar group or having a dielectric constant of 3-10.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种具有高性能的固体聚合物电解质，其中通过均匀分散和粘合固体聚合物电解质和催化剂来增加电极的反应面积，并且通过加入含氟聚合物来提高进料到反应部位的能力，使得 催化剂没有过度涂层。 还提供了制造燃料电池的方法。 设置在固体聚合物电解质膜的至少一侧的电极通过在气体扩散层的一侧上涂覆贵金属催化剂，碳细粉末和固体聚合物电解质的胶体分散体的混合分散体而形成， 该胶体分散体使用在分子中具有除羟基以外的极性基团并具有与极性基团键合或介电常数为3-10的碳原子数为1-8个碳原子的有机溶剂制备。

公开(公告)号：US06991870B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-31

申请号：US10296338

申请日：2002-03-05

申请人： Eiichi Yasumoto ,  Akihiko Yoshida ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Junji Morita ,  Yasushi Sugawara ,  Hisaaki Gyoten ,  Masao Yamamoto ,  Osamu Sakai ,  Junji Niikura

发明人： Eiichi Yasumoto ,  Akihiko Yoshida ,  Makoto Uchida ,  Junji Morita ,  Yasushi Sugawara ,  Hisaaki Gyoten ,  Masao Yamamoto ,  Osamu Sakai ,  Junji Niikura

IPC分类号： H01M4/94 ,  H01M4/88

CPC分类号： H01M4/8828 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8807 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M2300/0082

摘要： It has been difficult to keep the voltage of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stable for a long period of time because uniform water content control over the plane of the membrane-electrode assembly is impossible. A gas diffusion electrode is produced by forming a conductive polymer layer composed of conductive particles and a polymer material on a porous material composed of carbon fiber, and forming a catalyst layer composed of platinum-carried carbon particles on the plane of the conductive polymer layer. The conductive polymer layer is composed of conductive particles different in particle size, and the content of the conductive particles having the smaller particle size is decreased from one end towards the other end of the gas diffusion electrode.