公开(公告)号：US06495652B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-17

申请号：US09673046

申请日：2000-10-09

申请人： Michael Reichelt ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Peter Falke ,  Peter von Malotki ,  Holger Seifert

发明人： Michael Reichelt ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Peter Falke ,  Peter von Malotki ,  Holger Seifert

IPC分类号： C08G1876

CPC分类号： C09K3/1021 ,  C08G18/10 ,  C08G18/5006 ,  C08G18/7664 ,  C08G2101/0008 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/0083 ,  C08G18/6674

摘要： Prepolymers which contain isocyanate groups, have an NCO content of at least 30.0% by weight and can be prepared by reacting an isocyanate mixture consisting predominantly of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenylpolymethylene polyisocyanates and having a proportion of two-ring isomers of not more than 74% by weight with at least 4-functional polyols or a mixture of polyols having a mean functionality of at least 4, where the polyols or polyol mixtures have a hydroxyl number of from 200 to 1650 mg KOH/g and a number average molecular weight of less than 1100 g/mol. The present invention also provides a process for preparing these prepolymers containing isocyanate groups, provides for their use for producing polyurethanes and provides a process for producing polyurethanes by reacting at least one novel prepolymer containing isocyanate groups, if desired in admixture with further organic and/or modified organic isocyanates (a), with compounds having at least two reactive hydrogen atoms (b) in the presence of, if desired, blowing agents (c), catalysts (d) and, if desired, further auxiliaries and/or additives (e).

摘要翻译： 含有异氰酸酯基的预聚物的NCO含量至少为30.0重量％，可以通过使主要由二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和聚苯基聚亚甲基多异氰酸酯组成的异氰酸酯混合物与二苯基聚亚甲基多异氰酸酯的比例为不超过74％的双环异构体比例 重量与至少4-官能多元醇或平均官能度至少为4的多元醇的混合物，其中多元醇或多元醇混合物的羟值为200至1650mg KOH / g，数均分子量小于 1100g / mol。 本发明还提供了制备这些含有异氰酸酯基团的预聚物的方法，提供了它们用于生产聚氨酯的方法，并且提供了通过使至少一种含有异氰酸酯基团的新型预聚物（如果需要）与另外的有机和/或 如果需要，发泡剂（c），催化剂（d）和（如果需要的话）其它助剂和/或添加剂（e）的存在下，改性有机异氰酸酯（a），具有至少两个反应性氢原子的化合物（b） ）。

公开(公告)号：US5684092A

公开(公告)日：1997-11-04

申请号：US755069

申请日：1996-11-22

申请人： Holger Seifert ,  Renate Hempel ,  Gottfried Knorr ,  Udo Rotermund

发明人： Holger Seifert ,  Renate Hempel ,  Gottfried Knorr ,  Udo Rotermund

IPC分类号： C08J9/02 ,  C08G18/00 ,  C08G18/08 ,  C08G18/28 ,  C08G18/65 ,  C08J9/14 ,  C08K3/00

CPC分类号： C08J9/149 ,  C08G18/282 ,  C08J9/141 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08J2375/04

摘要： In a process for producing rigid foams based on isocyanate, the blowing agent used is a mixture of at least one low-boiling hydrocarbon having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, low molecular weight monohydric alcohols containing primary or secondary hydroxyl groups and having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and, if desired, the carbon dioxide formed from water and isocyanate. The rigid foams can be used as insulation material.

摘要翻译： 在用于生产基于异氰酸酯的刚性泡沫的方法中，所用的发泡剂是至少一种具有3-7个碳原子的低沸点烃，含有伯或仲羟基的低分子量一元醇的混合物，并且具有1至 4个碳原子，如果需要，由水和异氰酸酯形成的二氧化碳。 刚性泡沫可以用作绝缘材料。

公开(公告)号：US5624969A

公开(公告)日：1997-04-29

申请号：US677744

申请日：1996-07-10

申请人： Holger Seifert ,  Renate Hempel ,  Gottfried Knorr ,  Udo Rotermund

发明人： Holger Seifert ,  Renate Hempel ,  Gottfried Knorr ,  Udo Rotermund

IPC分类号： C08J9/02 ,  C08G18/00 ,  C08G18/08 ,  C08G18/28 ,  C08G18/65 ,  C08J9/14

CPC分类号： C08J9/149 ,  C08G18/282 ,  C08J9/141 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08J2375/04

摘要： In a process for producing rigid foams based on isocyanate, the blowing agent used is a mixture of at least one low-boiling hydrocarbon having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, low molecular weight monohydric alcohols containing primary or secondary hydroxyl groups and having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and, if desired, the carbon dioxide formed from water and isocyanate. The rigid foams can be used as insulation material.

公开(公告)号：US06284812B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-04

申请号：US09159798

申请日：1998-09-24

申请人： Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Holger Seifert ,  Werner Schmiade

发明人： Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Holger Seifert ,  Werner Schmiade

IPC分类号： C08G1804

CPC分类号： C08J9/14 ,  C08G18/6607 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/0058 ,  C08J2203/14 ,  C08J2203/142 ,  C08J2375/04

摘要： Thermally stable rigid foams based on isocyanate can be produced by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds containing at least two hydrogen atoms which can react with isocyanate groups, c) water, in the presence of d) physically acting blowing agents, in the presence or absence of e) catalysts and auxiliaries and/or additives, wherein the component b) comprises bi) at least one polyether alcohol having a functionality of at least 1.5 and a hydroxyl number of from 10 to 100 mg KOH/g in an amount of from 0.2 to 80% by mass, based on b), and bii)at least one polyester alcohol in an amount of from 5 to 90% by mass, based on b), the water c) is present in an amount of at most 2% by mass, based on the sum of the components b) to e), and the component d) used comprises hydrocarbons and/or fluorine-containing hydrocarbons in an amount of from 5 to 30% by mass, based on the sum of the components b) to e).

摘要翻译： 基于异氰酸酯的热稳定的硬质泡沫可以通过使多异氰酸酯与b）含有至少两个可与异氰酸酯基团反应的氢原子的化合物，c）在存在或不存在的情况下在d）物理作用的发泡剂存在下， ）催化剂和助剂和/或添加剂，其中组分b）包含至少一种官能度为至少1.5，羟基数为10至100mg KOH / g的聚醚醇，其量为0.2至80％ 基于b），andbii）基于b）的至少一种聚酯醇的量为5〜90质量％，水c）的含量为至多2质量％，基于 基于组分b）至e）的总和，并且使用的组分d）基于组分b）至e的总和，含有5至30质量％的烃和/或含氟烃 ）。

公开(公告)号：US5895792A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-20

申请号：US935911

申请日：1997-09-23

申请人： Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Holger Seifert ,  Werner Wiegmann

发明人： Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Holger Seifert ,  Werner Wiegmann

IPC分类号： C08J9/12 ,  C08G18/06 ,  C08G18/48 ,  C08G18/50

CPC分类号： C08G18/5033 ,  C08G18/482 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/0033 ,  C08G2101/005 ,  C08G2101/0058 ,  C08G2101/0083

摘要： In a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams having improved heat distortion resistance and reduced thermal conductivity by reactinga) polyisocyanates withb) compounds containing hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanates, in the presence ofc) water, and, if desired,d) physically acting blowing agents ande) catalysts and known auxiliaries and/or additives, the compounds b) containing hydrogen atoms reactive toward isocyanates are a polyol mixture comprisingb1) a polyol which can be prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto a hexitol or a hexitol mixture, with the total hexitol content of the polyol mixture being from 15 to 30% by weight, based on the polyol mixture, andb2) a polyol which can be prepared by addition of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto one or more aromatic amines, with the total amine content of the polyol mixture being from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the polyol mixture, and the amount of the polyol mixture in the component b) is from 60 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the component b).

摘要翻译： 在制备具有改善的耐热变形性和降低热导率的硬质聚氨酯泡沫体的方法中，通过使a）多异氰酸酯与b）在c）水和（如果需要）d）的存在下，对含有氢原子的异氰酸酯反应的化合物d） 发泡剂和e）催化剂和已知的助剂和/或添加剂，包含对异氰酸酯具有反应性的氢原子的化合物b）是多元醇混合物，其包含b1）可以通过在己糖醇中加入环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷制备的多元醇 或己糖醇混合物，其中多元醇混合物的总己糖醇含量为基于多元醇混合物的15至30重量％，和b2）可通过将环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷加成到一个上制备的多元醇 或更多的芳族胺，多元醇混合物的总胺含量基于多元醇混合物为1至10重量％，并且组分中的多元醇混合物的量 b）相对于100质量份组分b）为60〜100质量份。

公开(公告)号：US6063824A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-16

申请号：US91697

申请日：1998-11-18

申请人： Ruediger Krech ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Heinz Bollmann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Wolfgang Scholz ,  Manfred Genz

发明人： Ruediger Krech ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Heinz Bollmann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Wolfgang Scholz ,  Manfred Genz

IPC分类号： C08J9/36 ,  C08G18/08 ,  C08G18/40 ,  C08G18/76 ,  C08G101/00 ,  C08J9/04

CPC分类号： C08G18/089 ,  C08G18/7664 ,  C08G2101/0066 ,  C08G2101/0083 ,  C08G2350/00

摘要： A microcellular PU elastomer having improved dynamic-mechanical properties and based on an isocyanate component consisting essentially of 4,4'-MDI and also further customary constituents has, after heating at from 100 to 120.degree. C. for from 8 to 24 hours, a melting range of from 130.degree. C. as the minimum lower limit to 230.degree. C. as a minimum upper limit, measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at a heating rate of 20.degree. C./min, and a urea content of from 14 to 18% by weight.A process is also provided for preparing such a microcellular PU elastomer having improved dynamic mechanical properties. The microcellular PU elastomers can be used for producing damping elements.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP96 / 05639 Sec。 371日期：1998年11月18日 102（e）1998年11月18日日期PCT 1996年12月16日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 23534 日期1997年7月3日具有改进的动态力学性能并且基于由4,4'-MDI组成的异氰酸酯组分的微孔PU弹性体以及另外的常规组分在100至120℃下加热8 至20小时，通过差示扫描量热法（DSC）以20℃/分钟的加热速率测量的最小下限为230℃的熔点为最小上限，为最小上限，以及 尿素含量为14至18重量％。 还提供了一种制备这种具有改进的动态力学性能的微孔PU弹性体的方法。 微孔PU弹性体可用于制造阻尼元件。

公开(公告)号：US5916480A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-29

申请号：US159976

申请日：1998-09-24

申请人： Udo Rotermund ,  Marion Heinz ,  Anja Biedermann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Werner Wiegmann

发明人： Udo Rotermund ,  Marion Heinz ,  Anja Biedermann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Werner Wiegmann

IPC分类号： C08J9/00 ,  B01F17/34 ,  C08G18/00 ,  C08G18/28 ,  C08G18/34 ,  C08G18/40 ,  C08G18/42 ,  C08G18/66 ,  C08G101/00 ,  C08J9/14 ,  C08K3/00

CPC分类号： C08J9/141 ,  C08G18/6607 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08G2101/0058 ,  C08J2205/10 ,  C08J2375/04

摘要： Blowing agent-containing emulsions comprisea) compounds containing hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanates,b) blowing agents,c) catalysts, auxiliaries and/or additives which are customary in polyurethane chemistry, wherein the blowing agents b) are present as an emulsion in the components a) and c), and polyester alcohols having the following structure are used as emulsification aids: ##STR1## where m=0-15n=0-1o=0-15p=0-1q=0-15r=0-1s=0-15t=0-1u=0-10v=0-15x=1-5y=1-4 or mixtures of 1-3 where r+n.noteq.0z=0-3z.sub.i =0.1-3R.sub.1 is an aliphatic structure without OH groups, based on the structure of polyhydric alcohols, preferably ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol and dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,3-butanediol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylol ethane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, where these substances can also be used as any mixture with one another in the esterification and R.sub.1 can therefore also be a mixture of the corresponding structures,R.sub.2 is the radical of a polycarboxylic acid without COOH groups, eg. adipic acid, terephthalic acid, o-phthalic acid,R.sub.3 is an alcohol radical like R.sub.1.

摘要翻译： 含发泡剂的乳液包括a）含有对异氰酸酯具有反应性的氢原子的化合物，b）发泡剂，c）在聚氨酯化学中常用的催化剂，助剂和/或添加剂，其中发泡剂b）作为乳液存在 在组分a）和c）中，具有以下结构的聚酯醇用作乳化助剂：其中m = 0-15n = 0-1 o = 0-15 p = 0-1 q = 0-15 r = 0-1 s = 0-15 t = 0-1 u = 0-10 v = 0-15 x = 1-5 y = 1-4或1-3的混合，其中r + n NOTEQUAL 0 z = 0-3 zi = 0.1-3 R1是不含OH基团的脂肪族结构，基于多元醇的结构，优选乙二醇，二甘醇，三甘醇，1,2-丙二醇和二丙二醇，1,4-丁二醇， 6-己二醇，新戊二醇，1,3-丁二醇，三羟甲基丙烷，三羟甲基乙烷，甘油，季戊四醇，其中这些物质也可以作为彼此在酯化中的任何混合物使用，因此， 因此是相应结构的混合物，R2是不含COOH基团的多元羧酸的基团，例如。 己二酸，对苯二甲酸，邻苯二甲酸，R3是如R1的醇基。

公开(公告)号：US6037383A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-14

申请号：US91638

申请日：1998-10-07

申请人： Ruediger Krech ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Heinz Bollmann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Wolfgang Scholz ,  Manfred Genz

发明人： Ruediger Krech ,  Udo Rotermund ,  Heinz Bollmann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Wolfgang Scholz ,  Manfred Genz

IPC分类号： C08J9/36 ,  C08G18/08 ,  C08G18/76 ,  C08G18/04

CPC分类号： C08G18/7664 ,  C08G18/089 ,  C08G2101/0066 ,  C08G2101/0083 ,  C08G2350/00

摘要： A microcellular PU elastomer having improved dynamic mechanical properties and based on an isocyanate component consisting essentially of 4,4'-MDI and further customary constituents has a physicochemical structure which, in the gel permeation chromatograph (GPC) of a solution of the microcellular polyurethane elastomer prepared at 90.degree. C. in N,N-dimethylformamide containing 1 percent of di-n-butylamine measured against polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as standard, displays a signal occurring in addition to low molecular weight main signal and comprising one or more peaks at an (apparent) molar mass of greater than 250,000 g/mol which becomes smaller or disappears on addition of lithium chloride to this solution, and a urea content of from 14 to 18% by weight.A process is also provided for preparing such a microcellular PU elastomer having improved dynamic mechanical properties. The microcellular PU elastomers can be used for producing damping elements.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP96 / 05640 Sec。 371日期：1998年10月7日 102（e）日期1998年10月7日PCT 1996年12月16日PCT公布。 出版物WO97 / 23535 日期1997年7月3日具有改善的动态力学性能并基于由4,4'-MDI和其他常规组分组成的异氰酸酯组分的微孔PU弹性体具有物理化学结构，其在溶液的凝胶渗透色谱（GPC） 在90℃下在含有1％二正丁胺的N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中制备的聚氨基甲酸甲酯（PMMA）作为标准的微孔聚氨酯弹性体显示除了低分子量主信号之外还发生的信号，并且包含 摩尔质量大于250,000g / mol的一个或多个峰变得更小或在向该溶液中加入氯化锂时消失，尿素含量为14至18重量％。 还提供了一种制备这种具有改进的动态力学性能的微孔PU弹性体的方法。 微孔PU弹性体可用于制造阻尼元件。

公开(公告)号：US20060014908A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-19

申请号：US10526930

申请日：2003-09-08

申请人： Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Michael Hesse ,  Jan Rudloff ,  Maryline Desseix

发明人： Udo Rotermund ,  Renate Hempel ,  Michael Hesse ,  Jan Rudloff ,  Maryline Desseix

IPC分类号： C08G18/02 ,  C08G18/06

CPC分类号： C04B38/0022 ,  C04B2111/00793 ,  C04B2111/00844 ,  C04B2111/00853 ,  H01G11/24 ,  H01G11/32 ,  H01G11/48 ,  Y02E60/13 ,  C04B35/52 ,  C04B38/0054 ,  C04B38/0058 ,  C04B38/0074

摘要： The invention relates to a foam comprising at least 70% by weight of carbon and having a mean cell size above 20 μm, a porosity based on this cell size of from 35% to 99.5% and an open cell content above 90%, an internal surface above 50 m2/g, having cell struts whose cross section is a triangle having concave sides and having pores in the cell framework material having dimensions of from 0.2 nm to 50 nm and a volume of from 0.01 cm3/g to 0.8 cm3/g, and also to its use. It further relates to a process for producing a foam comprising at least 70% by weight of carbon by pyrolysis of polymer foams which comprise at least 30% by mass of a polymer material having a nitrogen content of more than 6% by mass and having a porosity of from 35 to 99.5% and an open cell content above 1%, have inorganics incorporated into the polymer foam and/or applied to the surface and/or are treated during and/or after the pyrolysis with water vapor and/or carbon dioxide and/or oxygen at above 400° C.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种泡沫，其包含至少70重量％的碳，平均泡孔尺寸高于20μm，基于该孔尺寸为35％至99.5％，开孔率为90％以上的孔隙率，内部 表面高于50m 2 / g，具有电池支柱，其横截面是具有凹面的三角形并且在电池框架材料中具有尺寸为0.2nm至50nm的体积和0.01的体积 cm 3 / g至0.8cm 3 / g，也用于其用途。 本发明还涉及通过聚合物泡沫的热分解至少70重量％的碳的泡沫体的制造方法，其包含至少30质量％的氮含量大于6质量％的聚合物材料，并且具有 35％至99.5％的孔隙率和1％以上的开孔含量，将无机物掺入聚合物泡沫体中和/或施加到表面和/或在水蒸气和/或二氧化碳热解过程中和/或之后进行处理 和/或高于400℃的氧气

公开(公告)号：US06274642B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-14

申请号：US09160109

申请日：1998-09-24

申请人： Udo Rotermund ,  Anja Biedermann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Werner Wiegmann ,  Marion Heinz

发明人： Udo Rotermund ,  Anja Biedermann ,  Renate Hempel ,  Werner Wiegmann ,  Marion Heinz

IPC分类号： C08J914

CPC分类号： C08J9/141 ,  C08G18/4018 ,  C08G18/4288 ,  C08G18/4816 ,  C08G18/4841 ,  C08G18/4845 ,  C08G18/5024 ,  C08G18/6674 ,  C08G2101/0025 ,  C08J2205/10 ,  C08J2375/04

摘要： Storage-stable, blowing agent-containing halogen-free emulsions for producing rigid foams based on isocyanate comprise a) compounds containing hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, b) water, c) physically acting, halogen-free blowing agents and, if desired, d) auxiliaries and/or additives which are customary in polyurethane chemistry, wherein the component a) comprises polyether alcohols having a functionality of greater than 1.5 and a hydroxyl number of from 10 to 100 mg KOH/g in an amount of from 0.2% by mass to 80% by mass, based on the mass of the component a), and the halogen-free, physically acting blowing agents c) used are hydrocarbons having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms.

摘要翻译： 用于制备基于异氰酸酯的刚性泡沫的储存稳定的含发泡剂的无卤乳液包括a）含有对异氰酸酯基团具有反应性的氢原子的化合物，b）水，c）物理作用的，无卤素的发泡剂，如果需要 ，d）在聚氨酯化学中通常的助剂和/或添加剂，其中组分a）包含官能度大于1.5，羟值为10至100mg KOH / g的聚醚醇，其量为0.2重量％ 基于组分a）的质量计，质量至80质量％，并且所用的无卤物理作用的发泡剂c）是具有3至10个碳原子的烃。