摘要:
A fuel injection valve using a stacked piezoelectric ceramics displacement magnifying device as a valve actuator. The piezoelectric actuator comprises a stacked piezoelectric ceramics expandable upon application of an electric field thereto; a lever member having a base portion fixed to the central portion of the casing, an inner portion contacting with an end of the stacked piezoelectric ceramics and receiving an expansion force from the stacked piezoelectric ceramics, a fulcrum portion fixed to the base portion, and at least two outer portions adapted to be outwardly displaced when the inner portion receives the expansion force from the stacked piezoelectric ceramics; and a flexing member formed of an elastic material and connected at its both ends to the outer portions of the lever member under the condition where a central portion thereof is flexed frontwardly, the central portion of the flexing member being connected to a rear end of the valve body.
摘要:
In an injector for intermittently injecting liquid fuel by supplying a pulse signal to an actuator and reciprocating an injector valve, a method of controlling the injector valve comprising the steps of temporarily cutting supply of a pulse signal to the actuator to suppress inertia of the injector valve and thereby stabilize opening characteristics of the valve just before full opening of the valve during an opening stroke of the valve, and temporarily supplying the pulse signal after the cutting step of the pulse signal to the actuator to suppress inertia of the injector valve and thereby stabilize closing characteristics of the valve just before full closing of the valve during a closing stroke of the valve.
摘要:
In an injector for intermittently injecting liquid fuel by supplying a pulse signal to an actuator for reciprocating a valve body, a method of controlling the injector comprises the steps of changing the width of the pulse signal to thereby control an open time of the injector, and also changing a voltage of the pulse signal to thereby control a stroke of the valve body.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for controlling the end tidal partial pressure of a gas X in a subject's lung, and to the use of such an apparatus and method for research, diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, wherein the method consists of: obtaining input of a series of logistically attainable PetX values for a series of respective breaths: determining an amount of gas X required to be inspired by the subject in an inspired gas to target the PetX for each of said respective breaths: and controlling a gas delivery device to deliver the amount of gas in a volume of gas delivered to the subject in each of said respective breaths to target the respective PetX for that breath.
摘要:
An optical encoder device is provided, in which the number of light transmissive slits of a stationary slit plate can be increased as much as possible according to the length of a light receiving surface of a light receiving element to produce an output signal with little distortion. A movable slit plate 3 includes a slit row R1 in which a plurality of light transmissive slits (light transmissive portions) S1 each having a slit width of 180° in terms of electrical angle and a plurality of light non-transmissive slits (light non-transmissive portions) S2 each having a slit width of 180° in terms of electrical angle are alternately formed. A stationary slit plate 4 includes a slit row R2 in which a plurality of light transmissive slits S3 each having a slit width of 180° in terms of electrical angle and a plurality of light non-transmissive slits S4 each having a slit width of (360Xk-180)° in terms of electrical angle are alternately formed. k is a value that satisfies k=1±(⅓n) where n denotes the number of the light transmissive slits S3.
摘要:
A magnetic absolute encoder with enhanced resolution is provided. A first cycle determining section 27 utilizes data stored in a fourth angle data storing section 23 to determine in which cycle of m cycles of the fourth angle data, fifth angle data, which has been newly computed in response to rotation of a rotary shaft 1, occurs. A second cycle determining section 29 determines in which cycle of n cycles of first angle data that occur in first determined cycle, the newly computed fifth angle data occurs. A third cycle determining section 31 determines in which cycle of N1 cycles of the first angle data, the current first angle data occurs, based on the first determined cycle and second determined cycle. An absolute position determining section 33 determines the absolute position based on third determined cycle and the digital value of the current first angle data.
摘要:
A wheel velocity signal for each wheel detected by a wheel velocity sensor is input to a bandpass filter. Signals from frequency bands unrelated to the unsprung resonance are then removed from the wheel velocity signal and only signals from frequency bands related to the unsprung resonance are output. A road surface &mgr; gradient estimation device uses an online identification method to identify an damping ratio of a second order resonance model similar to a suspension—tire resonance model from the signal output from the bandpass filter. The road surface &mgr; gradient is then estimated from the identified damping ratio. The damping ratio of the second order resonance model corresponds to the road surface &mgr; gradient in the following manner: when the damping ratio is identified as being small, the road surface &mgr; gradient is estimated as being large; and when the road surface &mgr; gradient is identified as being large, the damping ratio is estimated as being small.
摘要:
N-(2-methoxyethyl)-N-isopropylacrylamide is a novel compound. The polymer obtained by polymerizing this novel compound is a novel hydrophilic-hydrophobic thermally reversible type macromolecular compound having a transition temperature in the range of 12.degree. C. to 14.degree. C.
摘要:
A three-side cutting apparatus which cuts a carried-in book at its top, bottom and side. The apparatus comprises top and bottom size setters; transverse size setter; transfer quantity calculating member for calculating a quantity of transfer of the book to the cutting position on the basis of the signal indicative of the transverse size from the transfer size setter and outputting a signal indicative of the transfer quantity; top and bottom cutters for moving a pair of opposing cutters toward and away from each other under control of the signal indicative of the top and bottom sizes; position adjuster controlled in accordance with the signal indicative of the top and bottom sizes for adjusting the position where the book is fed in; aligner controlled by the signal indicative of the transverse size for moving the aligning position and the position of the back of the book; and feed-in member for setting a movement distance based on the signal indicative of the movement quantity and moving the book to the cutting position.
摘要:
A transfer switch for differential type actuators which includes a body having an internal space, a plurality of pairs of output ports connected with the internal space for supplying pressure to a plurality of differential type actuators, a flat control plate rotatable on the output ports, passages of two routes being arranged on one surface of the control plate which are connectable selectively with the plurality of output ports, input ports connected with the individual passes, and a rotary mechanism for changing over selectively the position of the control plate, whereby the function of the differential type actuator can be exerted fully and a plurality of differential type actuators can be controlled selectively and reliably.