摘要:
A catalyst represented by the general formulaP.sub.a Mo.sub.b V.sub.c Fe.sub.d Cu.sub.e Z.sub.f X.sub.g Y.sub.h O.sub.iwherein X represents at least one or more of the elements selected form the group consisting of potassium, rubidium, cesium and thallium, Y represents at least one or more of the elements selected from the group consisting of tellurium, lanthanum, boron, silver, chromium, magnesium and barium, Z represents any one of the elements of zirconium or antimony, a to i denote atomic ratios of respective elements, and when b=12, a=0.3-4, c=0.01-3, d=0.01-4, e=0.01-3, f=0.01-3, g=0.01-3, h=0.001-5 and i denotes the number of oxygen atoms required for satisfying the valence number of the said ingredients, and a process for the production of methacrylic acid comprising contacting methacrolein in vapor phase in the presence of said catalyst.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a catalyst used in the production of unsaturated carboxylic acids such as methacrylic acid by the gas phase catalytic oxidation of the corresponding unsaturated aldehydes such as methacrolein. Said catalyst is composed of a multi-component composition containing at least phosphorus, molybdenum and antimony. The present invention has attained an improved in its catalytic performance such as conversion rate, selectivity, single-pass yield etc. by using antimony trioxide with average particle size of no more than 0.2 micron as a starting material upon preparing said catalyst.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for the production of methacrolein and methacrylic acid by the gas phase catalytic oxidation of isobutylene or t-butanol at high temperature using molecular oxygen in the presence of catalyst consisting of molybdenum, tungsten, bismuth, iron, nickel, antimony, and an alkali metal, to which zinc or lead is added, and further phosphorus sulfur, silicon, selenium, germanium or boron, and magnesium, cobalt, manganese or tin are added.
摘要:
A phosphorus-molybdenum-alkali metal-containing catalyst for the gas-phase oxidation of an unsaturated aldehyde to an unsaturated carboxylic acid is regenerated by treating it with an aqueous solution containing ammonia and hydrogen peroxide or ozone.
摘要:
There is provided the improved process for the production of deutrated methyl acrylate or methacrylate by the direct substitution of deuterium for hydrogens in methyl acrylate or methacrylate in the presence of a platinum Group metal catalyst.
摘要:
The gas phase catalytic oxidation of an unsaturated aldehyde with molecular oxygen at 240.degree. to 390.degree. C to give the corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acid is conducted in the presence of a catalyst represented by the following formula:P.sub.a Mo.sub.b As.sub.c (NH.sub.4).sub.d X.sub.e Y.sub.f O.sub.gwherein a, b, c, e, f and g represent the atomic ratio of each component and a is 0.03 to 0.2, b is 1, c is 0.015 to 0.15, e is 0.003 to 1, f is 0 to 0.17, g is a value determined by the valencies of the elements present in the catalyst, and d designates the number of ammonium groups which are within the range of 0.01 to 0.3, and wherein X is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of vanadium, tungsten, copper, iron, manganese and tin, and Y is at least one alkali metal element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium. This catalyst is especially effective for the preparation of methacrylic acid from methacrolein, and it has a very long life.
摘要:
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for the production of deuterated acrylic acid or deuterated methacrylic acid comprising the exchange of hydrogens in acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with deuteriums in the presence of a catalyst. The deuterated acrylic or methacrylic acid is very useful as a starting material in the production of high quality optical plastic fibers.
摘要:
The gas phase catalytic oxidation of an unsaturated aldehyde with molecular oxygen at 240.degree. to 390.degree. C to give the corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acid is conducted in the presence of a catalyst represented by the following formula:P.sub.a Mo.sub.b As.sub.c X.sub.d Y.sub.e Z.sub.f O.sub.gwherein a, b, c, d, e, f and g represent the atomic ratio of each component and a is 0.03 to 0.2, b is 1, c is 0.015 to 0.15, d is 0.003 to 1, e is 0.003 to 0.417, f is 0.003 to 1, and g is a value determined by the valencies of the elements present in the catalyst; and wherein X is copper, vanadium or mixtures thereof Y is at least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium, and Z is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, zirconium, silver, antimony, tellurium, barium, tantalum and silicon. This catalyst is especially effective for the preparation of methacrylic acid from methacrolein, and has a very long lifetime.
摘要:
In a digital camera having multiple optical systems, multiple image capturing elements are effectively driven to reduce power consumption. A digital camera has a first image capturing optical system having a lens and a first image sensor and a second image capturing optical system having a lens and a second image sensor. A controller and timing generator selects the image signal from the first image capturing optical system while controlling an operation or power of the second image sensor and a clock driver to be OFF when the zoom position falls within a first zoom range. When the zoom position falls within a second zoom range, the image signal from the second image capturing optical system is selected while an operation or power of the first image sensor and a clock driver is controlled to be OFF. An operation or power of the image capturing optical system which is not selected is stopped so that power consumption is reduced.
摘要:
With an auxiliary electrode having a shape corresponding to the end of a workpiece attached to an upper electrode of a high frequency heater for high-frequency heating the end of the workpiece extruded, the workpiece is high-frequency heated intensively and uniformly between the auxiliary electrode and the lower electrode. After heating, the end of the workpiece is molded into a predetermined shape by a couple of stamping molds.