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公开(公告)号：US4748575A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-31
申请号：US684600
申请日：1984-12-21
CPC分类号： G06F7/74
摘要： A system for detecting the presence of trailing zeros in a number. The number is divided into a plurality of consecutive groups, each group having an address. The system also determines the address location of the lowest order group which contains at least one non-zero bit and which precedes any trailing zeros of the number. Such group defines a target group. The system includes a first circuit for dividing the number into a plurality of consecutive words where each word contains more bits than any group. The first circuit also determines the lowest order word which contains one or more non-zero bits and which precedes any trailing zeros of the number. The system includes a second dividing circuit for dividing each word into a plurality of segments each having a number of bits equal to or greater than the number of bits in the target group. The second dividing circuit determines, for each word, the lowest order segment which contains one or more non-zero bits and which precedes any trailing zeros of such word. The first and second dividing circuits perform the determination substantially simultaneously to reduce the amount of time for determining the address of the target. The system further includes circuit for determining, from the lowest order word and segment determined by the first and second dividing circuits, the address of the target group.
摘要翻译： 用于检测数字中尾随零的存在的系统。 该数字被分成多个连续的组，每组具有一个地址。 该系统还确定包含至少一个非零位并且在数字的任何尾部零之前的最低阶组的地址位置。 这样的组定义了一个目标组。 该系统包括用于将数字分成多个连续字的第一电路，其中每个字包含比任何组多的位。 第一电路还确定包含一个或多个非零位并且在数字的任何尾部零之前的最低阶字。 该系统包括第二分割电路，用于将每个字分成多个段，每段具有等于或大于目标组中位数的位数。 第二分频电路为每个单词确定包含一个或多个非零位并且在该字的任何尾随零之前的最低阶段。 第一和第二分频电路基本上同时执行确定以减少用于确定目标地址的时间量。 该系统还包括用于根据由第一和第二分频电路确定的最低阶字和段确定目标组的地址的电路。
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公开(公告)号：US3975648A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-17
申请号：US587188
申请日：1975-06-16
IPC分类号： H01L27/04 , G05F3/24 , H01L21/822 , H01L29/47 , H01L29/78 , H03K1/12 , H03K1/00 , H03K1/02 , H03K3/353
摘要： A flat-band voltage reference includes two insulated-gate field-effect transistors, hereinafter IGFETs, which are substantially identical except for their flat-band voltage characteristics and which are biased to carry equal drain currents at equal drain voltages. The resulting difference in potential between the gate contacts of the IGFETs produces a voltage reference which is substantially independent of variances in operating points, supply potentials, and temperature.
摘要翻译： 平带电压基准包括两个绝缘栅场效应晶体管（以下称为IGFET），除了它们的平带电压特性之外基本相同，并且在相等的漏极电压下偏置为承载相等的漏极电流。 IGFET的栅极接触之间的电位差产生基本上与工作点，电源电位和温度方差无关的电压基准。
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公开(公告)号：US4170818A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-16
申请号：US838689
申请日：1977-10-03
IPC分类号： G05F3/24 , H01L21/8234 , H01L27/095 , H01L27/098 , H01L29/20 , H01L29/22 , H01L29/24 , H01L29/43 , H01L29/47 , B01J17/00
CPC分类号： G05F3/247 , G05F3/245 , H01L21/82345 , H01L27/095 , H01L27/098 , H01L29/20 , H01L29/22 , H01L29/2203 , H01L29/24 , H01L29/245 , H01L29/432 , H01L29/47 , H01L29/475
摘要： A barrier height voltage reference includes two field-effect transistors which are substantially identical except for their gate-to-channel potential barrier characteristics and which are biased to carry equal drain currents at equal drain voltages. The resulting difference in potential between the gate contacts of the two field effect transistors produces a voltage reference which is substantially independent of operating point, supply potential, and temperature.
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4.发明授权Method for storing a second number as a command address of a first peripheral device and a third number as a command address of a second peripheral device 失效用于存储作为第一外围设备的命令地址的第二号码和作为第二外围设备的命令地址的第三号码的方法
公开(公告)号：US4912627A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-27
申请号：US132123
申请日：1987-12-14
申请人： Peter B. Ashkin , Michael Clark
发明人： Peter B. Ashkin , Michael Clark
IPC分类号： G06F12/06 , G06F13/362 , G06F13/376 , H04L12/28 , H04L12/403
CPC分类号： H04L12/403 , G06F12/0661 , G06F13/362 , G06F13/376 , H04L12/28
摘要： A method for transferring data on a communication medium between a host computer and a plurality of peripheral devices coupled to the medium at a plurality of first address locations, including first and second peripheral devices at a one of the first address locations. The host computer transmits a plurality of first signals to the one of the first address locations requesting any peripheral devices at the one of the first address locations to transmit data to the host computer. The first peripheral device senses the medium to determine if the medium is currently in use. The second peripheral device senses the medium to determine if the medium is currently in use. The first peripheral device transmit data to the host computer when the medium is not in use. The second peripheral device discontinues the transmission of data when the medium is in use and sets an internal collision flag. The host computer transmits a plurality of second signals, including a second address, to the one of the first address locations, the second address becoming an address for the first peripheral device, and the second address not becoming an address for the second peripheral device, given that the internal collision flag for the second peripheral device is set.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在多个第一地址位置（包括在第一地址位置之一处包括第一和第二外围设备）的主计算机与耦合到介质的多个外围设备之间的通信介质上传送数据的方法。 主计算机向第一地址位置之一发送多个第一信号，请求在第一地址位置之一处的任何外围设备向主机发送数据。 第一外围设备感测介质以确定介质当前是否正在使用中。 第二外围设备感测介质以确定介质当前是否正在使用中。 当介质不使用时，第一外围设备将数据发送到主计算机。 当介质使用时，第二外围设备中断数据传输并设置内部冲突标志。 主计算机向第一地址位置之一发送包括第二地址的多个第二信号，第二地址变为第一外围设备的地址，第二地址不成为第二外围设备的地址， 假设第二外围设备的内部冲突标志被设置。
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5.发明授权Method for requesting service by a device which generates a service request signal successively until it is serviced 失效用于由生成服务请求信号的设备请求服务的方法，直到被服务为止
公开(公告)号：US4875158A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-17
申请号：US132121
申请日：1987-12-14
申请人： Peter B. Ashkin , Michael Clark
发明人： Peter B. Ashkin , Michael Clark
IPC分类号： G06F12/06 , G06F13/362 , G06F13/376 , H04L12/28 , H04L12/403
CPC分类号： G06F12/0661 , G06F13/362 , G06F13/376 , H04L12/28 , H04L12/403
摘要： A method for requesting service by a device coupled to a host computer through a communication medium. The host computer sets a service request bit of the device to a first logical value to allow the device to produce a service request signal if the device requires servicing. The device determines that it requires servicing and the device sets an internal flag bit to a first logical value to indicate that the device requires servicing. The device monitors a command from the host computer to see if the command is addressed to the device. If the command is not addressed to the device and if the service request bit is set to a first logical value, then the device generates a service request signal on the medium after the command by holding the communication medium low for a first period of time. If the command is addressed to the device, if the device determines that the command is not a command that services the device, and if the service request bit is set to the first logical value, then the device generates a service request signal on the medium after the command by holding the medium low for the first period of time and performs the command. If the command is addressed to the device, if the device determines that the command is not a command that services the device, and if the service request bit is not set to the first logical value, the device performs the command without generating the service request signal. The steps including and following the step of the device monitoring a command from the host computer are repeated until the device receives a command addressed to the device that services the device.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过通信介质与主计算机耦合的设备请求服务的方法。 主计算机将设备的服务请求位设置为第一逻辑值，以允许设备在设备需要维护时产生服务请求信号。 设备确定它需要维修，并且设备将内部标志位设置为第一逻辑值，以指示设备需要维修。 该设备监视来自主机的命令，以查看该命令是否寻址到该设备。 如果该命令未被发送到设备，并且如果服务请求位被设置为第一逻辑值，则设备在该命令之后通过在第一时间段内保持通信介质为低而在介质上生成服务请求信号。 如果该命令指向该设备，则如果该设备确定该命令不是服务该设备的命令，并且该服务请求位被设置为第一逻辑值，则该设备在该介质上生成业务请求信号 通过在第一个时间段内保持中低的命令，执行命令。 如果该命令指向该设备，如果该设备确定该命令不是服务该设备的命令，并且该服务请求位未设置为第一个逻辑值，则该设备执行该命令而不生成该服务请求 信号。 重复包括和跟随从主计算机监视命令的设备的步骤的步骤，直到设备收到寻址到服务于设备的设备的命令。
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6.发明授权Method for selectively activating and deactivating devices having same first address and different extended addresses 失效用于选择性地激活和去激活具有相同第一地址和不同扩展地址的设备的方法
公开(公告)号：US4918598A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US132124
申请日：1987-12-14
申请人： Peter B. Ashkin , Michael Clark
发明人： Peter B. Ashkin , Michael Clark
IPC分类号： G06F12/06 , G06F13/362 , G06F13/376 , H04L12/28 , H04L12/403
CPC分类号： G06F12/0661 , G06F13/362 , G06F13/376 , H04L12/28 , H04L12/403
摘要： A method for activating one of a plurality of devices coupled to a communications medium at a first address location and controlled by a host computer. A plurality of extended addresses are provided to the devices, each of the devices having a unique extended address. A command is transmitted from the host computer to the first address. One of the plurality of devices is activated by transmitting the unique extended address of the device on the communications medium, the activated device responding to further commands sent to the first address location.
摘要翻译： 一种用于激活耦合到第一地址位置并由主机控制的通信介质的多个设备之一的方法。 向设备提供多个扩展地址，每个设备具有唯一的扩展地址。 一个命令从主机发送到第一个地址。 通过在通信介质上发送设备的唯一扩展地址来激活多个设备中的一个，激活的设备响应于发送到第一地址位置的其他命令。
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公开(公告)号：US4014011A
公开(公告)日：1977-03-22
申请号：US571874
申请日：1975-04-25
申请人： Peter B. Ashkin
发明人： Peter B. Ashkin
CPC分类号： G01R13/405 , G01R13/00 , G01R13/408
摘要： A display having variable resolution includes a plurality of discrete light emitting elements arranged in an array. Intervals between elements are quantized into a plurality of levels representing information to be displayed. Selected light emitting elements disposed about the levels are energized by a signal having a duty cycle varied in response to displayable information having a magnitude within a particular one of the plurality of levels.
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8.发明授权Apparatus for transferring signals and data under the control of a host computer 失效用于在主计算机的控制下传送信号和数据的装置
公开(公告)号：US4910655A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-20
申请号：US765396
申请日：1985-08-14
申请人： Peter B. Ashkin , Michael Clark
发明人： Peter B. Ashkin , Michael Clark
IPC分类号： G06F13/00 , G06F12/06 , G06F13/10 , G06F13/12 , G06F13/14 , G06F13/26 , G06F13/362 , G06F13/376 , G06F13/42 , H04L12/28 , H04L12/403
CPC分类号： G06F13/362 , G06F12/0661 , G06F13/376 , H04L12/28 , H04L12/403
摘要： A communications medium for transmitting data between a plurality of peripheral devices and a host computer. Only one device may talk on the bus at a time and only in response to a command from the host. When a peripheral device needs to be serviced, it sends out a service request signal by holding the bus low after any command signal. The device continues to request service until it receives a talk command from the host computer. When more than one device are the same type (for example, two mice) are coupled to the bus, the host computer assigns new addresses to the devices. Devices detect collisions by sensing a low signal on the bus when they attempt to send a "1".
摘要翻译： 一种用于在多个外围设备和主机之间传送数据的通信介质。 一次只能有一台设备在总线上通话，只能响应主机的命令。 当外围设备需要服务时，通过在任何命令信号后保持总线低电平来发出服务请求信号。 设备继续请求服务，直到从主机接收到通话命令。 当多个设备是相同类型（例如，两个鼠标）耦合到总线时，主机计算机为设备分配新的地址。 当设备尝试发送“1”时，设备通过检测总线上的低信号来检测冲突。
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公开(公告)号：US4068134A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-10
申请号：US674453
申请日：1976-04-07
IPC分类号： H01L27/04 , G05F3/24 , H01L21/822 , H01L29/47 , H01L29/78 , H03K1/12 , H01L27/02 , H01L29/80 , H03K3/353
摘要： A barrier height voltage reference includes two field-effect transistors which are substantially identical except for their gate-to-channel potential barrier characteristics and which are biased to carry equal drain currents at equal drain voltages. The resulting difference in potential between the gate contacts of the two field effect transistors produces a voltage reference which is substantially independent of operating point, supply potential, and temperature.
摘要翻译： 势垒高度参考电压包括两个场效应晶体管，除了它们的栅极至沟道势垒特性之外基本上相同，并且在相等的漏极电压下偏置为承载相等的漏极电流。 两个场效应晶体管的栅极触点之间的电位差产生基本上与工作点，电源电位和温度无关的电压基准。
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