摘要:
Formic acid and a carboxylic acid having at least two carbon atoms and/or derivatives thereof are prepared jointly by a process in which (a) a formic ester (I) is transesterified with a carboxylic acid having at least two carbon atoms (II) to form formic acid (III) and the corresponding carboxylic ester (IV); and (b) at least part of the carboxylic ester (IV) formed in step (a) is carbonylated to give the corresponding carboxylic anhydride (V).
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for jointly producing (i) formic acid (III); (ii) a carboxylic acid comprising at least two carbon atoms (II) and/or the derivatives thereof; and (iii) a carboxylic acid anhydride (VII). According to said method, (a) a formic acid ester (I) is transesterfied to formic acid (III) and the corresponding carboxylic acid ester (IV) by means of a carboxylic acid comprising at least two carbon atoms (II); (b) at least one portion of the carboxylic acid ester (IV) formed in step (a) is carbonylated in order to obtain the carboxylic acid anhydride (V); and (c) at least one portion of the carboxylic acid anhydride (V) formed in step (b) is further dehydrated by means of a carboxylic acid (VI) so as to form a carboxylic acid anhydride (VII) and the carboxylic acid (II).
摘要:
A process for preparing EDDN and/or EDMN by conversion of FA, HCN and EDA, the reaction being effected in the presence of water, and, after the conversion, water being depleted from the reaction mixture in a distillation column, which comprises performing the distillation in the presence of an organic solvent which has a boiling point between water and EDDN and/or EDMN at the distillation pressure existing in the column or which forms a low-boiling azeotrope with water.
摘要:
A process for reacting ethylenediamine-formaldehyde adduct (EDFA) and/or ethylene-diamine-monoformaldehyde adduct (EDMFA) with hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in a reactor with limited backmixing at a temperature in the range from 20 to 120° C., wherein the residence time in the reactor is 300 seconds or less.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing ethanolamines by reacting glycolaldehyde with monoethanolamine and/or diethanolamine in the presence of a catalyst.
摘要:
A process for preparing acid formates which comprises (a) partially hydrolyzing methyl formates with water; (b) separating off by distillation methyl formate and methanol from the reaction mixture obtained in process stage (a), forming a stream comprising formic acid and water; and (c) combining the stream comprising formic acid and water from the process stage (b) and the corresponding formate, forming a mixture comprising the acid formate and water, an apparatus for their preparation and their use.
摘要:
Process for the continuous preparation of an amine by reaction of a primary or secondary alcohol, aldehyde and/or ketone with hydrogen and a nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary and secondary amines at a temperature in the range from 60 to 300° C. in the presence of a catalyst comprising copper oxide and aluminum oxide, wherein the reaction takes place in the gas phase and the catalytically active composition of the catalyst before reduction with hydrogen comprisesfrom 20 to 75% by weight of aluminum oxide (Al2O3),from 20 to 75% by weight of oxygen-comprising compounds of copper, calculated as CuO,from 0 to 2% by weight of oxygen-comprising compounds of sodium, calculated as Na2O, andless than 5% by weight of oxygen-comprising compounds of nickel, calculated as NiO, and the shaped catalyst body has a pellet shape having a diameter in the range from 1 to 4 mm and a height in the range from 1 to 4 mm.
摘要翻译:通过伯醇或仲醇,醛和/或酮与氢和选自氨,伯胺和仲胺的氮化合物在60至300℃的温度下反应连续制备胺的方法 在包含氧化铜和氧化铝的催化剂存在下,其中反应在气相中进行,催化剂在用氢还原前的催化活性组合物包含20至75重量%的氧化铝(Al 2 O 3 ),20至75重量%的以氧化铜计的含氧化合物的铜(以CuO计)为0至2重量%的含氧化合物的钠(以Na 2 O计)和小于5重量% 包括以NiO计算的镍化合物,并且成型催化剂体具有直径在1至4mm范围内且高度在1至4mm范围内的颗粒形状。
摘要:
A process is disclosed for separating the output from the reaction of EDDN or EDMN with hydrogen in the presence of THF, a catalyst, TETA or DETA, water, and optionally organic compounds having higher and lower boiling points than TETA or DETA. Hydrogen is removed, and the output is supplied to a distillation column DK1 in which an azeotrope, optionally comprising organic compounds with a boiling point lower than TETA or DETA, is removed from the top. A product comprising TETA or DETA is removed from the bottom and passed into a distillation column DK2, removing THF. A stream comprising TETA or DETA passes from the bottom of DK2. The DK1 azeotrope is condensed. Phase separation is induced by the addition of an organic solvent essentially immiscible with water, and the mixture is separated. The organic phase is recycled into DK1 and the water phase is discharged.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for separating the output from the reaction of EDDN or EDMN with hydrogen in the presence of THF, a catalyst, TETA or DETA, water, and optionally organic compounds having higher and lower boiling points than TETA or DETA. Hydrogen is removed, and the output is supplied to a distillation column DK1 in which an azeotrope, optionally comprising organic compounds with a boiling point lower than TETA or DETA, is removed from the top. A product comprising TETA or DETA is removed from the bottom and passed cinto a distillation column DK2, removing THF. A stream comprising TETA or DETA passes from the bottom of DK2. The DK1 azeotrope is condensed. Phase separation is induced by the addition of an organic solvent essentially immiscible with water, and the mixture is separated. The organic phase is recycled into DK1 and the water phase is discharged.
摘要:
A process for preparing ethylenediaminediacetonitrile (EDDN) and/or ethylenediamine-monoacetonitrile (EDMN) by conversion of formaldehyde (FA), hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and ethylenediamine (EDA), which comprises using stabilizer-free HCN, or HCN which has been stabilized with an organic acid, in the process.