公开(公告)号：US5863869A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-26

申请号：US478296

申请日：1995-06-07

申请人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  Richard Joseph Gambino ,  Roger Hilson Koch ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Robert Benjamin Laibowitz ,  Joseph Michael Viggiano

发明人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  Richard Joseph Gambino ,  Roger Hilson Koch ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Robert Benjamin Laibowitz ,  Joseph Michael Viggiano

IPC分类号： C30B1/02 ,  C01G1/00 ,  C01G3/00 ,  C30B29/22 ,  H01B12/06 ,  H01B13/00 ,  H01L39/12 ,  H01L39/24 ,  B32B9/00 ,  B05D5/12

CPC分类号： H01L39/2451 ,  H01L39/126 ,  H01L39/2432 ,  Y10S428/93 ,  Y10S505/701 ,  Y10S505/702 ,  Y10S505/73 ,  Y10S505/732 ,  Y10S505/742

摘要： Superconducting transition metal oxide films are provided which exhibit very high onsets of superconductivity and superconductivity at temperatures in excess of 40.degree. K. These films are produced by vapor deposition processes using pure metal sources for the metals in the superconducting compositions, where the metals include multi-valent nonmagnetic transition metals, rare earth elements and/or rare earth-like elements and alkaline earth elements. The substrate is exposed to oxygen during vapor deposition, and, after formation of the film, there is at least one annealing step in an oxygen ambient and slow cooling over several hours to room temperature. The substrates chosen are not critical as long as they are not adversely reactive with the superconducting oxide film. Transition metals include Cu, Ni, Ti and V, while the rare earth-like elements include Y, Sc and La. The alkaline earth elements include Ca, Ba and Sr.

摘要翻译： 提供超导过渡金属氧化物膜，其在超过40℃的温度下表现出非常高的超导性和超导性。这些膜通过使用纯金属源用于超导组合物中的金属的气相沉积工艺制备，其中金属包括多 价值非磁性过渡金属，稀土元素和/或稀土类元素和碱土金属元素。 衬底在气相沉积期间暴露于氧气，并且在膜形成之后，在氧环境中存在至少一个退火步骤，并在几个小时至室温下缓慢冷却。 所选择的衬底不是关键的，只要它们不与超导氧化物膜不利地反应。 过渡金属包括Cu，Ni，Ti和V，而稀土元素包括Y，Sc和La，碱土元素包括Ca，Ba和Sr。

公开(公告)号：US06774463B1

公开(公告)日：2004-08-10

申请号：US07842722

申请日：1992-02-24

申请人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  Richard Joseph Gambino ,  Eti Ganin ,  Roger Hilsen Koch ,  Lia Krusin-Elbaum ,  Robert Benjamin Laibowitz ,  George Anthony Sai-Halasz ,  Yuan-Chen Sun ,  Matthew Robert Wordeman

发明人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  Richard Joseph Gambino ,  Eti Ganin ,  Roger Hilsen Koch ,  Lia Krusin-Elbaum ,  Robert Benjamin Laibowitz ,  George Anthony Sai-Halasz ,  Yuan-Chen Sun ,  Matthew Robert Wordeman

IPC分类号： H01L3900

CPC分类号： H01L29/4966 ,  H01L29/437 ,  Y10S505/873

摘要： In a Field Effect Transistor (FET) with a semiconductor channel the use of a high Tc oxide superconductor material in the gate electrode provides both control of parasitic resistance and capacitance and a proper work function when operated at a temperature below the Tc. The 1-2-3 compound oxide superconductors with the general formula Y1Ba2Cu3O7-y where y is approximately 0.1 have the ability in use in FET's to provide convenient work functions, low resistance and capacitance, and to withstand temperatures encountered in processing as the FET is being manufactured.

摘要翻译： 在具有半导体通道的场效应晶体管（FET）中，栅电极中使用高Tc氧化物超导体材料在低于Tc的温度下工作时，提供寄生电阻和电容的控制以及适当的功函数。 具有通式Y1Ba2Cu3O7-y的1-2-3复合氧化物超导体，其中y约为0.1具有在FET中使用的能力，以提供方便的工作功能，低电阻和电容，并且能够承受处理中遇到的温度，因为FET为 被制造。

公开(公告)号：US5770826A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-23

申请号：US644884

申请日：1996-05-10

申请人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien ,  Curtis E. Farrell

发明人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien ,  Curtis E. Farrell

IPC分类号： C08G73/10 ,  G02F1/1337 ,  C07C1/00 ,  C07F1/00 ,  G02F1/1339

CPC分类号： G02F1/13378 ,  G02F1/133723 ,  G02F2001/133738 ,  G02F2001/133742

摘要： We have found that liquid crystals can be aligned on a polyimide surface exposed to a low energy and neutral Argon ion beam. The energy of the incident ions were varied between 75 and 500 eV, the integrated current density from 100 .mu.A/cm.sup.2 to 500 mA/cm.sup.2, and the angle of incidence over which alignment was measured was between 10 and 20 degrees. The pretilt angle of the liquid crystals could be varied between 0 and 8 degrees, by controlling the processing conditions. Degradation of the polyimide, which leads to charge migration, can be avoided by operating at low accelerating voltages.

摘要翻译： 我们发现液晶可以在暴露于低能量和中性氩离子束的聚酰亚胺表面上排列。 入射离子的能量在75和500eV之间变化，积分电流密度从100μA/ cm 2到500mA / cm 2，并且测量到哪个取向的入射角在10到20度之间。 通过控制处理条件，液晶的预倾角可以在0和8度之间变化。 通过在低加速电压下工作可以避免导致电荷迁移的聚酰亚胺的降解。

公开(公告)号：US20090316096A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-24

申请号：US12548929

申请日：2009-08-27

申请人： Alessandro Cesare Callegari ,  Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Patrick Doyle ,  Eileen Galligan ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien

发明人： Alessandro Cesare Callegari ,  Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Patrick Doyle ,  Eileen Galligan ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien

IPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  C23C14/04 ,  G02F1/13

CPC分类号： G02F1/133753 ,  G02F1/13378 ,  G02F1/133788

摘要： The present invention includes a method of preparing a dry deposited liquid-crystal alignment layer using one of a mechanical mask, photo-resist, UV treatment, and ridge and fringe field methods. The present invention further provides a multi-domain, wide viewing angle liquid-crystal display, comprising: a bottom substrate; a first transparent conductive layer; a top substrate; a color filter layer; a second transparent conductive layer; a first dry deposited liquid-crystal alignment layer; a second dry deposited liquid-crystal alignment layer, the second dry deposited liquid-crystal alignment layer being spaced adjacent to and facing the first dry deposited liquid-crystal alignment layer; spacers; and a liquid-crystal material. Each of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is divided into a plurality of pixels each having a boundary and at least two domains and the domains of each of the multi-domain, dry deposited liquid-crystal alignment layers is obtained by a method selected from the group consisting of: a mechanical mask, photo-resist, UV treatment, and ridge and fringe field. The multi-domain, wide viewing angle liquid-crystal display of the present invention can be operated in the in-plane switching mode, which results in reduced image sticking.

摘要翻译： 本发明包括使用机械掩模，光致抗蚀剂，UV处理，脊和边缘场方法之一制备干沉积液晶取向层的方法。 本发明还提供一种多域宽视角液晶显示器，包括：底部基板; 第一透明导电层; 顶层基材; 滤色器层; 第二透明导电层; 第一干沉积液晶取向层; 第二干沉积液晶取向层，第二干沉积液晶取向层与第一干沉积液晶取向层相邻并面对; 间隔物 和液晶材料。 第一取向层和第二取向膜中的每一个被分成多个具有边界和至少两个畴的像素，并且通过方法获得每个多畴的干沉积液晶取向层的畴 选自由机械掩模，光致抗蚀剂，UV处理，以及脊和边缘区组成的组。 本发明的多视域宽视角液晶显示器可以在面内切换模式下操作，这导致图像残留减少。

公开(公告)号：US06195146B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-27

申请号：US09067574

申请日：1998-04-28

申请人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien

发明人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien

IPC分类号： G02F11337

CPC分类号： G02F1/13378 ,  G02F1/133723 ,  G02F2001/133738 ,  G02F2001/133742

摘要： A liquid crystal display cell is includes a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer of liquid crystal molecules disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first alignment layer disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer; and a second alignment layer disposed between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer; wherein a surface of at least one alignment layer is bombarded by a particle beam of an adjustable energy using a voltage less than 200 V so that the liquid crystal molecules proximate the surface are induced to a predetermined pretilt angle.

摘要翻译： 液晶显示单元包括第一基板; 第二基板; 设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶分子的液晶层; 设置在所述第一基板和所述液晶层之间的第一取向层; 以及设置在所述第二基板和所述液晶层之间的第二取向层; 其中至少一个取向层的表面由小于200V的电压的可调节能量的粒子束轰击，使得靠近该表面的液晶分子被诱导到预定的倾斜角。

公开(公告)号：US06593586B2

公开(公告)日：2003-07-15

申请号：US09930934

申请日：2001-08-16

申请人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  Eileen Ann Galligan ,  James Patrick Doyle ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien ,  Hiroki Nakano ,  Minhua Lu

发明人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  Eileen Ann Galligan ,  James Patrick Doyle ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien ,  Hiroki Nakano ,  Minhua Lu

IPC分类号： G02F11337

CPC分类号： G02F1/13378 ,  G02F1/133723

摘要： A method is disclosed for forming an alignment layer for use in a liquid crystal cell layer for use in a liquid crystal cell using an ion beam source that includes the steps of: (1) providing a substrate having a surface; (2) providing an ion beam source that emanates an ion beam; (3) providing a mask layer disposed between the substrate surface and the ion beam source. The mask layer has at least two openings disposed between the ion beam source and the substrate surface. The shape and position of the openings reduce the irregularity of the beam exposure in a border region on the surface of the substrate resulting from the ion beam source. The present invention may be used in conjunction with substrate treatment using multiple sweeps with a single ion beam source, or with a substrate treatment using a single sweep with multiple ion beam sources. Also disclosed is an apparatus for practicing the disclosed method.

公开(公告)号：US6061114A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-09

申请号：US27997

申请日：1998-02-23

申请人： Alessandro Cesare Callegari ,  Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Patrick Doyle ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chin Alan Lien ,  Sampath Purushothaman ,  Mahesh Govind Samant ,  James L. Speidell ,  Joachim Stohr

发明人： Alessandro Cesare Callegari ,  Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Patrick Doyle ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chin Alan Lien ,  Sampath Purushothaman ,  Mahesh Govind Samant ,  James L. Speidell ,  Joachim Stohr

IPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/133 ,  G02F1/141

CPC分类号： G02F1/13378

摘要： Bombardment of the surface of a substrate with a film layer is used to create alignment layers for liquid crystal displays. By using bombardment of the surface at an angle, both direct creation of the alignment layer or indirect deposition of the alignment layer material onto a glass plate can be achieved.

摘要翻译： 使用具有膜层的基板的表面轰击以产生用于液晶显示器的取向层。 通过以一定的角度轰击表面，可以实现直接产生取向层或将取向层材料间接沉积到玻璃板上。

公开(公告)号：US06724449B1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-20

申请号：US09536016

申请日：2000-03-27

申请人： Paul Stephen Andry ,  Chen Cai ,  Kevin Kok Chan ,  Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Patrick Doyle ,  Eileen Ann Galligan ,  Richard Allen John ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien

发明人： Paul Stephen Andry ,  Chen Cai ,  Kevin Kok Chan ,  Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Patrick Doyle ,  Eileen Ann Galligan ,  Richard Allen John ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien

IPC分类号： G02F11337

CPC分类号： G02F1/133734 ,  G02F1/133707 ,  G02F2001/133742

摘要： A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a dry alignment film deposited over the substrate, a second substrate coupled to the first substrate with the dry alignment film deposited over the second substrate therebetween and forming a cell gap, and a liquid crystal material formed in the cell gap. The dry alignment film allows for a truly vertical alignment of molecules of the liquid crystal material such that the molecules form an angle of substantially 90° relative to the substrate. The dry alignment film can be an oxide layer, a nitride layer, an oxynitride layer or a silicon layer. This dry alignment layer can be treated to form a tilted homeotropic alignment, such that the liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle of 0.5 to 10 degrees from a substrate normal direction. The truly vertical alignment process can be incorporated with a ridge and fringe field process method to form a multidomain Vertical Alignment (VA) Liquid Crystal Display's (LCDs) which have wide viewing angles.

摘要翻译： 一种液晶显示装置，包括：第一基板，沉积在基板上的干定向膜;第二基板，其耦合到第一基板，其中干取向膜沉积在其上的第二基板上并形成单元间隙;以及形成液晶材料 在细胞间隙。 干定向膜允许液晶材料的分子的真正垂直取向，使得分子相对于基底形成大致90°的角度。 干取向膜可以是氧化物层，氮化物层，氧氮化物层或硅层。 可以对该干取向层进行处理以形成倾斜的垂直取向，从而使液晶分子相对于基板法线方向具有0.5〜10度的预倾角。 真正的垂直对准过程可以结合脊和边缘场处理方法来形成具有宽视角的多畴垂直取向（VA）液晶显示器（LCD）。

公开(公告)号：US6124914A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-26

申请号：US644788

申请日：1996-05-10

申请人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien

发明人： Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chih Alan Lien

IPC分类号： C08G73/10 ,  G02F1/1337

CPC分类号： G02F1/13378 ,  G02F1/133753

摘要： A method of generating a patterned alignment direction on an alignment surface for a liquid crystal display cell is described. The cell is formed by forming a first alignment direction on an alignment surface, such as a polyimide surface of the cell. A second alignment direction is formed on the alignment surface. The first and second alignment directions are formed by a variety of sequences of treatments. An example of a first sequence is a first step of rubbing the alignment surface and thereafter a second step of selectively exposing (preferably using a mask) the alignment surface to a treatment selected from the group of exposure to electromagnetic radiation and exposure to a particle beam. Another example of a sequence is a first step of exposing the alignment surface to a treatment selected from the group of electromagnetic radiation and a particle beam thereafter selectively exposing (preferably through a mask) the alignment surface to another particle beam.

摘要翻译： 描述了在用于液晶显示单元的取向表面上产生图案化取向方向的方法。 通过在诸如电池的聚酰亚胺表面的取向表面上形成第一取向方向来形成电池。 第二对准方向形成在对准面上。 第一和第二取向方向由各种处理顺序形成。 第一序列的示例是摩擦对准表面的第一步骤，之后是将对准表面选择性地暴露（优选使用掩模）到选自暴露于电磁辐射和暴露于粒子束的处理的第二步骤 。 序列的另一示例是将对准表面暴露于选自电磁辐射组的处理的第一步骤，然后粒子束选择性地（优选通过掩模）将对准表面暴露于另一粒子束。

公开(公告)号：US6020946A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-01

申请号：US28018

申请日：1998-02-23

申请人： Alessandro Cesare Callegari ,  Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Patrick Doyle ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chin Alan Lien ,  Sampath Purushothaman ,  Mahesh Govind Samant ,  James L. Speidell ,  Joachim Stohr

发明人： Alessandro Cesare Callegari ,  Praveen Chaudhari ,  James Patrick Doyle ,  James Andrew Lacey ,  Shui-Chin Alan Lien ,  Sampath Purushothaman ,  Mahesh Govind Samant ,  James L. Speidell ,  Joachim Stohr

IPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  C07C1/00

CPC分类号： G02F1/13378 ,  G02F1/133734 ,  G02F2001/133765

摘要： The present invention is a method for forming a liquid-crystal cell of a liquid-crystal display. Initially, a dry processed alignment film is deposited onto a first transparent substrate using a dry processing technique, such as plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The dry processed alignment film is then irradiated with a beam of atoms to arrange the atomic structure of the alignment film in at least one desired direction in order to orient the liquid-crystal molecules. Another dry processed alignment film is deposited on a second substrate using a dry processing technique and, likewise, irradiated with a beam of atoms. The first transparent substrate and the second substrate are then sandwiched together with their respective alignment films spaced adjacent to each other. The space between the films is then filled with a liquid-crystal material.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种形成液晶显示器的液晶元件的方法。 首先，使用诸如等离子体增强化学气相沉积（PECVD）的干法处理技术将干燥处理的取向膜沉积到第一透明基板上。 然后用原子束照射干燥处理的取向膜，以将取向膜的原子结构设置在至少一个所需方向上，以便使液晶分子取向。 使用干法处理技术将另一干燥处理的取向膜沉积在第二基板上，并且同样用原子束照射。 然后将第一透明基板和第二基板夹在一起，并将它们各自的定向膜彼此间隔开。 然后用液晶材料填充膜之间的空间。