摘要:
A ceramic material has a perovskite structure and is represented by formula of (1−x)ABO3-xYZO3. In the formula, “x” is a real number that is greater than 0 and is less than 1 each of “A,” “B,” “Y,” and “Z” is one or more kinds selected from a plurality of metal ions M other than a Pb ion and alkali metal ions, “A” is bivalent, “B” is tetravalent, “Y” is trivalent or combination of trivalent metal ions, and “Z” is bivalent and/or trivalent metal ions, or a bivalent and/or pentavalent metal ions.
摘要:
Piezoelectric/electrostrictive ceramics having the composition represented by the general formula: xBNT-yBKT-zBT (x+y+z=1) are provided, wherein at least one kind among A-site elements are allowed to become deficient from stoichiometry in which a point (x, y, z) representing content ratios x, y and z of (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3, (Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3 and BaTiO3 is within a range including a border line of a quadrangle ABCD with a point A, a point B, a point C and a point D as vertices in a ternary phase diagram. Vacancies are formed in an A-site of a perovskite structure by allowing the A-site elements to become deficient from stoichiometry. An amount of A-site vacancies becomes at least 2 mol % to at most 6 mol %.
摘要翻译:提供具有由通式xBNT-yBKT-zBT(x + y + z = 1)表示的组成的压电/电致伸缩陶瓷,其中A位元素中的至少一种因化学计量而变得不足,其中a (Bi1 / 2Na1 / 2)TiO3,(Bi1 / 2K1 / 2)TiO3和BaTiO3的含量比x,y和z的点(x,y,z)在包括四边形ABCD的边界线 点A,点B,点C和点D作为三元相位图中的顶点。 通过使A位元素从化学计量学上变得缺陷,在钙钛矿结构的A位形成空位。 A位空位量变为至少2mol%至至多6mol%。
摘要:
[Object] To provide piezoelectric/electrostrictive ceramics and a piezoelectric/electrostrictive element with a large electric field-induced strain without performing an aging treatment.[Solving Means] Piezoelectric/electrostrictive ceramics have the composition represented by the general formula: xBNT-yBKT-zBT (x+y+z=1) wherein at least one kind among A-site elements are allowed to become deficient from stoichiometry in which a point (x, y, z) representing content ratios x, y and z of (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3, (Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3 and BaTiO3 is within a range (also including a border line) of a quadrangle ABCD with a point A, a point B, a point C and a point D as vertices in a ternary phase diagram. Vacancies are formed in an A-site of a perovskite structure by allowing the A-site elements to become deficient from stoichiometry. An amount of A-site vacancies becomes at least 2 mol % to at most 6 mol %.
摘要:
Provided is a valve timing control apparatus that allows relaxation of manufacturing precision of a driving-side rotary member and a driven-side rotary member and that achieves space saving at the same time. An urging member includes at least one trough-folded portion and at least one crest-folded portion, one end side contact portion formed between one terminal end of the urging member and the trough-folded portion and coming into contact with a sealing element, and other end side contact portion formed between the other terminal end of the urging member and the crest-folded portion and coming into contact with a partitioning portion. In association with urging of the urging member, the distance between the one end side contact portion and the other end side contact portion along the urging direction is decreased and the angles of the trough-folded portion and the crest-folded portion are decreased.
摘要:
A variable valve timing control apparatus, includes a drive-side rotary member, a driven-side rotary member, a partition portion arranged at least one of the drive-side rotary member and the driven-side rotary member to partition a fluid pressure chamber into an advanced angle chamber and a retarded angle chamber, a seal member arranged at a portion of the partition portion, which faces the other one of the drive-side rotary member and the driven-side rotary member, the seal member avoiding a hydraulic fluid from leaking between the advanced angle chamber and the retarded angle chamber, and a biasing member biasing the seal member, wherein at least one of the partition portion and a facing surface of the other one of the drive-side rotary member and the driven-side rotary member facing the partition portion is defined by an inclined surface of a tapered portion.
摘要:
A fender supporting structure of a two-wheeled motor vehicle capable of securing the rigidity of a mounting portion of a front fender and the rigidity of the entire front fender is provided, without enlarging the outer shape of the front fender more than necessary. In a fender supporting structure of a two-wheeled motor vehicle including a fender formed in an arc shape along the shape of a wheel, and a fender supporting member on which the fender is mounted from under the fender supporting member so as to cover an area above the wheel, at least two mounting surfaces at different levels in height are formed on the fender, at least two mounting surfaces at different levels in height are formed on the fender supporting member, and the fender is joined to the fender supporting member with these mounting surfaces.
摘要:
An anti-reflection structure; includes: a plurality of convex parts arranged at pitches each of which is shorter than a wave length of a visible light ray, each of the convex parts being formed into one of a substantially truncated cone and a substantially truncated pyramid, each including: i) a base face formed into one of a base circle and a base polygon inscribed in the base circle, a) the base circle and b) the base circle circumscribing about the base polygon each having a base diameter Db meeting the following expression: 100 nm
摘要翻译:防反射结构; 包括:多个以间隔布置的凸起部分,每个凸起部分比可见光线的波长短,每个凸起部分形成为基本上截头圆锥体和基本上截头圆锥体中的一个,每个包括:i) 基底形成为基圆内嵌的基圆和基部多边形之一,a)基圆,b)围绕基底多边形限定的基圆,其基底直径Db满足以下表达式:100nm < Db <380nm,ii)形成为上圆的内圆和上多边形之一的上表面,a)上圆,b)围绕上多边形的上圆,每个上多边形具有上直径Du 以下表达式:5nm
摘要:
An anti-reflection structure; includes: a plurality of convex parts arranged at pitches each of which is shorter than a wave length of a visible light ray, each of the convex parts being formed into one of a substantially truncated cone and a substantially truncated pyramid, each including: i) a base face formed into one of a base circle and a base polygon inscribed in the base circle, a) the base circle and b) the base circle circumscribing about the base polygon each having a base diameter Db meeting the following expression: 100 nm
摘要翻译:防反射结构; 包括:多个以间隔布置的凸起部分,每个凸起部分比可见光线的波长短,每个凸起部分形成为基本上截头圆锥体和基本上截头圆锥体中的一个,每个包括:i) 基底形成为基圆内嵌的基圆和基部多边形之一,a)基圆,b)围绕基底多边形限定的基圆,其基底直径Db满足以下表达式:100nm < Db <380nm,ii)形成为上圆的内圆和上多边形之一的上表面,a)上圆,b)围绕上多边形的上圆,每个上多边形具有上直径Du 以下表达式:5nm
摘要:
A method for the two-step catalytic hydrogenation treatment of a heavy hydrocarbon oil which comprisesfirst contacting the heavy hydrocarbon oil with a first solid catalyst comprising a metal component having catalytic activity for hydrogenation supported on a zeolite having catalytic activity for cracking a hydrocarbon, said zeolite having a (i) pore size distribution curve with two peaks, one peak in the range of 5 to 50 nm pore diameter and the other peak in the range of 50 to 1000 nm pore diameter and (ii) the volume of the pores having a diameter of 100 nm or larger is at least 0.05 ml/g; andthen contacting the heavy hydrocarbon oil which had been contacted with said first catalyst, with a second catalyst, said second catalyst having hydrogenation activity and which is different from said first catalyst.
摘要:
A water repellent film (200) according to the present invention includes a first layer (10) having a plurality of fine protrusions (100) on the surface thereof, a second layer (20) covering the fine protrusions (100) and having a water repellent property, and a third layer (30) provided on the surface of the first layer (10) on the opposite side of the fine protrusions (100). When a modulus of elasticity of the first layer (10) is defined as E1, a modulus of elasticity of the second layer (20) is defined as E2, and a modulus of elasticity of the third layer (30) is defined as E3, a definition of E2>E1>E3 is fulfilled. Accordingly, the water repellent film having excellent resistance to abrasion in which a fine structure is not easily abraded and damaged by an external friction force or the like can be obtained.