摘要:
Alkanediol bisacetals useful as surface-active substances for industrial purposes, in particular in washing and cleaning agents, have the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl or alkenyl of from 6 to 30 carbon atoms,A is 1,2-alkylene of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms,m is from 0 to 50,within each of the pairs R.sup.1, A and m the meanings being identical or different, andn is from 2 to 20.
摘要:
Glycerol aminocarboxylates of the formula ##STR1## where n is from 0 to 10 andR is ##STR2## where L is iminodiacetate, aspartate, glutamate, sarcosinate, glycinate, serinate, hydroxyaspartate, ethanolaminoacetate, diethanolamino, alanate or taurinate andX is hydrogen, an alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium,are prepared by esterifying glycerol or polyglycerols which contain up to 10 glycerol units with maleic anhydride or itaconic anhydride and addition of compound L-H where L is as defined above to the double bonds of the esters, and are used as complexing agents.
摘要:
Long-chain alkylglucosides are purified by extraction with water from reaction mixtures obtainable by reacting monosaccharides and alcohols of 8 or more carbon atoms or by transacetalating short-chain alkylglucosides with alcohols of 8 or more carbon atoms, adjusted to a pH above 6 in either case.
摘要:
The use of endgroup-capped fatty amide alkoxylates I R.sup.1 --CO--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --O--(AO).sub.x --R.sup.2(I) where R.sup.1 is C.sub.5 -C.sub.21 -alkyl or -alkenyl, R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, A is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene, n is 2 or 3, and x has a value from 1 to 6, as nonionic surfactants or emulsifiers in detergents, cleaners or body care compositions, as surface-active substances for industrial applications in electroplating, in the photographic industry, in petroleum production, in the pharmaceutical industry, in plant feeding and in crop protection formulations, and as surface-active substances in the production of emulsions and pigment and plastic dispersions.
摘要:
Polyacetals obtainable by reaction of(a) a dialdehyde of the formulaOHC--A.sub.n --CHO whereA=C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylene or ##STR1## and n is 0 or 1, is reacted with(b) a polycarboxylic acid of 5 to 7 carbon atoms which contains not less than 3 OH groups,in a molar ratio (a):(b) of 1:0.25 to 4 in an aqueous medium in the presence of an acid catalyst, are used as additives in washing agents and as complexing agents for heavy metal ions.
摘要:
Copolymers of hydroxyalkyl vinyl ethers are obtainable by cationic or free radical copolymerization of(a) from 99 to 1% by weight of a hydroxyalkyl vinyl ether,(b) from 1 to 99% by weight of an adduct of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene oxide with a hydroxyalkyl vinyl ether and(c) from 0 to 98% by weight of other copolymerizable monomers,and the stated copolymer and hydroxyalkyl vinyl ethers polymerized by cationic or free radical polymerization, which contain the monomers (a) or (b) as sole monomers or as a mixture with other copolymerizable monomers in the form of polymerized units, are used as additives for detergents and cleaning agents in amounts of from 0.1 to 50% by weight.
摘要:
Fatty acid derivatives based on epoxidized unsaturated fatty acid esters or triglycerides and reacted with amines such as hydroxy- and/or amino-substituted hydrophilic amines or amino acids and/or with alkanols or with water on the epoxy group and/or the carboxylic ester groups are described. These fatty amides are suitable as surfactants in detergents and cleaners.
摘要:
Fatty acid derivatives based on epoxidized unsaturated fatty acid esters or triglycerides and reacted with amines such as hydroxy- and/or amino-substituted hydrophilic amines or amino acids and/or with alkanols or with water on the epoxy group and/or the carboxylic ester groups are described. These fatty amides are suitable as surfactants in detergents and cleaners.
摘要:
Substituted glucosides I(Glu.sub.m --R.sup.1)R.sub.n.sup.2 Iwhere Glu is a glucose unit, R.sup.1 is C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 -alkyl held by an acetal bond, R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or arylmethyl held by an ether bond, m is a mean value from 1 to 10 and n is a mean value from 0.1 to 2 m.
摘要:
.beta.-Alaninediacetic acid (Ia) or its alkali metal or ammonium salts (Ib) are prepared by a process in which iminodiacetic acid and acrylic acid(a) for the preparation of Ia, are reacted with one another in a nonbasic aqueous medium and(b) for the preparation of Ib, are reacted with one another in an alkaline aqueous medium or an aqueous medium containing a nitrogen base, or the Ia formed in the nonbasic medium is converted with an alkali metal base, ammonia or an amine into Ib.