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    Integrated power module
    1.
    发明授权
    Integrated power module 失效
    集成电源模块

    公开(公告)号：US6033793A

    公开(公告)日：2000-03-07

    申请号：US32625

    申请日：1998-02-27

    申请人： Richard R. Woods ,  Leonard Greiner ,  David Moard

    发明人： Richard R. Woods ,  Leonard Greiner ,  David Moard

    IPC分类号： F23D11/00 ,  F02P13/00 ,  F23D11/44 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23Q3/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/12 ,  H01M8/14 ,  H01M8/24 ,  B01D53/22 ,  C25B1/02 ,  F02P1/00

    CPC分类号： F23D11/443 ,  F23D14/22 ,  H01M8/0625 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/247 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  H01M2300/0074 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  Y02E60/526 ,  Y02P70/56

    摘要： An integrated power module for generating thermal and electrical power is provided within a housing which includes inlets for fuel and for air, a reformer chamber, a fuel cell stack, and a combustion chamber. Oxygen-containing gas, such as air, is introduced into the module along a path in one direction in heat exchange relationship with reaction products produced in the reaction chamber traveling in an adjacent path, preferably in an opposite direction, to preheat the incoming oxygen-containing gas. A nozzle having an injector for the fuel and for the oxygen-containing gas delivers these gases to the interior of the reformer chamber, where ignition is supplied by a suitable device. The reaction products from the reformer chamber are fed to a fuel cell which will consume certain of the reaction products, such as hydrogen gas, with oxygen provided from the reaction chamber acting as an oxidizing gas. Exchange between a cathode and an anode will effect the generation of current, as well as the production of water, which normally will be absorbed as steam and passed from the fuel cell. The current generated by the fuel cell can be delivered externally to a user, while hydrogen may be combusted downstream in the combustion chamber to provide an added thermal energy source for heating. In alternate embodiments of the power module, the fuel cell is used as a shift reactor and hydrogen purification device. The primary product of this module is purified hydrogen gas, in additional to heat.

    摘要翻译： 在包括用于燃料和空气的入口，重整器室，燃料电池堆和燃烧室的壳体内设置有用于产生热和电力的集成电力模块。 含氧气体，例如空气，沿着与反应室中产生的反应产物在相邻路径中优选相反方向上产生的反应产物在一个方向上的路径被引入到模块中，以预热进入的氧气 - 含气。 具有用于燃料和含氧气体的喷射器的喷嘴将这些气体输送到重整器室的内部，其中点火由合适的装置供应。 来自重整器室的反应产物进料到燃料电池中，该燃料电池将消耗某些反应产物，例如氢气，用作为氧化气体的反应室提供的氧气。 阴极和阳极之间的交换将影响电流的产生以及水的产生，这通常将作为蒸汽吸收并从燃料电池通过。 由燃料电池产生的电流可以向外部输送给用户，而氢气可以在燃烧室的下游燃烧，以提供加热用的热能源。 在功率模块的替代实施例中，燃料电池用作变换反应器和氢气净化装置。 该模块的主要产品是除了热量之外的纯化氢气。

    Apparatus and method for decreasing nitrogen oxide emissions from internal combustion power sources
    2.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for decreasing nitrogen oxide emissions from internal combustion power sources 失效
    减少内燃源氮氧化物排放的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5299536A

    公开(公告)日：1994-04-05

    申请号：US997450

    申请日：1992-12-28

    申请人： David Moard ,  Leonard Greiner

    发明人： David Moard ,  Leonard Greiner

    IPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B43/10 ,  F02M25/12 ,  F02B43/08

    CPC分类号： C01B3/363 ,  F02B43/10 ,  F02M25/12 ,  F02B1/04 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02T10/121 ,  Y02T10/32 ,  Y10S123/12

    摘要： Apparatus is disclosed herein for reducing engine nitrogen oxide emissions by mixing hydrogen prepared from a portion of engine fuel within a simple burner. The apparatus includes a burner having an internal combustion chamber for receiving either a portion of gaseous fuel or liquid fuel for mixture with air and subsequent ignition by a spark plug. A mixing chamber is included having a series of baffles against which injected air and fuel vapor impinge causing thorough and complete air/fuel blending into a mixture subsequently ignited and burned, and then discharged into the combustion chamber of the engine itself. A preheating arrangement is provided for raising the temperature of the air/fuel mixture via a heat exchanging process with the combusted gases in the combustion chamber.

    摘要翻译： 本文公开了用于通过将简单燃烧器中的一部分发动机燃料制备的氢混合来减少发动机氮氧化物排放的装置。 该装置包括一个燃烧器，该燃烧器具有用于接收一部分气体燃料或液体燃料以与空气混合并随后通过火花塞点火的内部燃烧室。 包括混合室，其具有一系列挡板，喷射的空气和燃料蒸气撞击，导致彻底和完整的空气/燃料混合到混合物中，随后点燃和燃烧，然后排放到发动机本身的燃烧室中。 提供了预热装置，用于通过与燃烧室中的燃烧气体的热交换过程来提高空气/燃料混合物的温度。

    Apparatus and method for decreasing nitrogen oxide emissions from internal combustion power sources
    3.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for decreasing nitrogen oxide emissions from internal combustion power sources 失效
    减少内燃源氮氧化物排放的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5441546A

    公开(公告)日：1995-08-15

    申请号：US148472

    申请日：1993-11-08

    申请人： David Moard ,  Leonard Greiner

    发明人： David Moard ,  Leonard Greiner

    IPC分类号： F02C7/224 ,  C10G9/04 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B47/02 ,  F02C7/232 ,  F02M25/12 ,  F02M33/00 ,  F02M53/02 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23D14/66 ,  F23L7/00 ,  F23R3/28

    CPC分类号： F23C6/04 ,  F02B47/02 ,  F02M25/0225 ,  F02M25/12 ,  F02M53/02 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23D14/66 ,  F23L7/002 ,  F02B3/06 ,  Y02E20/348 ,  Y02T10/121

    摘要： Apparatus is disclosed herein for reducing engine nitrogen oxide emissions by mixing hydrogen prepared from a portion or all of engine fuel within a simple burner. The apparatus includes an insulated burner having an internal combustion chamber for receiving either a portion of or all the gaseous fuel or liquid fuel for mixture with air and subsequent ignition by a spark plug. The chamber is within a feed preheater assembly. A mixing chamber is included having a series of baffles against which injected air and fuel vapor impinge causing thorough and complete air/fuel blending into a mixture subsequently ignited and burned, and then discharged into the combustion chamber of the engine itself. The pre-heating assembly raises the temperature of the incoming air/fuel mixture via a heat exchanging process with post combusted gases from the combustion chamber. The apparatus improves operability and performs by conserving energy by insulating the total burner, placing the burner section within the feed preheater assembly, and locating the feed mixture flow of the preheater adjacent to the outer insulation; and hydrogen output may be increased by reaction between carbon monoxide and water produced by the main reaction or added separately.

    摘要翻译： 本文公开了用于通过将由一部分或全部发动机燃料制备的氢混合在简单燃烧器内来减少发动机氮氧化物排放的装置。 该设备包括具有内燃室的绝热燃烧器，该内燃室用于接收气体燃料或液体燃料的一部分或全部与空气混合并随后通过火花塞点火。 腔室在进料预热器组件内。 包括混合室，其具有一系列挡板，喷射的空气和燃料蒸气撞击，导致彻底和完整的空气/燃料混合到混合物中，随后点燃和燃烧，然后排放到发动机本身的燃烧室中。 预热组件通过与来自燃烧室的后燃烧气体的热交换过程来提高进入的空气/燃料混合物的温度。 该设备通过绝缘总燃烧器，将燃烧器部分放置在进料预热器组件内，并将预热器的进料混合物流定位在外绝缘体附近，从而提高可操作性并执行节能; 并且通过主反应产生的一氧化碳和水之间的反应或单独加入，氢输出可能增加。

    Methanol fuel mixture
    4.
    发明授权
    Methanol fuel mixture 失效
    甲醇燃料混合物

    公开(公告)号：US4932979A

    公开(公告)日：1990-06-12

    申请号：US326410

    申请日：1989-03-20

    申请人： Dale A. Thrasher ,  Leonard Greiner ,  Gordon Cooper

    发明人： Dale A. Thrasher ,  Leonard Greiner ,  Gordon Cooper

    IPC分类号： C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/32

    CPC分类号： C10L1/32 ,  C10L1/02

    摘要： A high performance methanol fuel is described. In the present invention, the methanol fuel is formulated with approximately 3-15% high purity water, resulting in an aqueous fuel whose properties are independent of subsequent condensation of water from the environment. A low concentration dye, in the range of 0.0005 to 0.0020 weight percent, is utilized to impart color to the liquid fuel. In the preferred embodiment, arazine yellow, manufactured by Chem Serv is utilized, and has no noticable effect on fuel properties. A low concentration of alkali metal salts, such as sodium or lithium carbonate, or a low concentration of alkaline earth salts such as calcium or strontium acetate, in the range of 0.0005 to 0.001 weight percent is utilized as a flame colorant. Improved lubricity of the methanol fuel of the present invention is achieved by utilizing a flourosurfactant of about 0.05 percent by weight. In the preferred embodiment, ZONYL manufactured by DUPONT, is utilized. In order to test the effectiveness of the lubricating additive, a simple test in which an electric motor driven pump is used to maintain a constant flow rate of a fuel containing lubricating agent is performed. By measuring the wattage required to maintain the constant pumping rate for a variety of fuels containing different percentages and different compositions of lubricating agents, meaningful comparisons can be achieved.

    摘要翻译： 描述了高性能甲醇燃料。 在本发明中，甲醇燃料用大约3-15％的高纯度水配制，得到一种水性燃料，其特性与随后的水从环境中的冷凝无关。 使用浓度为0.0005至0.0020重量％的低浓度染料来赋予液体燃料颜色。 在优选的实施方案中，使用由Chem Serv制造的黄铜，并且对燃料性质没有明显的影响。 使用低浓度的碱金属盐，例如碳酸钠或碳酸锂，或低浓度的碱土金属盐，如钙或锶醋酸盐，其含量范围为0.0005至0.001重量％，作为火焰着色剂。 通过使用约0.05重量％的表面活性剂来实现本发明的甲醇燃料的改善的润滑性。 在优选实施方案中，使用由DUPONT制造的ZONYL。 为了测试润滑添加剂的有效性，进行简单的试验，其中使用电动机驱动泵来维持含润滑剂的燃料的恒定流量。 通过测量维持各种含有不同百分比和不同组成的润滑剂的各种燃料的恒定泵送速率所需的瓦数，可以实现有意义的比较。

    Emissions reduction system for internal combustion engines
    6.
    发明授权
    Emissions reduction system for internal combustion engines 失效
    内燃机减排系统

    公开(公告)号：US5207185A

    公开(公告)日：1993-05-04

    申请号：US858840

    申请日：1992-03-27

    申请人： Leonard Greiner ,  David M. Moard

    发明人： Leonard Greiner ,  David M. Moard

    IPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B43/10 ,  F02M25/12

    CPC分类号： C01B3/363 ,  F02B43/10 ,  F02M25/12 ,  F02B1/04 ,  Y02T10/121 ,  Y02T10/32 ,  Y10S123/12

    摘要： Apparatus is disclosed herein for reducing engine nitrogen oxide emissions by mixing hydrogen prepared from a portion of engine fuel within a simple burner. The apparatus includes a burner having an internal combustion chamber for receiving either a portion of gaseous fuel or liquid fuel for mixture with air and subsequent ignition by a spark plug. A mixing chamber is included having a series of baffles against which injected air and fuel vapor impinge causing thorough and complete air/fuel blending into a mixture subsequently ignited and burned, and then discharged into the combustion chamber of the engine itself.

    摘要翻译： 本文公开了用于通过将简单燃烧器中的一部分发动机燃料制备的氢混合来减少发动机氮氧化物排放的装置。 该装置包括一个燃烧器，该燃烧器具有用于接收一部分气体燃料或液体燃料以与空气混合并随后通过火花塞点火的内部燃烧室。 包括混合室，其具有一系列挡板，喷射的空气和燃料蒸气撞击，导致彻底和完整的空气/燃料混合到混合物中，随后点燃和燃烧，然后排放到发动机本身的燃烧室中。

    Cold start characteristics of ethanol as an automobile fuel
    7.
    发明授权
    Cold start characteristics of ethanol as an automobile fuel 失效
    作为汽车燃料的乙醇冷启动特性

    公开(公告)号：US4350133A

    公开(公告)日：1982-09-21

    申请号：US151191

    申请日：1980-05-19

    申请人： Leonard Greiner

    发明人： Leonard Greiner

    IPC分类号： F02B1/02 ,  F02M1/16 ,  F02M31/16 ,  F02N19/04 ,  F02M13/00

    CPC分类号： F02N19/04 ,  F02B1/02 ,  F02M1/16 ,  F02M31/163 ,  Y02T10/126

    摘要： An alcohol fuel burner and decomposer in which one stream of fuel is preheated by passing it through an electrically heated conduit to vaporize the fuel, the fuel vapor is mixed with air, the air-fuel mixture is ignited and combusted, and the combustion gases are passed in heat exchange relationship with a conduit carrying a stream of fuel to decompose the fuel forming a fuel stream containing hydrogen gas for starting internal combustion engines, the mass flow of the combustion gas being increased as it flows in heat exchange relationship with the fuel carrying conduit, is disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 一种酒精燃料燃烧器和分解器，其中通过使一个燃料流通过电加热导管来预热燃料，以蒸发燃料，燃料蒸气与空气混合，空气燃料混合物被点燃和燃烧， 与携带燃料流的导管的热交换关系通过分解形成含有氢气的燃料流的燃料以起动内燃机，燃烧气体的质量流量随着与燃料携带的热交换关系而增加 导管。

    Chemical heat pump
    10.
    发明授权
    Chemical heat pump 失效
    化学热泵

    公开(公告)号：US4441484A

    公开(公告)日：1984-04-10

    申请号：US320332

    申请日：1981-11-12

    申请人： Leonard Greiner

    发明人： Leonard Greiner

    IPC分类号： F24D11/02 ,  F24F5/00 ,  F24J2/04 ,  F24J2/20 ,  F24J2/34 ,  F24J2/46 ,  F24J2/50 ,  F25B17/08 ,  F25B27/00 ,  F25B29/00 ,  F24J3/02

    CPC分类号： F25B29/006 ,  F24D11/0264 ,  F24F5/0046 ,  F24J2/045 ,  F24J2/0477 ,  F24J2/20 ,  F24J2/34 ,  F24J2/4609 ,  F24J2/465 ,  F24J2/50 ,  F25B17/08 ,  F25B27/007 ,  F24J2002/4603 ,  F25B2315/003 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02B10/24 ,  Y02B10/70 ,  Y02B30/126 ,  Y02B30/62 ,  Y02E10/44 ,  Y10S126/904 ,  Y10S126/907

    摘要： A chemical heat pump system is disclosed for use in heating and cooling structures such as residences or commercial buildings. The system is particularly adapted to utilizing solar energy, but also increases the efficiency of other forms of thermal energy when solar energy is not available. When solar energy is not available for relatively short periods of time, the heat storage capacity of the chemical heat pump is utilized to heat the structure, as during nighttime hours. The design also permits home heating from solar energy when the sun is shining. The entire system may be conveniently rooftop located. In order to facilitate intallation on existing structures, the absorber and vaporizer portions of the system may each be designed as flat, thin wall, thin pan vessels which materially increase the surface area available for heat transfer. In addition, this thin, flat configuration of the absorber and its thin walled (and therefore relatively flexible) construction permits substantial expansion and contraction of the absorber material during vaporization and absorption without generating voids which would interfere with heat transfer.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于加热和冷却结构如住宅或商业建筑物的化学热泵系统。 该系统特别适用于利用太阳能，而且当太阳能不可用时也提高其他形式的热能的效率。 当太阳能在相当短的时间内不可用时，化学热泵的蓄热能力被用来加热结构，如在夜间时间。 当太阳照耀时，这种设计还允许家庭从太阳能供暖。 整个系统可以方便地位于屋顶。 为了便于在现有结构上的安装，系统的吸收器和蒸发器部分可以各自被设计为平坦的，薄壁的薄锅容器，其实质上增加可用于传热的表面积。 此外，吸收体的这种薄的扁平结构及其薄壁（因此相对柔性）的构造允许在蒸发和吸收期间吸收体材料的显着膨胀和收缩，而不会产生会干扰热传递的空隙。