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    Synthesis gas from gaseous CO.sub.2 -solid carbonaceous fuel feeds
    3.
    发明授权
    Synthesis gas from gaseous CO.sub.2 -solid carbonaceous fuel feeds 失效
    来自气态CO（HD 2 {B -solid碳质燃料进料）的合成气体

    公开(公告)号：US3976442A

    公开(公告)日：1976-08-24

    申请号：US533908

    申请日：1974-12-18

    申请人： Peter L. Paull ,  Warren G. Schlinger

    发明人： Peter L. Paull ,  Warren G. Schlinger

    IPC分类号： C01B3/02 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J1/00

    CPC分类号： C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10K3/04 ,  C10J2200/158

    摘要： This is an improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas or fuel gas from gaseous CO.sub.2 -solid carbonaceous fuel feeds. A solid carbonaceous fuel such as finely ground coal from a pressurized lock hopper is passed directly into a high pressure high velocity CO.sub.2 -rich gas stream which carries the particles of coal into a free-flow noncatalytic gas generator where by the partial oxidation reaction with a free-oxygen containing gas, preferably in the absence of supplemental H.sub.2 O other than that normally present in the reactants, gaseous mixtures principally comprising H.sub.2, CO, CO.sub.2, and H.sub.2 O are produced. A CO.sub.2 -rich gas stream is recovered downstream in the process and recycled to the pressurized feed system. The CO.sub.2 -rich stream serves as a carrier for the carbonaceous fuel and as a reactant in the reaction zone.

    摘要翻译： 这是用于从气态CO 2固体碳质燃料进料生产合成气或燃料气体的改进的连续部分氧化方法。 来自加压闭锁料斗的精细研磨的煤等固体碳质燃料直接通入高压高速富CO 2气流中，其将煤颗粒带入自由流动的非催化气体发生器中，其中通过部分氧化反应 含有游离氧的气体，优选在不存在辅助H 2 O的情况下，通常存在于反应物中，产生主要包含H 2，CO，CO 2和H 2 O的气态混合物。 在该过程中向下游回收富含CO 2的气流并再循环至加压进料系统。 富CO 2流作为碳质燃料的载体和反应区中的反应物。

    Method of recovery of bitumen from tar sand formations
    4.
    发明授权
    Method of recovery of bitumen from tar sand formations 失效
    从焦油砂层中回收沥青的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4003432A

    公开(公告)日：1977-01-18

    申请号：US578243

    申请日：1975-05-16

    申请人： Peter L. Paull ,  Fontaine C. Armistead

    发明人： Peter L. Paull ,  Fontaine C. Armistead

    IPC分类号： C09K8/62 ,  E21B43/16 ,  E21B43/24 ,  E21B43/22 ,  E21B43/26

    CPC分类号： E21B43/2405 ,  C09K8/62 ,  E21B43/16

    摘要： A competent permeable communication zone connecting injection and production wells completed in a tar sand which communication zone will be rigid and will not tend to slump or heal may be developed by injecting a fluid in the injection well under such pressure so as to fracture the tar sand formation between the injection well and the production well and circulating a fluid between the injection and production wells which is at a temperature sufficiently low to freeze the water in tar sands. The fluid may contain propping agents to hold the fracture surfaces apart. This procedure will rigidify the hydrocarbon portion of the tar sand formation in the vicinity of the fracture zone as well as freeze the water in the tar sand formation. Once the fracture is established a solvent for the hydrocarbon in the tar sands may be circulated preferably at a temperature below the freezing point of the water in the tar sands to extract the bitumen therefrom.

    摘要翻译： 连接注入井和生产井的能力可渗透的通信区域可以在焦油砂中完成，连通区将是刚性的并且不会倾向于坍落或愈合，这可以通过在这样的压力下在注入井中注入流体来开发，以便将焦油砂 在注入井和生产井之间形成并在注入井和生产井之间循环流体，其温度足够低以冻结焦油砂中的水。 流体可以含有支撑剂以将裂缝表面分开。 该方法将硬化裂缝区附近焦油砂层的烃部分，并使焦油砂层中的水冻结。 一旦断裂成立，焦油砂中的烃的溶剂可以优选在低于焦油砂中的水的凝固点的温度下循环，以从其中提取沥青。

    Partial oxidation process
    6.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation process 失效
    部分氧化工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4099383A

    公开(公告)日：1978-07-11

    申请号：US698438

    申请日：1976-06-21

    申请人： Peter L. Paull ,  Rodney McGann

    发明人： Peter L. Paull ,  Rodney McGann

    IPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  F01K23/06 ,  F02C1/05 ,  F02C6/00 ,  F01K27/00

    CPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/485 ,  F01K23/068 ,  F02C1/05 ,  F02C6/00 ,  F25J3/04018 ,  F25J3/04036 ,  F25J3/04109 ,  F25J3/04115 ,  F25J3/04121 ,  F25J3/04539 ,  F25J3/04563 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y02E20/18

    摘要： Sensible heat in the hot effluent gas stream leaving a partial oxidation gas generator for the production of gaseous mixtures comprising H.sub.2 +CO i.e. synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas, is used at maximum temperature to heat a stream of heat transfer fluid preferably comprising a portion of the product gas circulating in a substantially closed loop. The heat transfer fluid serves as the working fluid in a turbine that produces mechanical work, electrical energy, or both. Further, the heat transfer fluid leaving the turbine may be used to preheat hydrocarbonaceous feed and free-oxygen containing gas which is then introduced into the gas generator. Optionally, by-product superheated steam may be produced at high temperature levels for use in the gas generator and as the working fluid in an expansion turbine. The high steam superheat temperatures results in higher conversion efficiencies.

    摘要翻译： 在最高温度下使用离开部分氧化气体发生器的用于生产包含H 2 + CO（即合成气，还原性气体或燃料气体）的气体混合物的热流出气流中的显热，以加热传热流体流，优选包括 一部分产物气体在基本闭合的环路中循环。 传热流体用作产生机械作业，电能或两者的涡轮机中的工作流体。 此外，离开涡轮机的传热流体可用于预热含烃进料和含游离氧的气体，然后将其引入气体发生器。 任选地，副产物过热蒸汽可以在高温水平下生产，用于气体发生器中，并可用作膨胀涡轮机中的工作流体。 高蒸汽过热温度导致更高的转换效率。

    Partial oxidation process
    7.
    发明授权
    Partial oxidation process 失效

    公开(公告)号：US4173254A

    公开(公告)日：1979-11-06

    申请号：US855643

    申请日：1977-11-29

    申请人： Peter L. Paull ,  Rodney McGann

    发明人： Peter L. Paull ,  Rodney McGann

    IPC分类号： F01K3/18 ,  F28F19/00

    CPC分类号： F01K3/185

    摘要： Sensible heat in the hot effluent gas stream leaving a partial oxidation gas generator for the production of raw synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas is used at its maximum temperature to produce a continuous stream of superheated steam at a pressure which may exceed the pressure in the gas generator. The by-product superheated steam may be used as a dispersant or carrier of the fuel feed to the generator or as a temperature moderator. Optionally, a portion of the by-product superheated steam may be used as the working fluid in a turbine to produce mechanical work or electrical energy or both. The high steam superheat temperature results in a higher conversion efficiency. A shell and tube heat exchanger in which a stream of steam or cleaned generator gas is continuously bled from inside the tubes to the outside, or the reverse is employed. The bleed stream mixes with the effluent gas stream passing through the heat exchanger. By this means a continuously flowing protective sheath or curtain of comparatively cooler bleedstream is placed between the surfaces of the tubes and headers, if any, in the heat exchanger and the surrounding hot effluent gas stream from the gas generator, which enters the heat exchanger at maximum temperature. The surfaces of the tubes and headers, if any, are thereby protected against corrosive gas attack and deposits of ash, slag, and soot.

    Waste stream treatment
    8.
    发明授权
    Waste stream treatment 失效
    废物流处理

    公开(公告)号：US4003987A

    公开(公告)日：1977-01-18

    申请号：US591744

    申请日：1975-06-30

    申请人： Peter L. Paull ,  James M. Caffrey, Jr.

    发明人： Peter L. Paull ,  James M. Caffrey, Jr.

    IPC分类号： B01D53/60 ,  C01B17/04 ,  C01B17/76 ,  C01B21/02 ,  C01B17/00 ,  C01B17/82

    CPC分类号： C01B17/76 ,  B01D53/60 ,  C01B17/0486 ,  C01B21/02

    摘要： The effluent streams from utility stack gases containing nitric oxides and sulfur dioxide are entrained with sulfuric acid and carbon monoxide from refinery cracking and other industrial plants and in a sequence of separation and reaction steps nitrogen and carbon dioxide are vented to the atmosphere and regenerated concentrated sulfuric acid and sulfur produced.

    摘要翻译： 来自含有一氧化二氮和二氧化硫的有用堆叠气体的流出物从炼油厂裂解和其他工业装置中吸入硫酸和一氧化碳，并且在分离和反应步骤的序列中，将氮和二氧化碳排放到大气中并再生浓硫酸 产生酸和硫。

    Process for the generation of power from solid carbonaceous fuels
    10.
    发明授权
    Process for the generation of power from solid carbonaceous fuels 失效
    从固体碳质燃料产生电力的过程

    公开(公告)号：US4261167A

    公开(公告)日：1981-04-14

    申请号：US33587

    申请日：1979-04-27

    申请人： Peter L. Paull ,  James R. Muenger ,  William N. Gilmer

    发明人： Peter L. Paull ,  James R. Muenger ,  William N. Gilmer

    IPC分类号： F01K23/02 ,  F02C3/28 ,  F02C6/18 ,  F02B43/08

    CPC分类号： F02C3/28 ,  F02C6/18 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02T50/671

    摘要： A process for the efficient production of power from non-gaseous carbonaceous fuels, such as coal, or heavy fuel oil, in a steam power plant in which the carbonaceous fuel is first gasified at relatively high pressure and temperature by partial oxidation with oxygen to produce a fuel gas, the fuel gas from the partial oxidation reaction is expanded to a lower pressure in a turbine. Undesirable compounds, e.g., sulfur compounds, are removed from the fuel gas, and the fuel gas supplied to a steam boiler for the production of power.The process of this invention provides an effective means for conversion of gas-fired steam generation facilities to coal or heavy fuel oil while at the same time increasing the power generating capacity of the installation, all with minimal atmospheric pollution. The process is effective for the conversion of other types of gas-fired heaters and boilers to coal or heavy fuel oil.

    摘要翻译： 一种在蒸汽动力装置中有效生产来自非气态碳质燃料（例如煤或重质燃料油）的方法，其中碳质燃料首先在较高压力和温度下通过部分氧化氧气气化生产 燃料气体，来自部分氧化反应的燃料气体在涡轮机中膨胀到较低的压力。 从燃料气体中除去不期望的化合物，例如硫化合物，并且将燃料气体供应到蒸汽锅炉以产生动力。 本发明的方法提供了将燃气蒸汽发生设备转换为煤或重质燃料油的有效手段，同时增加了装置的发电能力，全部具有最小的大气污染。 该过程对于将其他类型的燃气加热器和锅炉转化为煤或重质燃料油是有效的。