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公开(公告)号：US4202167A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-13
申请号：US18820
申请日：1979-03-08
CPC分类号： C01B3/48 , F02C3/22 , C01B2203/0255 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/06 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1205 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/146 , Y02E20/16
摘要： An improved method for the generation of power in a combustion gas turbine utilizing fuel gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide in which said fuel gas is subjected to a water gas shift reaction whereby said fuel gas is enriched in both hydrogen and carbon dioxide prior to combustion in said combustion gas turbine. Undesirable nickel compounds contained in said fuel gas are removed and undesirable carbonyl sulfide decomposed by said water gas shift reaction.
摘要翻译： 一种利用包含氢气和一氧化碳的燃料气体在燃烧燃气轮机中产生功率的改进方法，其中所述燃料气体经受水煤气变换反应，由此所述燃料气体在燃烧之前富含氢气和二氧化碳 所述燃气轮机。 除去所述燃料气体中所含的不希望的镍化合物，并通过所述水煤气变换反应分解出不期望的羰基硫化物。
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公开(公告)号：US4490156A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-25
申请号：US422938
申请日：1982-09-24
申请人： Charles P. Marion , William B. Crouch , Albert Brent , George N. Richter , Edward T. Child , Blake Reynolds
发明人： Charles P. Marion , William B. Crouch , Albert Brent , George N. Richter , Edward T. Child , Blake Reynolds
CPC分类号： C10J3/723 , C01B3/32 , C10J3/466 , C10J3/506 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J2200/152 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1846 , Y10S48/10
摘要： A control system for a partial oxidation process for continuously producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas in which process one fuel is replaced by a different fuel without shutting down or depressurizing the gas generator. This multifuel process is not tied to one particular fuel and reacts slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbonaceous fuels. Problems of fuel availability are reduced due to the wide selection of fuels that are suitable for the subject process. A two-section burner having a high turndown feature is employed that comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of tubes positioned in said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of tubes positioned in said annular passage. The downstream ends of said central and/or annular bunches of tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. A control system is provided for switching the type of reactant fuel streams flowing through either one or both sections of the burner. The flow rates of the oxidant, fuel, and temperature moderator streams may also be varied in either one or both sections of the burner, thereby effecting a rapid turndown or turnup of the burner and a change in the production of the effluent gas.
摘要翻译： 一种用于连续生产合成气，燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法的控制系统，其中一种燃料被不同的燃料代替，而不关闭或减压气体发生器。 这种多种方法不与一种特定的燃料相关联，并且反应固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃类燃料的浆料。 由于适用于主题过程的燃料的广泛选择，燃料可用性的问题减少。 使用具有高调节特征的两段式燃烧器，其包括中心导管; 定位在所述中心导管中的中心束管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及定位在所述环形通道中的环形束管。 所述中心和/或环形束束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游退回约0至12的距离，即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍，并且环形出口孔的最小宽度 。 提供了一种控制系统，用于切换流过燃烧器的一个或两个部分的反应物燃料流的类型。 氧化剂，燃料和温度调节剂流的流速也可以在燃烧器的一个或两个部分中变化，从而实现燃烧器的快速调节或升高以及废气的产生的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US4351647A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-28
申请号：US272418
申请日：1981-06-10
申请人： Charles P. Marion , Albert Brent , George N. Richter , William B. Crouch , Edward T. Child , Blake Reynolds
发明人： Charles P. Marion , Albert Brent , George N. Richter , William B. Crouch , Edward T. Child , Blake Reynolds
CPC分类号： C10J3/723 , C01B3/363 , C10J3/506 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , C10J2200/152 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0969 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/1823 , C10J2300/1846 , Y10S48/07 , Y10S48/10
摘要： Disclosed is a partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The burner has a high turndown feature and comprises a central conduit; a central bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said central conduit; an outer conduit coaxial with said central conduit and forming an annular passage therewith; and an annular bunch of parallel tubes that extend longitudinally through said annular passage; and wherein the downstream ends of said central and annular bunches of parallel tubes are respectively retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of about 0 to 12 i.e. 3 to 10 times the minimum diameter of the central exit orifice and the minimum width of the annular exit orifice. Three ranges of flow through the burner may be obtained by using one or both bunches of tubes and their surrounding conduits. Throughput levels may be rapidly changed - up and down - without sacrificing stable operation. Additional mixing of the reactant streams is obtained in one embodiment by providing one or more coaxial cylindrical shaped pre-mix chambers in series in the central conduit and/or one or more annular shaped pre-mix chambers in series in the annular passage.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于由固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料生产合成气，燃料气体或还原气体的部分氧化方法。 燃烧器具有高的调节特征并且包括中心导管; 一束中心的平行管，其纵向延伸穿过所述中心导管; 与所述中心导管同轴并与其形成环形通道的外导管; 以及沿所述环形通道纵向延伸的环形束平行管; 并且其中所述平行管的所述中心和环形束的下游端分别从燃烧器面的上游缩回约0至12的距离，即中心出口孔的最小直径的3至10倍，并且环形出口的最小宽度 孔。 可以通过使用一束或两束管及其周围的导管获得通过燃烧器的三个流量范围。 吞吐量水平可能会快速上升和下降，而不会影响稳定运行。 在一个实施方案中，通过在中心管道中串联提供一个或多个同轴圆柱形的预混合室和/或在环形通道中串联的一个或多个环形预混合室来获得反应物流的额外混合。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4338099A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-06
申请号：US107215
申请日：1979-12-26
申请人： William B. Crouch , George N. Richter , Charles P. Marion , Blake Reynolds , Albert Brent , Edward T. Child
发明人： William B. Crouch , George N. Richter , Charles P. Marion , Blake Reynolds , Albert Brent , Edward T. Child
CPC分类号： C01B3/363 , C10J3/506 , C10J3/723 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , C10J2200/152 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0969 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1823 , C10J2300/1846 , Y10S48/07
摘要： A process for the partial oxidation of pumpable slurries of solid carbonaceous fuels in which the pumpable slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel in a liquid carrier is passed in liquid phase through one passage of a burner comprising a retracted central coaxial conduit, an outer coaxial conduit with a converging orifice at the downstream tip of the burner and, optionally, an intermediate coaxial conduit. The downstream tips of the central conduit and the intermediate conduit, if any, are retracted upstream from the burner face a distance of respectively two or more say 3 to 10 for the central conduit, and about 0 to 12 say 1 to 5 for the intermediate conduit times the minimum diameter of the converging orifice of the outer conduit at the burner tip. A pre-mix zone is thereby provided comprising one or more, say 2 to 5 coaxial pre-mix chambers in series. The free-oxygen containing stream is passed through a separate passage of the burner into the pre-mix zone, in which mixing takes place with the slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel and liquid carrier. From 0 to 100, say about 2 to 80, volume % of the liquid carrier may be vaporized in the pre-mix zone. The multiphase mixture of reactants is then discharged into the reaction zone of the free-flow partial oxidation gas generator by way of the converging orifice of the outer conduit at the burner tip. Synthesis gas, fuel gas, or reducing gas is thereby produced.
摘要翻译： 一种固体碳质燃料的可泵送浆料部分氧化的方法，其中在液体载体中固体碳质燃料的可泵送淤浆通过燃烧器的一个通道通过燃烧器，该燃烧器包括缩回的中心同轴导管， 在燃烧器的下游尖端处的会聚孔口，以及可选的中间同轴导管。 中心导管和中间导管的下游尖端（如果有的话）从燃烧器面的上游缩回，对于中心管道分别为两个或更多的距离，例如3至10，而对于中间管道，约0至12表示1至5 导管乘以燃烧器尖端处的外导管的会聚孔的最小直径。 因此，提供包括一个或多个，例如串联的2至5个同轴预混合室的预混合区。 将含游离氧的料流通过燃烧器的单独通道进入预混合区，其中与固体碳质燃料和液体载体的浆料进行混合。 从0到100，约2至80，液体载体的体积％可能在预混合区中汽化。 然后将反应物的多相混合物通过燃烧器末端处的外导管的会聚孔排出到自由流部分氧化气体发生器的反应区中。 由此制造合成气体，燃料气体或还原性气体。
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5.发明授权Production of purified synthesis gas H.sub.2 -rich gas, and by-product CO.sub.2 -rich gas 失效纯化合成气H'2-R气体和副产物二氧化碳气体的生产
公开(公告)号：US4052176A
公开(公告)日：1977-10-04
申请号：US617630
申请日：1975-09-29
CPC分类号： C01B3/52 , B01D53/1406 , B01D53/1456 , B01D53/1493 , E21B43/164 , E21B43/40 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/049 , Y02C10/06 , Y02P90/70
摘要： A raw synthesis gas feed stream, e.g., gaseous mixtures comprising H.sub.2 and CO and containing gaseous impurities including CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 S, COS, and mixtures thereof (acid gas) and CH.sub.4, optionally in admixture with a CO-rich gas stream produced subsequently in the process, is introduced into a water-gas shift reactor to produce H.sub.2 and CO.sub.2. Acid gases are then removed to produce a stream of purified synthesis gas by contacting the process gas stream with a first liquid solvent absorbent such as methanol, N-methyl-pyrrolidone, or dimethyl ether of polyethylene glycol. An H.sub.2 -rich gas stream may be obtained by removing CO from the purified synthesis gas stream. This may be done by physical absorption in a second liquid solvent absorbent comprising an aqueous solution of cuprous ammonium acetate. By regenerating the second liquid solvent, the aforesaid CO-rich stream may be produced. The first liquid solvent absorbent may be desorbed of said acid gas and regenerated for reuse by such techniques as flashing plus reboiling or stripping. Advantageously, the gas used for stripping the first liquid solvent absorbent may be a portion of the synthesis gas feed either before or after removal of said acid-gas, or a portion of said H.sub.2 -rich product gas. The CO.sub.2 -rich gas optionally in admixture with stripping gas which is produced during the regeneration of said first liquid solvent absorbent may be injected into a subterranean oil reservoir to effect secondary or tertiary recovery of oil. Optionally, H.sub.2 S may be in admixture with said CO.sub.2 -rich gas mixture.
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公开(公告)号：US4371378A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-01
申请号：US212054
申请日：1980-12-03
申请人： Albert Brent , Charles P. Marion , George N. Richter , William B. Crouch , Edward T. Child , Blake Reynolds
发明人： Albert Brent , Charles P. Marion , George N. Richter , William B. Crouch , Edward T. Child , Blake Reynolds
CPC分类号： C10J3/723 , C01B3/363 , C10J3/487 , C10J3/506 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0969 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1823 , C10J2300/1846
摘要： A swirl burner and partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas from slurries of solid carbonaceous fuel and/or liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel. The swirl burner may have pre-mix and/or high turndown features. By means of the burner a first reactant stream is split into a plurality of swirling streams by being passed down through a central bundle of helical tubes. Simultaneously a second reactant stream is split into a plurality of swirling streams by being passed down through a plurality of related passages formed in the cylindrical space that surrounds said central bundle of helical tubes and/or the interstices between the helical tubes. When the two swirling reactant feed streams impinge, either upstream from the face of the burner in a pre-mix zone or downstream from the face of the burner, in the gas generator, they are intimately mixed together. The combustion efficiency of the burner is thereby improved. In another embodiment, the burner includes a coaxial annular bundle of helical tubes surrounding said first conduit and a plurality of related helical passages formed in the annular space occupied by said annular bundle of helical tubes. Flow through the burner may be turned up or down.
摘要翻译： 用于从固体碳质燃料和/或液体或气态烃燃料的浆料中产生合成气，燃料气体或还原气体的旋流燃烧器和部分氧化方法。 旋流燃烧器可以具有预混合和/或高调整功能。 借助于燃烧器，第一反应物流通过向下穿过中心的螺旋管束而被分成多个旋流。 同时，第二反应物流通过向下通过形成在围绕所述中心螺旋管束束的圆柱形空间中的多个相关通道和/或螺旋管之间的间隙而分裂成多个旋流。 当两个旋转的反应物进料流在燃烧器的预混合区域或燃烧器的表面的下游从燃烧器的表面上游到气体发生器中时，它们紧密地混合在一起。 从而提高燃烧器的燃烧效率。 在另一个实施例中，燃烧器包括围绕所述第一管道的同轴环形螺旋管束和形成在所述环形螺旋管束所占据的环形空间中的多个相关螺旋通道。 流经燃烧器的流量可能会上升或下降。
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公开(公告)号：US4353712A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-12
申请号：US272416
申请日：1981-06-10
申请人： Charles P. Marion , Albert Brent , George N. Richter , William B. Crouch , Edward T. Child , Blake Reynolds
发明人： Charles P. Marion , Albert Brent , George N. Richter , William B. Crouch , Edward T. Child , Blake Reynolds
CPC分类号： C10J3/723 , C01B3/363 , C10J3/506 , C10J2200/152 , Y02P20/129 , Y10S48/07
摘要： A method for starting up a partial oxidation gas generator without a separate preheat burner is described. The burner used includes central and annular bunches of parallel tubes that extend through central and annular passages formed by concentric conduits.
摘要翻译： 描述了没有单独的预热燃烧器启动部分氧化气体发生器的方法。 所使用的燃烧器包括中心和环形的平行管束，其延伸穿过由同心导管形成的中心和环形通道。
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公开(公告)号：US4141695A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-27
申请号：US900952
申请日：1978-04-28
IPC分类号： B01D3/06 , B01D12/00 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/52 , C02F1/04 , C02F1/26 , C10B27/00 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/00
CPC分类号： C10J3/00 , B01D12/00 , B01D3/06 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/52 , C02F1/048 , C02F1/26 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/84 , C10J3/845 , C10J3/86 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/049 , C01B2203/0495 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1675 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1846 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892
摘要： Dispersions comprising water and particulate solids i.e. carbon and ash are produced in at least one gas cooling or scrubbing zone by quench cooling or scrubbing, or both the raw gas stream from a partial oxidation gas generator with water. Advantageously, the water may be reclaimed by the subject process. In one embodiment, the carbon-water dispersion containing any ash is mixed with a liquid organic extractant and a liquid aqueous emulsion. The emulsion breaks up, and in a decanting operation a carbon-extractant-water dispersion containing gaseous impurities separates out and floats on a dilute bottoms water layer containing gaseous impurities and some solids. The carbon-extractant-water dispersion is mixed with a heavy liquid hydrocarbon and introduced into a distillation column. The overhead from the distillation column is cooled and separated into a layer of liquid extractant which floats on an aqueous emulsion principally comprising water and containing heavy oil, naphthenic acids and liquid organic extractant. The liquid aqueous emulsion and the liquid extractant are recycled to the decanting operation. In another scheme, the emulsion is mixed with the bottoms water from the decanting operation and fed to a flash column for reclaiming water. Alternately, the aqueous emulsion is broken-up into water and liquid hydrocarbon by heating. The water may be reclaimed in the flash-column and the liquid hydrocarbon may be passed into the gas generator or into the distillation column in admixture with the overhead from the decanter.
摘要翻译： 包含水和颗粒固体（即碳和灰分）的分散体通过淬火冷却或洗涤或者来自部分氧化气体发生器的原料气体流与水在至少一个气体冷却或洗涤区中产生。 有利地，水可以通过主题过程回收。 在一个实施方案中，含有任何灰分的碳水分散体与液体有机萃取剂和液体水性乳液混合。 乳液分解，并且在倾析操作中，含有气态杂质的碳萃取剂 - 水分散体分离出来，漂浮在含有气态杂质和一些固体的稀的底部水层上。 将碳萃取剂 - 水分散体与重质液体烃混合并引入蒸馏塔。 将蒸馏塔的塔顶馏出物冷却并分离成一层液体萃取剂，该层液体萃取剂漂浮在主要包含水并含有重油，环烷酸和液体有机萃取剂的水乳液上。 将液体水性乳液和液体萃取剂再循环至倾析操作。 在另一种方案中，将乳液与来自倾析操作的底部水混合，并送入闪蒸塔以回收水。 或者，水乳液通过加热分解成水和液体烃。 水可以在闪蒸塔中回收，并且液体烃可以与来自滗析器的塔顶混合物一起进入气体发生器或蒸馏塔。
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公开(公告)号：US4007019A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-08
申请号：US643561
申请日：1975-12-22
CPC分类号： C01B3/36 , C01B3/50 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/84 , C10K1/08 , C10K1/18 , C01B2203/049 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/1675 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1846 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892 , Y02P20/129
摘要： An improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas and by-product steam from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed is disclosed wherein hot gases from the process are simultaneously cooled and cleaned by direct contact with hydrocarbon oil. Thus, the effluent gas stream from the reaction zone of the gas generator is cooled and cleaned by discharging the gas stream directly into a relatively large body of hot liquid hydrocarbon immersion fluid. For example, the immersion fluid may be a dispersion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel such as petroleum oil and particulate carbon which is contained in a separate immersion vessel. A portion of the hot immersion fluid is continuously removed from the immersion vessel and cooled to a temperature in the range of about 300.degree. to 850.degree. F. but above the dew point of the water in the process gas stream in an external heat exchanger, such as a steam generator. High pressure by-product steam may be produced thereby. A portion of the cooled immersion fluid, optionally in admixture with a hydrocarbonaceous scrubbing fluid of a similar composition obtained subsequently in the process may be recycled to the immersion vessel and optionally to the gas generator as at least a portion of the hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进的连续部分氧化工艺，用于从烃类燃料进料中产生清洁合成或燃料气体和副产物蒸汽，其中来自该方法的热气体同时被冷却并通过与烃油直接接触来清洁。 因此，来自气体发生器的反应区的废气流通过将气流直接排放到较大体积的热液体烃浸液中来进行冷却和清洗。 例如，浸渍流体可以是液体烃类燃料如石油和分散在容器中的颗粒状碳的分散体。 热浸液体的一部分从浸没容器中连续地取出并冷却到约300-850°F的范围内，但高于外部热交换器中工艺气流中的水的露点， 例如蒸汽发生器。 因此可能产生高压副产物蒸汽。 冷却的浸没流体的一部分，任选地与随后在该方法中获得的类似组合物的烃类洗涤流体混合可以再循环到浸没容器中，并任选地再循环到作为至少一部分烃类燃料进料的气体发生器。
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公开(公告)号：US4007018A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-08
申请号：US643458
申请日：1975-12-22
CPC分类号： C10J3/485 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/50 , C10J3/84 , C10K1/16 , C01B2203/049 , C10J2300/1807
摘要： An improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing clean synthesis or fuel gas from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed is disclosed wherein hot gases from the process are simultaneously cooled and cleaned by direct contact with hydrocarbon oil. Thus, the effluent gas stream from the reaction zone of the gas generator is cooled and cleaned by discharging the gas stream directly into a relatively large body of hot liquid hydrocarbon immersion fluid. For example, the immersion fluid may be a dispserion of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel such as petroleum oil and particulate carbon which is contained in a separate immersion vessel. A portion of the immersion fluid is continuously removed from the immersion vessel and is cooled in an external cooler to a temperature in the range of about 300 to 850.degree. F but above the dew point of the water in the process gas stream. Portions of the cooled immersion fluid optionally in admixture with scrubbing fluid obtained subsequently in the process are recycled to the immersion vessel, and optionally to the gas generator as at least a portion of the hydrocarbonaceous fuel feed. In another emnbodiment, a portion of the immersion fluid removed from the immersion vessel may be introduced into the gas generator as at least a portion of the feed without first being passed through a cooler. The effluent gas stream leaving said immersion zone may be subjected to additional cleaning by being scrubbed with said scrubbing fluid comprising make-up hydrocarbonaceous fuel and particulate carbon in a separate scrubbing zone. The clean product gas comprises H.sub.2, CO, CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O and, optionally at least one material from the group H.sub.2 S, COS, N.sub.2, A, and C.sub.1 - C.sub.10 hydrocarbons.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于从烃类燃料进料生产清洁合成或燃料气体的改进的连续部分氧化方法，其中来自该方法的热气体通过与烃油直接接触同时冷却和清洁。 因此，来自气体发生器的反应区的废气流通过将气流直接排放到较大体积的热液体烃浸液中来进行冷却和清洗。 例如，浸没流体可以是包含在单独的浸没容器中的液体烃类燃料如石油和颗粒状碳的分配。 浸没流体的一部分从浸没容器中连续地移出，并在外部冷却器中冷却至约300至850°F但高于工艺气体流中的水的露点的温度。 冷却的浸没流体的部分任选地与随后在该方法中获得的洗涤流体混合，被再循环到浸没容器中，并且任选地作为至少一部分烃类燃料进料再循环到气体发生器。 在另一个实施例中，从浸没容器移除的浸渍流体的一部分可以作为进料的至少一部分被引入到气体发生器中，而不首先通过冷却器。 离开所述浸入区的废气流可以通过在分离的洗涤区中用包含补充含烃燃料和颗粒碳的所述洗涤流体进行洗涤来进行附加清洁。 清洁产物气体包括H 2，CO，CO 2，H 2 O和任选地至少一种来自H 2 S，COS，N 2，A和C 1 -C 10烃的材料。
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