摘要:
All-ceramic retroreflective elements which may be used in pavement markings comprising an opacified ceramic core and ceramic optical elements partially embedded into the core.
摘要:
Pavement marking comprising ceramic microspheres held by a binder, said microspheres being solid, transparent, non-vitreous, ceramic particles which serve as lens elements in the retroreflective pavement markings. The ceramic microspheres formed by various sol gel techniques are characterized by having:A. at least one metal oxide phase; andB. an average minimum dimension of up to 125 micrometers.The inventive pavement markings retain reflectivity for a surprisingly long time.
摘要:
An article suitable for use in bonding to metal, glass, or ceramic substrates at high temperatures, e.g., above about 400.degree. C, comprises (a) a thermally stable backing material, such as a metal foil or an inorganic fabric; and (b) a coating on at least a portion of at least one major surface of the backing material, the coating consisting essentially of fused or fusible particles selected from glass particles, ceramic particles, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the coating further contains a non-pressure sensitive adhesive vehicle such as pine oil, to aid in application and retention of the particles.
摘要:
Solid, transparent, non-vitreous, microspheres (zirconia-silica) are formed by extractive gelation (extracting carboxylic acid away from zirconyl carboxylate) of a sol in liquid medium such as hot peanut oil. Zirconyl carboxylate precursor sol is prepared and added in droplet form to the liquid extractant (peanut oil) at an elevated temperature at which a carboxylic acid is liberated from the zirconyl carboxylate. The droplets remain in the extractant for sufficient time to form stable gel spheroids which are separated from the extractant and fired to convert them to durable spheroids useful as lens elements in retroreflective sheeting.
摘要:
All-ceramic retroreflective elements which may be used in pavement markings comprising an opacified ceramic core and ceramic optical elements partially embedded into the core.
摘要:
Solid, transparent, non-vitreous, zirconia and zirconia-silica ceramic microspheres, useful as lens elements in retroreflective pavement markings. The microspheres are characterized by:(a) containing at least one additive metal oxide selected from alumina, magnesia, yttria and mixtures thereof;(b) an index of refraction greater than 1.6; and(c) being virtually free of cracks.These microspheres are formed by a sol-gel technique of extractive gelation (extracting carboxylic acid away from zirconyl carboxylate) of a sol in liquid medium such as hot peanut oil. The microspheres of this ceramic composition have been made with relatively large diameters, (e.g. 200-1000 micrometers) making them quite useful as lens elements in pavement marking sheet materials.
摘要:
Thin nonorganic films of complexes of titanium and stannous tin are formed on organic polymeric substrates to provide ultraviolet absorbing coatings which retard degradation of the polymeric material of the substrate due to ultraviolet light.
摘要:
Solid, transparent, non-vitreous, ceramic particles useful as lens elements in retroreflective pavement markings characterized by having:A. at least one metal oxide phase; andB. an average minimum dimension of more than 125 micrometers.These particles are formed by various sol gel techniques, one example of which is the chemical gelation of titania sols by first mixing with glacial acetic acid, then with ammonium acetate, followed by formation of microspheres in 2-ethylhexanol. Microspheres of this ceramic composition can have relatively large diameters (e.g. over 200-1000 micrometers) making them quite useful as retroreflective lens elements in pavement marking sheet materials.
摘要:
Primer compositions for adhering overcoatings derived from in situ polymerizations of uncured monomers onto inorganic substrates are disclosed. These primer compositions comprise at least one non-amino- or non-amido-containing silane, at least one of certain metal esters, and preferably an acidic material. The overcoatings are derived from epoxy and vinyl monomers. The primed and overcoated substrates of the present invention provide articles having protective, decorative, or other functional surface layers.
摘要:
Solid, shaped and fired refractory articles, such as fibers and microspheres, of titanium dioxide are made by shaping, gelling, and firing titania sols. Said fibers can be made by extruding in air a viscous aqueous titania sol, and heating and firing the resulting green fiber to remove water, decompose and volatilize undesired constituents, and form a refractory fiber of polycrystalline titanium dioxide, which is useful, for example, to form refractory fabrics or as reinforcement for composites. Said microspheres can be made by dispersing droplets of an aqueous titania sol in an organic dehydrating liquid, separating the resulting green microspheres from the dehydrating liquid, and heating and firing the green microspheres to form solid refractory microspheres of polycrystalline titanium dioxide, which are useful, for example, in reflective signs or traffic marking surfaces. Said fired fibers and microspheres are preferably transparent to visible light with the titanium dioxide content thereof in its anatase form.