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公开(公告)号：US4550774A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-05
申请号：US462776
申请日：1983-02-01
CPC分类号： F28D15/0233
摘要： A surface heat-exchanger body for vehicles, aircrafts or ships, with an interconnected heat pipe-channel system which is hermetically closed and arranged distributed over an area; as a result of a separate line-shaped heat source which extends along the heat-exchanger body and which may be formed by a heating channel, a heating rod or the like, heat is supplied to the heat-exchanger body which is distributed and given off by the heat pipe-channel system to the adjoining space with a slight temperature drop inside of the heat-exchanger body; for a horizontal installation of the heat-exchanger body, intersecting or star-shaped channel sections are provided inside of the heat pipe-channel system which always return the condensate to the condensate collector independently of the direction of the resultant of gravity and inertia forces; the condensate collector may be constructed in the form of a closed annular line either concentrically on the inside of the surface heat-exchanger body or along the outer edge; to enhance the condensate return, the surface heat-exchanger body may be slightly arched, whereby the condensate collector must be placed at the geodetically lowest place.
摘要翻译： 一种用于车辆，飞机或船舶的表面热交换器体，其具有密封并布置在一个区域上的相互连接的热管道系统; 作为沿着热交换器主体延伸并且可以由加热通道，加热棒等形成的单独的线状热源的结果，向分配给定的热交换器主体供应热量 通过热管道系统到相邻的空间，在热交换器体内部具有轻微的温度下降; 对于热交换器主体的水平安装，在热管道系统的内部设置相交或星形通道部分，其总是将冷凝物返回到冷凝物收集器，而不受重力和惯性力的作用方向的影响; 冷凝水收集器可以以密闭的环形管线的形式或者同心地构造在表面热交换器本体的内部上或者沿外边缘构造; 为了增加冷凝水的回流，表面热交换器主体可能略微拱起，因此冷凝水收集器必须放置在地质最低处。
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2.发明授权Heat-exchanger with a bundle of parallelly extending pipes adapted to be acted upon by air 失效热交换器具有一束适于被空气作用的平行延伸的管道
公开(公告)号：US4520863A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-04
申请号：US436937
申请日：1982-10-27
CPC分类号： F28D1/0408 , F28D1/0246 , F28D15/0233
摘要： A heat-exchanger with a bundle of parallelly extending pipes adapted to be acted upon by air which are hermetically closed and constructed in the manner of heat-pipes. A heat-exchanger head which is adapted to be traversed by a heat carrier medium extends transversely to the pipe bundle. The heat carrier channels formed therein are sealed off from a flow point of view against the heat-pipe hollow spaces but are in good heat-transferring connection therewith. The heat-exchanger is formed by two types of heat-exchanger plates of which the first type extends over the air stream and the heat-exchanger head and of which the second type of heat-exchanger plates is limited to the heat-exchanger head and extends transversely to the first type of heat-exchanger plates and is brazed thereto over a large surface. The heat-exchanger plates can be constructed as extrusion profiles or as two-layer partial composite laminated bodies; extrusion profiles may also be used for the cross connection of the individual heat-exchanger plates of the same type, which are grooved transversely and are brazed to the end faces of the heat-exchanger plates. However with partial composite laminated bodies, connecting pipes extending transversely to the heat-exchanger plates are preferable.
摘要翻译： 一种具有一束平行延伸的管道的热交换器，其适于被空气作用，其以热管的方式密封和构造。 适于由热载体介质穿过的热交换器头横向于管束延伸。 形成在其中的热载体通道相对于热管中空空间从流动角度密封，但是与其热转移连接良好。 热交换器由两种类型的热交换器板形成，第一类型的热交换器板在空气流和热交换器头部上延伸，其中第二类型的热交换器板限于热交换器头部， 横向于第一类型的热交换器板延伸并且在大的表面上钎焊到其上。 热交换器板可以被构造成挤出型材或二层部分复合层合体; 挤压型材也可以用于相同类型的各个热交换器板的横向交叉连接，这些热交换器板横向开槽并钎焊到热交换器板的端面。 然而，对于部分复合层叠体，优选横向于热交换器板延伸的连接管。
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公开(公告)号：US4503906A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-12
申请号：US439184
申请日：1982-11-04
CPC分类号： F28F3/14 , F28D1/0226 , F28D15/0233 , Y10T29/49366
摘要： A surface heater body which is constructed as two-layer, expanded partial composite laminated body and contains two mutually separated channels or channel systems adjoining one another wall-to-wall in a heat-conducting manner; one channel system which extends over the entire area of the surface heater body and which is hermetically closed off, operates as heat-pipe to distribute the supplied heat over a large area; a heat channel traversed by heating water extends along the bottom edge of the surface heater body; a rectilinear continuous non-expanded strip is provided between the heat channel and the heat-pipe channel system, along which the partial composite laminated body is bent U-shaped so that the heat channel and the heat-pipe channel system come into mutual abutment where they are permanently and heat-conductingly connected with each other over the entire contact surface; a separate pipe may also be provided as heat channel or, as a still further alternative, a heat-pipe may be inserted into the heat-pipe channel system whereby the two edges of the surface heater body are sealed off at the places where the heat pipe leaves the heater element.
摘要翻译： 一种表面加热器体，其构造为双层膨胀部分复合层压体，并且包含两个相互分离的通道或通道系统，其以导热方式彼此邻接壁对壁; 在表面加热器主体的整个区域上延伸并且被气密地封闭的单通道系统作为热管工作以在大面积上分配供应的热量; 通过加热水穿过的热通道沿着表面加热器本体的底部边缘延伸; 在热通道和热管通道系统之间设置有直线连续的非膨胀带，部分复合层压体沿其弯曲成U形，使得热通道和热管通道系统相互邻接 它们在整个接触表面上永久地和热传导地相互连接; 也可以设置单独的管道作为热通道，或者作为另外的替代方案，可以将热管插入到热管通道系统中，由此表面加热器本体的两个边缘在热的位置被密封 管道离开加热器元件。
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4.发明授权Heat-exchanger with a bundle of parallelly extending pipes adapted to be acted upon by air 失效热交换器具有一束适于被空气作用的平行延伸的管道
公开(公告)号：US4448242A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-15
申请号：US437202
申请日：1982-10-28
CPC分类号： F28D15/0233 , F28D1/04 , F28D1/05333 , F28F9/0209 , Y10T29/49373
摘要： A heat-exchanger with a bundle of parallelly extending pipes adapted to be acted upon by air which are constructed in the manner of heat pipes; a connection box extends transversely to the pipe bundle which surrounds section-wise the heat pipe hollow spaces of the pipe bundle and which is adapted to be traversed by a heat carrier medium; the connection box essentially consists of an extruded profile whose profile direction is disposed parallel to the pipe rows of the bundle and is provided at its end faces with guide covers which take over the distribution and deflection of the heat carrier medium toward the channels inside of the extruded profile.
摘要翻译： 一种热交换器，其具有适于以热管的方式构造的由空气作用的平行延伸的管束; 连接箱横向延伸到管束，管束围绕管束的热管中空空间，并且适于由热载体介质穿过; 连接盒基本上由挤出型材组成，其轮廓方向平行于束的管排布置，并且在其端面处设置有导向盖，引导盖接收热载体介质朝向内部的通道内的通道的分布和偏转 挤压型材。
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5.发明授权Heat-exchanger with a bundle of parallelly extending pipes adapted to be acted upon by air 失效热交换器具有一束适于被空气作用的平行延伸的管道
公开(公告)号：US4448241A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-15
申请号：US437571
申请日：1982-10-29
CPC分类号： F28D15/0233 , F28D1/0226 , F28D1/05358 , F28D15/0275 , F28D2021/0096 , F28F2240/00 , F28F3/14 , Y10T29/49373
摘要： A heat-exchanger with a bundle of parallelly extending metallic pipes arranged at least in one row which are hermetically closed off and constructed in the manner of heat pipes, and with at least one metallic heat-exchanger head extending transversely to the pipe bundle which is sealed off from a flow point of view with respect to the pipe hollow spaces of the pipe bundle but is in heat-transferring connection therewith; the heat-exchanger head is thereby formed of at least one three-layered flat partial composite laminated body per pipe row which includes two separate channels or channel networks, and which is directed parallel to the associated pipe row; one of the channels of a partial composite laminated body is thereby connected with the heat pipe hollow spaces of the pipe row to form a heat pipe channel while the other channel is adapted to be acted upon by the heat carrier medium and forms a heat carrier channel.
摘要翻译： 一种热交换器，其具有至少一排布置的并排延伸的金属管束，所述金属管气密地封闭并以热管的方式构造，并且至少一个金属热交换器头横向于管束延伸， 从相对于管束的管中空空间的流动视野密封而与其传热连接; 因此，热交换器头部由至少一个三管平面部分复合层压体构成，每个管排包括两个单独的通道或通道网络，其平行于相关联的管排; 因此，部分复合层叠体的通道之一与管排的热管中空空间连接，形成热管通道，而另一个通道适于由热载体介质作用，形成热载体通道 。
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公开(公告)号：US5076350A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-31
申请号：US716281
申请日：1991-06-17
申请人： Helmut Grantz , Wolfgang Odebrecht
发明人： Helmut Grantz , Wolfgang Odebrecht
CPC分类号： B60H1/00371 , F28D15/0233 , B60H2001/00221
摘要： A plate heat exchanger designed as a heat tube in the form of a multi-layer expanded partly laminated body has an integrated, fluidically continuous large-surface channel structure. Formed in the vicinity of the outer edge is a condensate-collecting channel which is fluidically connected unobstructedly to the channel structure. A heating bar or a heating channel is arranged near the edge separately but connected heat-conductively. To prevent condensate from flowing off on one side within the condensate-collecting channel as a result of gravity and/or horizontal acceleration and thereby to ensure the best possible heating effect, the condensate-collecting channel is subdivided into condensate pockets by a plurality of flow obstacles.
摘要翻译： 设计为多层膨胀部分层压体形式的热管的板式热交换器具有集成的，流体连续的大面积通道结构。 在外边缘附近形成有冷凝水收集通道，其通道流畅地连接到通道结构。 加热棒或加热通道分别设置在边缘附近，但是热传导连接。 为了防止冷凝物由于重力和/或水平加速度而在冷凝水收集通道内的一侧流出，从而确保最佳的加热效果，则冷凝物收集通道被多个流动分为冷凝物袋 障碍
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公开(公告)号：US5646614A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-08
申请号：US328671
申请日：1994-10-25
CPC分类号： B60Q9/005 , B60Q9/007 , B60R1/00 , H04N7/183 , H04N7/185 , B60R2300/101 , B60R2300/802 , B60R2300/806 , B60R2300/808 , B60T2201/10
摘要： A system for monitoring the rear or front space of a motor vehicle being parked is provided. The system is based on a video camera having an image sharpness control, which can follow an object once detected, in terms of its sharpness, with the camera's autofocus over the whole search field, for example, by using fuzzy logic. The device uses this property for an image-processing-supported tracking of the viewing angle of a video camera which is designed to be pivotable and is used for rear-space or front-space monitoring, by which an object limiting the rearward or forward penetration depth of the vehicle can be seen up until contact with the vehicle's bumper. The device eliminates obstacles which previously prevented the use of such video cameras in the rear space monitoring of private cars. A corresponding device can also be provided and used for monitoring the front space of a vehicle.
摘要翻译： 提供一种用于监视停放的机动车辆的后部或前部空间的系统。 该系统基于具有图像清晰度控制的摄像机，其可以利用例如通过使用模糊逻辑的相机在整个搜索领域的自动对焦来跟踪被检测到的物体的清晰度。 该设备使用此属性进行图像处理支持的视频摄像机的视角跟踪，该摄像机被设计为可枢转的，并用于后空间或前空间监视，通过该属性限制向后或向前穿透 可以看到车辆的深度，直到与车辆的保险杠接触。 该装置消除了以前阻止在后方空间监控私家车中使用这种摄像机的障碍物。 还可以提供相应的装置并用于监视车辆的前部空间。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5483807A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-16
申请号：US292825
申请日：1994-08-19
CPC分类号： B60H1/143 , B60H1/00492 , B60L1/003 , B60L1/04 , B60L11/1803 , B60L11/1874 , B60L2240/34 , B60L2250/14 , B60L2270/44 , F01P2011/205 , Y02T10/7005 , Y02T10/705
摘要： A device for air-conditioning the passenger compartment and for cooling the drive system of electric vehicles includes an air-guide duct connected on the inlet and outlet sides to the passenger compartment and having heat exchangers disposed one behind the other therein in the air-flow direction. One of the heat exchangers, which, together with a circulating pump and a cold store, is incorporated within a circuit of a cold-transporting medium. The circuit is run via the evaporator of a refrigeration unit. The other heat exchanger, together with a circulating pump and a heat store, is incorporated within a circuit of a heat-transporting medium. The circuit is run via the drive system of the electric vehicle for vehicle-cooling purposes. With the aim of reducing the weight of the device without altering the storage capacity of the cold and heat stores, these are formed by a single energy store, which, by at least one switchover valve, can be switched alternately into the cold-transporting-medium or heat-transporting-medium circuit. As the cold- and heat-transporting medium, the same liquid transmission medium is used.
摘要翻译： 用于对乘客室进行空调并且用于冷却电动车辆的驱动系统的装置包括：在入口侧和出口侧连接到乘客室的空气导管，并且具有在空气流中彼此靠后设置的热交换器 方向。 其中一个热交换器与循环泵和冷库一起被并入冷输送介质的回路中。 电路通过制冷单元的蒸发器运行。 另一个热交换器与循环泵和热存储器一起被并入热传输介质的回路中。 该电路通过电动车辆的驱动系统运行，用于车辆冷却目的。 为了减少设备的重量而不改变冷库和储热器的储存容量，它们由单个能量存储器形成，该储能器通过至少一个切换阀可以交替地切换到冷运输 - 中等或热传递介质回路。 作为冷热输送介质，使用相同的液体传输介质。
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9.发明授权Process and apparatus for heating the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle 失效用于加热机动车辆的乘客舱的过程和设备
公开(公告)号：US5566880A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-22
申请号：US192094
申请日：1994-02-04
申请人： Noureddine Khelifa , Karl-Gerd Krumbach , Michael Lohle , Gunter Abersfelder , Helmut Grantz , Wolfgang Odebrecht , Jurgen Wertenbach , Oliver Wagner
发明人： Noureddine Khelifa , Karl-Gerd Krumbach , Michael Lohle , Gunter Abersfelder , Helmut Grantz , Wolfgang Odebrecht , Jurgen Wertenbach , Oliver Wagner
CPC分类号： B60H3/024 , B60H1/00392 , B60H1/22 , B60H2003/028
摘要： A process for heating the passenger compartment (10) in a motor vehicle, particularly an electric vehicle, having a heating device (12), which is supplied with an air current (40) extracted, via a waste-air duct (11), from the passenger compartment (10). The air current enters into the passenger compartment (10) from the heating device (12) via an intake-duct (13). In order to prevent internal misting of the vehicle's windows, even with a low heating capacity, at least one partial air current (40a), which is branched off from the air current (40) prior to entry into the passenger compartment (10), flows through a sorbent (15) such as zeolite or the like.
摘要翻译： 一种用于加热具有加热装置（12）的机动车辆，特别是电动车辆中的乘客室（10）的过程，该加热装置（12）经由废气导管（11）被提供有抽出的气流（40） 从乘客舱（10）。 气流经由进气导管（13）从加热装置（12）进入乘客室（10）。 为了防止车辆的窗户内部雾化，即使在低加热能力下，在进入乘客舱（10）之前从气流（40）分出的至少一个部分气流（40a） 流过吸附剂（15）如沸石等。
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公开(公告)号：US4691949A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-08
申请号：US835281
申请日：1986-03-03
申请人： Helmut Grantz , Wolfgang Odebrecht
发明人： Helmut Grantz , Wolfgang Odebrecht
CPC分类号： E05B83/16 , E05B77/36 , E05B85/18 , Y10S292/26 , Y10S292/49 , Y10T292/1047
摘要： A locking arrangement for a motor vehicle door in which a lock housing with a rotary catch acting on a locking bolt on the side of the body, a spring-loaded locking latch, a knee lever arrangement engaging at the rotary catch and at the housing which is formed by two lever members connected in a dead-center joint, and an actuating mechanism is provided, whereby two end positions of the dead-center joint which are coordinated to the locking, respectively, the open position of the rotary catch, are determined by control abutments, and whereby a torque is to be introduced into the rotary catch by means of the actuating mechanism by way of the knee lever, by means of which the door is adapted to be transferred into the locked position against the force of an elastically deformed door seal. This lock arrangement is characterized in that the closing force is to be introduced manually into the actuating mechanism by a door handle at which a return device is effective.
摘要翻译： 一种用于机动车辆门的锁定装置，其中具有作用在身体侧面上的锁定螺栓的旋转卡扣的锁定壳体，弹簧加载的锁定闩锁，接合在旋转卡锁处和在壳体处的膝盖杆装置 由连接在死角接头中的两个杠杆构件形成，并且提供致动机构，由此确定与锁定件分别与旋转钩的打开位置配合的死角接头的两个端部位置 通过控制基座，并且由此通过所述操纵机构通过所述膝盖杆将扭矩引入到所述旋转锁扣中，借助于所述操纵杆，所述门适于被抵抗弹性力传递到所述锁定位置 变形门密封。 该锁定装置的特征在于，通过门把手将闭合力手动地引入到致动机构中，在该手柄处返回装置有效。
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