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公开(公告)号：US5787208A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-28
申请号：US472389
申请日：1995-06-07
CPC分类号： G06T5/30 , G06K9/00127 , G06T5/003 , G06T2207/10056 , G06T2207/20192
摘要： Image enhancement for a digital image, such as an image of a biological specimen mounted on a microscope slide or a cytological specimen is herein described. A digital representation of the image is dilated to produce a dilated image and eroded to provide an eroded image. The dilated image, eroded image and the digital representation of the image are then processed to produce an enhanced image.
摘要翻译： 这里描述了数字图像的图像增强，例如安装在显微镜载玻片或细胞学标本上的生物样本的图像。 图像的数字表示被扩大以产生扩张的图像并被侵蚀以提供侵蚀的图像。 然后处理扩张图像，侵蚀图像和图像的数字表示以产生增强图像。
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2.发明授权Method and apparatus for optimizing biological and cytological specimen screening and diagnosis 失效用于优化生物学和细胞学标本筛选和诊断的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06181811B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-30
申请号：US09006457
申请日：1998-01-13
申请人： Chih-Chau L. Kuan , Shih-Jong J. Lee , Seho Oh , Larry A. Nelson , Dayle G. Ellison , Florence W. Patten
发明人： Chih-Chau L. Kuan , Shih-Jong J. Lee , Seho Oh , Larry A. Nelson , Dayle G. Ellison , Florence W. Patten
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06K9/00127
摘要： A method and apparatus for optimizing biological and cytological specimen screening and diagnosis. A slide review process is recommended for cytological specimen screening to identify abnormal sub-populations for further review and also diagnosis by a human expert. An automated screener processes a cytological specimen. Using a slide score generated by the automated screener, a slide review process using a slide score classification is determined. The recommendation of slide review processes improves overall performance of the screening process as measured by sensitivity to abnormal specimens, and at the same time reduces the work load of a human reviewer. The system also effectively and smoothly integrates the process of initial screening of the specimen with the process of further review of the specimen and final diagnosis of the specimen.
摘要翻译： 用于优化生物学和细胞学标本筛选和诊断的方法和装置。 推荐用于细胞学标本筛选的幻灯片审查过程，以识别异常亚群以供进一步审查，并由人类专家进行诊断。 自动筛选器处理细胞学标本。 使用由自动筛选器生成的幻灯片得分，确定使用幻灯片分数分类的幻灯片审阅过程。 幻灯片审查过程的推荐通过对异常标本的敏感度测量，提高了筛选过程的整体性能，同时降低了人类审阅者的工作量。 该系统还将样品初始筛选过程与样品进一步检查和样品的最终诊断过程进行了有效平滑的整合。
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公开(公告)号：US6134354A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-17
申请号：US121012
申请日：1998-07-22
申请人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Paul S. Wilhelm , Wendy R. Bannister , Chih-Chau L. Kuan , Seho Oh , Michael G. Meyer
发明人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Paul S. Wilhelm , Wendy R. Bannister , Chih-Chau L. Kuan , Seho Oh , Michael G. Meyer
CPC分类号： G06K9/00127 , G01N15/1475 , G01N2015/1497
摘要： A free-lying cell classifier. An automated microscope system comprising a computer and high speed processing field of view processors identifies free-lying cells. An image of a biological specimen is obtained and the image is segmented to create a set of binary masks. The binary masks are used by a feature calculator to compute the features that characterize objects of interest including free-lying cells, artifacts and other biological objects. The objects are classified to identify their type, their normality or abnormality or their identification as an artifact. The results are summarized and reported. A stain evaluation of the slide is performed as well as a typicality evaluation. The robustness of the measurement is also quantified as a classification confidence value. The free-lying cell evaluation is used by an automated cytology system to classify a biological specimen slide.
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公开(公告)号：US5740269A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-14
申请号：US309209
申请日：1994-09-20
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00127
摘要： A robust biological specimen classifier. An automated microscopy system obtains features from an image of a biological specimen slide. A computer system in the automated microscopy system computes feature variations. Clusters are created that comprise samples of similar characteristics. A cluster membership generator generates membership values for each cluster. Classifiers specialized to certain feature sets are used to provide independent outputs. These outputs are offset and biased by the output of the membership generator. The output of the adjusted classification values are summed to create a slide score output.
摘要翻译： 强大的生物样本分类器。 自动显微镜系统从生物标本载玻片的图像中获得特征。 自动显微镜系统中的计算机系统计算特征变化。 创建了包含类似特征样本的集群。 集群成员资格生成器为每个集群生成成员资格值。 专门用于某些特征集的分类器用于提供独立的输出。 这些输出由成员生成器的输出偏移和偏移。 将调整后的分类值的输出相加以创建幻灯片分数输出。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5619428A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US455388
申请日：1995-05-31
CPC分类号： G01N1/312
摘要： An automated biological screening system obtains biological and procedural data from a slide set of a selected clinical laboratory. The integration system tests the data on standardized criteria and passes and fails the data in selected categories. The results of the assessment are used to make process adjustment recommendations based on the results of a laboratory process adjustment procedure. Assessment and adjustment may continue until data from a slide set from the selected clinical laboratory passes in each category. The integration system then sets up, calibrates and installs the automated biological screening system. During operation, the integration system continuously monitors biological data generated by the automated biological screening system. The biological data may also be stored in a central product/service database for additional monitoring. The integration system also serves as an objective standard for reviewing and improving laboratory practices.
摘要翻译： 自动生物筛选系统从选定的临床实验室的幻灯片中获得生物学和程序性数据。 集成系统对标准化标准的数据进行测试，并对所选类别的数据进行传递和失败。 评估结果用于根据实验室过程调整程序的结果制定过程调整建议。 评估和调整可以继续，直到来自所选临床实验室的幻灯片的数据在每个类别中通过。 整合系统建立，校准和安装自动化生物筛选系统。 在运行过程中，集成系统会持续监控自动化生物筛选系统产生的生物数据。 生物数据也可以存储在中央产品/服务数据库中以用于附加监控。 整合系统也是检查和改进实验室实践的客观标准。
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公开(公告)号：US6137899A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US120860
申请日：1998-07-22
申请人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Paul S. Wilhelm , Wendy R. Bannister , Chih-Chau L. Kuan , Seho Oh , Michael G. Meyer
发明人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Paul S. Wilhelm , Wendy R. Bannister , Chih-Chau L. Kuan , Seho Oh , Michael G. Meyer
CPC分类号： G06K9/00127 , G01N15/1475 , G01N2015/1497
摘要： A free-lying cell classifier. An automated microscope system comprising a computer and high speed processing field of view processors identifies free-lying cells. An image of a biological specimen is obtained and the image is segmented to create a set of binary masks. The binary masks are used by a feature calculator to compute the features that characterize objects of interest including free-lying cells, artifacts and other biological objects. The objects are classified to identify their type, their normality or abnormality or their identification as an artifact. The results are summarized and reported. A stain evaluation of the slide is performed as well as a typicality evaluation. The robustness of the measurement is also quantified as a classification confidence value. The free-lying cell evaluation is used by an automated cytology system to classify a biological specimen slide.
摘要翻译： 一个自由的细胞分类器。 包括计算机和高速处理视野处理视野处理器的自动显微镜系统识别自由放置的单元。 获得生物样本的图像，并将图像分割以产生一组二进制掩模。 特征计算器使用二进制掩码来计算表征感兴趣对象的特征，包括自由放置的细胞，伪影和其他生物物体。 这些物体被分类以识别它们的类型，它们的正常性或异常或它们作为人造物的识别。 总结和报告结果。 执行幻灯片的染色评估以及典型评估。 测量的鲁棒性也被量化为分类置信度值。 自由细胞学评估系统用于分离生物样本载玻片。
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公开(公告)号：US5787189A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-28
申请号：US667292
申请日：1996-06-20
CPC分类号： G06K9/42 , G06K9/00127
摘要： Reference information for a biological slide is obtained. The reference information normalizes the measured object features. Calibrated feature measurement, not based on absolute measurements, self adjusts to match the situation of each slide, where each slide is characterized by the reference information. The reference may be different from slide to slide because of the preparation variations. The calibrated features will not carry the inter-slide variations. In addition, the reference information provides a good indication of the slide condition such as dark stained, air dried, etc. which can be used as slide features for the specimen classification. No alteration of the current practice of specimen preparation is required. The many slide context dependent features improve the classification accuracy of the objects in a specimen.
摘要翻译： 获得生物载玻片的参考信息。 参考信息将测量的对象特征归一化。 校准的特征测量，不是基于绝对测量，自动调整以匹配每个幻灯片的情况，其中每个幻灯片的特征在于参考信息。 由于制备变化，参考可能与滑动到滑动不同。 校准的特征将不会携带幻灯片间的变化。 此外，参考信息提供滑动条件的良好指示，例如深色，空气干燥等，其可以用作样本分类的幻灯片特征。 不需要更改现有的样品制备实践。 许多幻灯片上下文相关特征提高了样本中对象的分类精度。
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公开(公告)号：US06198839B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-06
申请号：US08924351
申请日：1997-09-05
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G01N15/1475 , G06K9/00127 , Y10S128/922
摘要： Dynamic control of the processing flow of an image analyzer such as a biological specimen analyzer as processing proceeds. Data collected and processed from a specimen under analysis, such as a biological specimen on a microscope slide, determines the fate of further processing. If there is enough evidence, based on the data collected from a slide, to make a decision with sufficient confidence, the processing of the slide can be stopped and a decision may be rendered. By avoiding unnecessary additional computation system throughput may be enhanced. Otherwise, data collection and computation continues until either certain termination criteria are met or no more data is left to acquire. This slide-dependent control and decision making method flexibly limits the amount of computation required to reach a system decision about a specimen. By evaluating analysis processing continuously a maximum signal to noise ratio may be achieved by preventing additional noise from entering the analysis and thus swamping signal information.
摘要翻译： 作为处理进行的生物样本分析仪等图像分析装置的处理流程的动态控制。 从分析中的样品（例如显微镜载玻片上的生物样品）收集和处理的数据确定进一步加工的命运。 如果有足够的证据，根据从幻灯片收集的数据，以足够的信心作出决定，则可以停止幻灯片的处理并作出决定。 通过避免不必要的附加计算系统可以提高吞吐量。 否则，继续进行数据收集和计算，直到满足某些终止标准或没有更多的数据获取。 这种依赖幻灯片的控制和决策方法灵活地限制了达到关于标本的系统决策所需的计算量。 通过连续评估分析处理，可以通过防止附加噪声进入分析并因此使信号信息变化来实现最大信噪比。
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公开(公告)号：US5978497A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-02
申请号：US309250
申请日：1994-09-20
申请人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Paul S. Wilhelm , Wendy R. Bannister , Chih-Chau L. Kuan , Seho Oh , Michael G. Meyer
发明人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Paul S. Wilhelm , Wendy R. Bannister , Chih-Chau L. Kuan , Seho Oh , Michael G. Meyer
CPC分类号： G06K9/00127 , G01N15/1475 , G01N2015/1497
摘要： A free-lying cell classifier. An automated microscope system comprising a computer and high speed processing field of view processors identifies free-lying cells. An image of a biological specimen is obtained and the image is segmented to create a set of binary masks. The binary masks are used by a feature calculator to compute the features that characterize objects of interest including free-lying cells, artifacts and other biological objects. The objects are classified to identify their type, their normality or abnormality or their identification as an artifact. The results are summarized and reported. A stain evaluation of the slide is performed as well as a typicality evaluation. The robustness of the measurement is also quantified as a classification confidence value. The free-lying cell evaluation is used by an automated cytology system to classify a biological specimen slide.
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10.发明授权Method and apparatus for alias free measurement of optical transfer function 失效用于别名自由测量光学传递函数的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5937103A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US788239
申请日：1997-01-25
申请人： Seho Oh , Keith L. Frost , Michael J. Seo , James K. Riley , Chih-Chau L. Kuan
发明人： Seho Oh , Keith L. Frost , Michael J. Seo , James K. Riley , Chih-Chau L. Kuan
摘要： Measurement of the optical transfer function of an optical system imaging a bar pattern. A one dimensional fast Fourier transform processes sampled image data from the bar pattern. A model of the system utilizes robust measurements of the period, duty cycle and center of each stripe in the pattern. A signal alias free optical transfer function is estimated from the plurality of one dimensional frequency representation of the signal. An idealized bar pattern synthesized from the measured parameters of period, duty cycle and the center of each stripe in the pattern generates an ideal optical transfer function. The noise reduced optical transfer function, OTF, is estimated from OTF of the signal and OTF of the synthesized bar pattern.
摘要翻译： 测量条形图案的光学系统的光学传递函数。 一维快速傅立叶变换处理来自条形图案的采样图像数据。 该系统的模型利用对图案中每个条带的周期，占空比和中心的鲁棒测量。 从信号的多个一维频率表示估计信号无别名的光学传递函数。 从图案中的每个条纹的周期，占空比和中心的测量参数合成的理想条形图形产生理想的光学传递函数。 通过信号的OTF和合成的条形图的OTF估计噪声降低的光传输函数OTF。
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