摘要:
In a layer structure, a method of forming the layer structure, a method of manufacturing a capacitor having the layer structure and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device having the capacitor, a structure may be formed on a substrate. A first insulation layer including at least one kind of impurities may be formed on the structure. A flatness of the first insulation layer may fluctuate according to the type and concentration of the impurities. The first insulation layer may include silicate glass doped with first impurities including an element in Group III and/or second impurities including an element in Group V. The flatness of the first insulation layer may improve in proportion to the concentration of the first impurities whereas in inverse proportion to the concentration of the second impurities. Accordingly, the flatness of the first insulation layer may be determined by adjusting the type and concentration of the impurities.
摘要:
In a method of manufacturing a phase-changeable memory device, a lower electrode is formed on a substrate. Silicon oxynitride is then deposited on the lower electrode at a temperature of about 450° C. to about 650° C. to form an insulating interlayer that is relatively dense on the lower electrode. The insulating interlayer is partially etched to form a contact hole exposing the lower electrode. A phase-changeable material layer pattern filling up the contact hole is formed on the insulating interlayer such that the phase-changeable material layer pattern makes contact with the lower electrode.
摘要:
A method of forming a silicon nitride layer in a semiconductor device manufacturing process. The silicon nitride layer (SixNyHz) is formed by PE-CVD technique at low temperature to have at most 0.35 hydrogen composition. The resulting silicon nitride layer has substantially no Si—H bonding as compared with a silicon nitride layer formed at high temperature, thereby reducing thermal stress variation during annealing. The resulting silicon nitride layer exhibits reduced thermal stress variation before and after deposition, preventing a popping phenomenon and reducing the stress applied to the underlying layer.
摘要:
A method of filling gaps in an integrated circuit device is provided, that is less likely to fill voids and does not cause a lung defect. In one embodiment, a method of manufacturing an integrated circuit device including the gap filling method includes: etching a predetermined area of an integrated circuit device to form a trench, filling the trench with a high density plasma oxide by performing an HDP-CVD process using a first process gas including comprising a gas containing an element from the fluorine group, silane gas, and oxygen to form a high density plasma oxide layer, and plasma treating the integrated circuit substrate with a second process gas including a hydrogen gas or hydrogen and oxygen gases.
摘要:
A memory module includes a command/address (CA) register, memory devices, and a module resistor unit mounted on a circuit board. The centrally disposed CA register drive the memory devices one or more internal CA signal(s) to arrangements of memory devices using multiple CA transmission lines, wherein the multiple internal CA transmission lines are commonly terminated in the module resistor unit.
摘要:
An apparatus of generating a multi-channel sound signal is provided. The apparatus may include a sound separator to determine a number (N) of sound signals based on at least one of a mixing characteristic and a spatial characteristic of a multi-channel sound signal when receiving the multi-channel sound signal, and to separate the multi-channel sound signal into N sound signals, the sound signals being generated such that the multi-channel sound signal is separated, and a sound synthesizer to synthesize N sound signals to be M sound signals.
摘要:
A limiter circuit in a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) includes a first control circuit, a second control circuit and a driving circuit having a pull-up transistor and a pull-down transistor. The first control circuit generates a first driving control signal for controlling the pull-up transistor based on an AC input signal and a first DC bias voltage. The second control circuit generates a second driving control signal for controlling the pull-down transistor based on the AC input signal and a second DC bias voltage. The driving circuit generates an output signal based on the first driving control signal and the second driving control signal. The output signal swings between a first voltage at the pull-up transistor and a second voltage at the pull-down transistor.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a luminous device with a heat pipe formed therein and a heat pipe lead for a luminous device. The present invention provides a luminous device including a heat pipe lead or electrode and a luminous chip mounted onto the heat pipe lead or electrode. The luminous device of the present invention further comprises a heat dissipation member, such as a heat radiating plate or thermoelectric device, installed at an end of the heat pipe lead or electrode. Therefore, through the heat pipe lead or electrode of the present invention, a higher heat dissipation effect greater can be obtained as compared with the conventional one. As a result, it is possible to reduce thermal stress on a luminous device and to prevent the occurrence of a phenomenon in which external impurities penetrate into the luminous device. In addition, the cooling efficiency and the light-emitting efficiency of a luminous chip can be maximized by further disposing a heat dissipation member outside the heat pipe.
摘要:
The present invention relates to isolated raptor nucleic acid molecules of mammalian origin (e.g., human) and complements, portions and variants thereof. Another aspect of the invention are isolated raptor polypeptides of mammalian origin and portions thereof, and antibodies or antigen binding fragments thereof that specifically bind a raptor polypeptide. The present invention also relates to constructs and host cells comprising the nucleic acid molecules described herein. In addition, the present invention relates to uses of the nucleic acid and polypeptide molecules provided herein.
摘要:
Provided is printer operation control system and method for a printer having diverse print functions by using an external memory. The external memory is used to store information on the availability of each print function. A reader is provided for reading the information on the availability of each print function stored in the external memory. Further, a function setting unit is provided for setting up the operability of software for each print function based on the information read in the reader. Even further, a controller is provided for controlling the operation of the printer based on the operability of each software set up in the function setting unit.