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    Nitrogen dioxide regenerative fuel cell
    1.
    发明授权
    Nitrogen dioxide regenerative fuel cell 失效
    二氧化氮再生燃料电池

    公开(公告)号：US3979225A

    公开(公告)日：1976-09-07

    申请号：US532568

    申请日：1974-12-13

    申请人： Stanley W. Smith ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli

    发明人： Stanley W. Smith ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli

    IPC分类号： H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/06

    CPC分类号： H01M8/18 ,  Y02E60/528

    摘要： A fuel cell is disclosed in which the cathode is a gaseous diffusion fuel cell electrode operating with an acid electrolyte and nitrogen dioxide (NO.sub.2) alone or with oxygen. The cathode half cell reaction produces nitric oxide (NO) and water and the NO.sub.2 is externally regenerated by reaction of NO with oxygen to produce the nitrogen dioxide for reuse in the cell. When both NO.sub.2 and oxygen are used, oxidation of the NO formed back to the NO.sub.2 occurs within the cathode itself so it is possible to get more than 100% utilization of the NO.sub.2 in the fuel cell.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种燃料电池，其中阴极是单独使用酸性电解液和二氧化氮（NO 2）或氧气的气体扩散燃料电池电极。 阴极半电池反应产生一氧化氮（NO）和水，NO2通过NO与氧的反应而再生，产生二氧化氮以在电池中重新使用。 当使用NO 2和氧气时，在阴极本身内发生形成回NO的NO的氧化，因此有可能在燃料电池中获得超过100％的NO 2利用率。

    Fuel cell electrode and method of making and using same
    3.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell electrode and method of making and using same 失效
    燃料电池电极及其制造和使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US4810594A

    公开(公告)日：1989-03-07

    申请号：US177810

    申请日：1988-04-07

    申请人： Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Francis J. Luczak

    发明人： Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Francis J. Luczak

    IPC分类号： H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8807 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/8896 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M4/8828

    摘要： A method for making a fuel cell electrode is disclosed. A layer of hydrophobic polymer and an electro-catalyst is deposited on the surface of a porous electrode substrate and press-sintered by heating the catalyst layer to a temperature between the melting point and decomposition temperature of the polymer and simultaneously compressing the layer at a pressure between 20 pounds per square inch and 100 pounds per square inch. The heating and compressing are continued for a time period of between 10 minutes and 20 minutes. A fuel cell electrode made by the above method and a method for generating electricity using such an electrode are also disclosed. A press-sintered fuel cell electrode provides improved peak performance as well as improved tolerance to electrolyte solidification.

    摘要翻译： 公开了制造燃料电池电极的方法。 将疏水性聚合物层和电催化剂层沉积在多孔电极基材的表面上，并通过将催化剂层加热到聚合物的熔点和分解温度之间的温度进行压制，同时在压力下压制该层 介于20磅/平方英寸和100磅/平方英寸之间。 加热和压缩持续10分钟至20分钟的时间。 还公开了通过上述方法制造的燃料电池电极和使用这种电极发电的方法。 压力烧结燃料电池电极提供改善的峰值性能以及改进的对电解质凝固的耐受性。

    Integrated current collector and catalyst support
    5.
    发明授权
    Integrated current collector and catalyst support 失效
    集成集电器和催化剂支架

    公开(公告)号：US4548876A

    公开(公告)日：1985-10-22

    申请号：US661851

    申请日：1984-10-17

    申请人： Lawrence J. Bregoli

    发明人： Lawrence J. Bregoli

    IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/14

    CPC分类号： H01M8/0254 ,  H01M4/8626 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  H01M4/9091 ,  H01M8/0221 ,  H01M8/0232 ,  H01M8/0236 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/142 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  Y02E60/526

    摘要： An integrated current collecting electrode for a molten carbonate fuel cell includes a corrugated metal conductive strip positioned in contact with a catalyst layer. The corrugations of the metal strip form a plurality of gas channels immediately adjacent the surface of the catalyst through which a reactant gas flows. Each channel is filled with a particulate material to maintain separation between the metal strip and the catalyst in ensuring gas channel integrity. The catalyst may be in the form of a compacted, particulate material provided the particle size of the material within the gas channels is larger than that of the catalyst particles to prevent catalyst migration to the metal conductor and provide reactant gas access to the catalyst layer. The gas channels formed by the corrugations of the metal strip are arranged in an offset pattern along the direction of gas flow for improved reactant gas distribution to the catalyst layer. The particulate material positioned within the gas flow channels may be a ceramic conductor such as a perovskite or a spinel for enhanced current collection.

    摘要翻译： 用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的集成集电电极包括与催化剂层接触定位的波纹状金属导电带。 金属带的波纹形成紧邻反应物气体流过的催化剂表面的多个气体通道。 每个通道填充有颗粒材料，以确保金属带和催化剂之间的分离，以确保气体通道的完整性。 催化剂可以是压实的颗粒材料的形式，只要气体通道内的材料的粒径大于催化剂颗粒的粒度，以防止催化剂迁移到金属导体并提供反应气体进入催化剂层。 由金属带的波纹形成的气体通道沿着气流的方向以偏移图案布置，以改善对催化剂层的反应气体分布。 定位在气体流动通道内的颗粒材料可以是陶瓷导体，例如钙钛矿或尖晶石，用于增强电流收集。

    Edge seals for molten carbonate fuel cell stacks
    7.
    发明授权
    Edge seals for molten carbonate fuel cell stacks 失效
    熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆的边缘密封

    公开(公告)号：US5478663A

    公开(公告)日：1995-12-26

    申请号：US216198

    申请日：1994-03-22

    申请人： Ned E. Cipollini ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Donald L. Maricle

    发明人： Ned E. Cipollini ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Donald L. Maricle

    IPC分类号： H01M8/14 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/24

    CPC分类号： H01M8/244 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  Y02E60/526

    摘要： The reactant manifolds and corners of a molten carbonate fuel cell stack are sealed with particulate lithium aluminate members which are sufficiently porous so as to resist significant electrolyte migration therethrough. The seal members which are disposed in vertical planes of the stack are preferentially formed from lithium aluminate grains which are bonded together by a silica-free glass binder. The seal members which are disposed in horizontal planes in the stack are preferably formed from lithium aluminate grains which are bonded together by surface hydrolysis. Alumina-clad stainless steel labyrinth seal members are associated with each of the horizontal seal members to inhibit electrolyte migration from the cell electrolyte matrices to the vertical seal members.

    摘要翻译： 熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆的反应物歧管和拐角用足够多孔的铝酸锂构件密封，以便抵抗由此产生的显着的电解质迁移。 设置在堆叠的垂直平面中的密封构件优选由铝硅酸盐颗粒形成，所述铝酸锂颗粒通过无二氧化硅的玻璃粘结剂粘合在一起。 叠置在水平面上的密封构件优选由铝酸锂颗粒形成，所述铝酸锂颗粒通过表面水解结合在一起。 氧化铝包覆的不锈钢迷宫式密封件与每个水平密封件相关联，以抑制电解质从电池电解质基质迁移到垂直密封件。

    Electrolyte matrix for molten carbonate fuel cells
    8.
    发明授权
    Electrolyte matrix for molten carbonate fuel cells 失效
    用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的电解质基质

    公开(公告)号：US4322482A

    公开(公告)日：1982-03-30

    申请号：US158019

    申请日：1980-06-09

    申请人： Calvin L. Bushnell ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Craig R. Schroll

    发明人： Calvin L. Bushnell ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Craig R. Schroll

    IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/14 ,  H01M4/86

    CPC分类号： H01M8/0295 ,  H01M8/145 ,  Y02E60/526

    摘要： Thru-cracks in the electrolyte retaining matrix of a molten carbonate fuel cell caused by thermal cycling of the cell between operating and room temperature are prevented by an improved matrix comprising a major proportion of submicron support particles and a minor proportion, perhaps only a few percent, of much larger crack attenuator particles. In one embodiment wherein the electrolyte is to be a binary lithium-potassium carbonates composition, the matrix comprises 90 volume percent submicron lithium aluminate support particles and 10 volume percent alumina crack attenuator particles with an average size of 100 microns.

    摘要翻译： 通过在操作和室温之间的电池的热循环引起的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的电解质保留基质中的裂纹通过包含主要比例的亚微米载体颗粒和较小比例的改进的基体来防止，可能只有少数百分比 ，更大的裂纹衰减剂颗粒。 在电解质为二元碳酸锂 - 碳酸钾组合物的一个实施方案中，基质包含90体积百分比的亚微米铝酸锂载体颗粒和10体积％的平均粒径为100微米的氧化铝裂解衰减剂颗粒。