摘要:
A control method of an EGR system of an engine capable of effectively performing an EGR control at a time of rapid acceleration. For this purpose, an intake air flow rate of the engine is obtained, and from a target EGR valve opening degree and a difference in pressure in front of and behind the EGR valve, a virtual EGR gas flow rate is arithmetically operated. A virtual EGR rate is obtained from the intake air flow rate, the fuel flow rate and the virtual EGR gas flow rate, and a difference from or a ratio to a target EGR rate obtained from the engine speed and the fuel flow rate is obtained. A command EGR valve opening degree is obtained from an EGR valve opening degree correction coefficient obtained from the difference or the ratio, and the target EGR valve opening degree, whereby the EGR vale is driven.
摘要:
Cylinder heads (100a to 100f are respectively provided with fuel injectors (101a to 101f). Each of the fuel injectors (101a to 101f) is connected to each of joints (105a to 105f) in a common rail (105) extending linearly through fuel injection pipes (103a to 103f). In this example, it can be achieved to allow all the fuel injection pipes (103a to 103f) to have the same length by crossing the injection pipes (103b, 103c, 103d and 103e) to connect. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the irregularities in the amount of fuel injection and to enhance the engine performance.
摘要:
A bypass conduit (23) connects an outlet passage of a compressor (21) of an exhaust gas turbocharger (20) and an inlet passage of an exhaust turbine (22), and a bypass valve (24) is provided therein. When the operating condition of a diesel engine (1) is found to be in a low-speed and high-load region, the bypass valve (24) is controlled by means of a valve controller to adjust the bypass conduit (23) so as to open it. Then, the charge air partly flows into an exhaust conduit (4) to increase the rotational speed of the exhaust turbine (22) and hence the charge air flow rate raises the output of the diesel engine (1). Additionally, as the charge air flow rate is increased, the operating condition of a compressor (21) is prevented from approaching the surging range.
摘要:
A bypass conduit (23) connects an outlet passage of a compressor (21) of an exhaust gas turbocharger (20) and an inlet passage of an exhaust turbine (22), and a bypass valve (24) is provided therein. When the operating condition of a diesel engine (1) is found to be in a low-speed and high-load region, the bypass valve (24) is controlled by means of a valve controller to adjust the bypass conduit (23) so as to open it. Then, the charge air partly flows into an exhaust conduit (4) to increase the rotational speed of the exhaust turbine (22) and hence the charge air flow rate raises the output of the diesel engine (1). Additionally, as the charge air flow rate is increased, the operating condition of a compressor (21) is prevented from approaching the surging range.
摘要:
It is an object to provide a receiving apparatus which is capable of demodulating signals with a very simple arrangement. Receiving apparatus 1 has N reception antennas 11-1-11-N, and reception antennas 11-1-11-N receive signals. Channel coefficient estimator 12 estimates and outputs channel coefficients from the signals received by respective reception antennas 11-1-11-N. QR decomposer 13 is supplied with a channel matrix having the channel coefficients as its elements, performs QR decomposition on the channel matrix, and outputs a Q matrix and an R matrix. A QH processor 14 is supplied with the Q matrix and the received signals, multiplies the received signals by a complex conjugate transposed matrix of the Q matrix, and outputs converted signal z. A transmitted sequence estimator 15 is supplied with converted signal z and the R matrix and estimates transmitted sequences.
摘要:
N sub-carriers are grouped in units of predetermined quantities in order beginning with the one exhibiting the highest communication channel quality to generate an optimal group pattern on the reception side. Then, communication channel information is calculated for each of sub-carrier groups in the optimal group pattern or a quasi-optimal group pattern which is assumed to be closest to the optimal group pattern among a plurality of previously set group pattern candidates. Communication channel information is designated as modified communication channel information. Grouping information indicative of the optimal group pattern or quasi-optimal group pattern is combined with modified communication channel information to generate feedback information. On the transmission side, sub-carriers are grouped based on reproduced feedback information reproduced from the feedback information.
摘要:
A receiving apparatus has two or more reception antennas, a data reproducer, and a likelihood information generator. The receiving apparatus operates selectively in a first reception mode and a second reception mode depending on the features of signals sent from a transmitting apparatus. In the first reception mode, the receiving apparatus reproduces data and generates likelihood information. In the second reception mode, the receiving apparatus reproduces data using the likelihood information generated in the first reception mode.
摘要:
A plasma processing apparatus is provided on the side to be directed to a workpiece W of electrodes 31, 32 with a conductive member 51 through an insulating member 41. The insulating member 41 is sandwiched between the electrodes 31, 32 and the conductive member 51. The dielectric constant and the thickness of the insulating member 41 are established such that the voltage applied to a gap 40b formed between the insulating member 41 and the conductive member 51 becomes smaller than the sparking voltage. Owing to this arrangement, electrical discharge can be prevented from occurring in the gap 40b and thus, the processing quality can be enhanced.
摘要:
In a wireless communication system having a receiver which receives, through plural reception antennae, signals transmitted from plural transmission antennae, bit likelihood can be surely calculated without requiring a selection processing. A transmitter has M transmission antennae, and transmits signals through the transmission antennae, respectively. A receiver has N reception antennae, and receives signals. K nulling devices perform nulling with use of signals received, and output part of nulling signals. K demodulation devices are inputted with nulling signals, demodulate signals, and output demodulated signals. A parallel-serial conversion device is inputted with demodulated signals, converts the parallel format thereof into a serial format, and outputs the result as demodulated data.
摘要:
In a wireless communication system having a receiver which receives, through plural reception antennae, signals transmitted from plural transmission antennae, bit likelihood can be surely calculated without requiring a selection processing. A transmitter has M transmission antennae, and transmits signals through the transmission antennae, respectively. A receiver has N reception antennae, and receives signals. K nulling devices perform nulling with use of signals received, and output part of nulling signals. K demodulation devices are inputted with nulling signals, demodulate signals, and output demodulated signals. A parallel-serial conversion device is inputted with demodulated signals, converts the parallel format thereof into a serial format, and outputs the result as demodulated data.