摘要:
A control valve arrangement for a three-valve-per-cylinder internal combustion engine. The control valve arrangement controls not only the effective length of the intake passage serving each combustion chamber, but also controls the flow through the intake passage so as to generate turbulence under low-speed and low-load conditions. The control valve further includes a pair of valves which change not only the effective flow area, but also the effective flow direction. In this way varying degrees and types of turbulence can be generated during different engine running conditions. A number of different types of valve arrangements are disclosed.
摘要:
A V-type multi-valve twin overhead cam shaft internal combustion engine and induction system therefor. The cylinder heads of the engine are formed as a unitary assembly for supporting the valves, the tappets that actuate the valves and the overhead cam shafts.
摘要:
An organic electroluminescent device includes a pair of electrodes, and a first organic layer and a second organic layer in contact with each other formed between the electrodes by a wet process. The first organic layer contains a crosslinkable organic material and includes a crosslinked layer formed by crosslinking the crosslinkable organic material at least at the interface with the second organic layer.
摘要:
An organic EL device includes an organic EL element that includes an anode having a reflective face, a cathode having a semi-transmissive reflective layer, and a functional layer, which is pinched between the anode and the cathode and includes at least an organic light emitting layer, and configures a color pixel that implements light emission corresponding to at least a red color. The color pixel configured by the organic EL element forms an optical resonator between the reflective face of the anode and the semi-transmissive reflective layer of the cathode. The color pixel corresponding to the red color has a film thickness profile of the functional layer in a convex shape in which a center portion is relatively thick, and a periphery portion is relatively thin or a concave shape in which the center portion is relatively thin, and the periphery portion is relatively thick.
摘要:
An organic electroluminescent device includes: a substrate; an organic layer that is capable of emitting light; and partition walls that surround pixel regions provided on the substrate. In the organic electroluminescent device, the organic layer is formed so as to continue to the pixel regions surrounded by the partition walls and the upper surface of the partition walls. When the height of the partition walls is set to HB and the thickness of the organic layer in the pixel regions is set to HE, the height HB of the partition walls is set to be equal to or smaller than two times the thickness HE.
摘要:
A belt cleaner is provided in which a scraping portion of a scraper becomes in contact with the belt surface over the full width thereof even when the trough-shape of the belt surface is different from the shape as expected, thereby the leavings on the belt surface will be scraped off in an optimum manner. The scraper is formed by a resiliently deformable blade which is curved and held in a holding groove of a holder so that the scraper (5) keeps an arcuate shape having a distance (L) between the central portion and the both side portions thereof with respect to the lengthwise direction of the belt. Shape shifting means (20) is provided in the holding groove (13) for transforming the scraper (5) into a desired curved configuration selected from among plural curved configurations changing the distance (L) thereby the scraper (5) is held in the selected curved configuration.
摘要:
A method for producing an organic electroluminescent device includes forming a first electrode configured to partially cover a substrate, forming an organic light-emitting layer configured to cover the first electrode, forming an optically transparent second electrode that lies on a side of the organic light-emitting layer opposite the side adjacent to the first electrode and is superposed on a current-carrying portion of the first electrode in plan, forming a third electrode in at least part of a region that is not superposed on the current-carrying portion in plan, the third electrode being electrically connected to part of the second electrode, forming an optically transparent protective layer configured to cover at least a region of the second electrode where the second electrode is not superposed on the third electrode in plan, and removing part of the organic light-emitting layer with the third electrode and the protective layer serving as a mask.
摘要:
To provide a organic EL device capable of obtaining optimal light-emitting characteristics for individual organic EL elements and improving display characteristics, a method of manufacturing the organic EL device, and an electronic apparatus. An organic EL device 1 comprises a plurality of organic EL elements, each of which has a pair of electrodes 111 and 12 and functional layers 110 including at least a hole injection layer 151 and a light-emitting layer 150 between the electrodes. A property improving layer 153 for improving the light-emitting characteristics is provided between a hole injection layer and a light-emitting layer of one organic EL element among the organic EL elements. With respect to the hole injection layers 151 and the light-emitting layers 150 in the functional layers of other organic EL elements, the structure of the hole injection layers 151 and the functional layers 110 in one organic EL element among the organic EL elements is different from components other than the at least the hole injection layers 151 and the light-emitting layers 150 in other organic EL elements.
摘要:
The invention provides an organic EL device and a method for driving the organic electroluminescent device, that is adapted to perform satisfactorily multicolor (plural colors) luminescence with a simplified structure, and to provide an illumination device and electronic apparatus including the organic electroluminescent device. The device can include a first electrode, a second electrode and a third electrode that are formed on a substrate. A first organic luminescence layer can be formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a second organic luminescence layer can be formed between the second electrode and the third electrode. The first electrode and the third electrode are electrically coupled to each other. The second electrode has transparency, and at least one of the first electrode and the third electrode has transparency. There can also be included a power switching unit for enabling switching between forward driving which allows the first electrode and the third electrode to serve as an anode and allows the second electrode to serve as a cathode, and inverse driving which allows the first electrode and the third electrode to serve as a cathode and allows the second electrode to serve as an anode.
摘要:
A variable valve timing mechanism for an internal combustion engine wherein the camshaft is supported at one end by a combined bearing and valve body member that is detachably connected to the supporting engine body. The connection is such that fluid from the engine lubricating system can be delivered to this body and distributed by control valves mounted in it. This simplifies machining of the engine body and permits a more compact, lower cost construction without sacrificing any function.