公开(公告)号：US07446878B2

公开(公告)日：2008-11-04

申请号：US11560361

申请日：2006-11-16

申请人： Trent Ridder ,  Ben ver Steeg ,  John D. Maynard ,  Zachary Benz

发明人： Trent Ridder ,  Ben ver Steeg ,  John D. Maynard ,  Zachary Benz

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01J5/02 ,  G01J3/45

CPC分类号： G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/027

摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses that can improve measurement accuracy in interferometers. The invention provides methods for determining digital compensation filters that measure a frequency response or responses to be compensated, and then determining a filter target response from the inverse of the frequency response or responses. A digital compensation filter can be determined from the filter target response using a discrete sum of cosines with a phase argument. The invention also allows other desired filter responses to be integrated into the filter target response before determining the digital compensation filter.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供能够提高干涉仪的测量精度的方法和装置。 本发明提供了用于确定测量要补偿的频率响应或响应的数字补偿滤波器的方法，然后根据频率响应或响应的倒数来确定滤波器目标响应。 可以使用具有相位自变量的离散余弦和的滤波器目标响应来确定数字补偿滤波器。 在确定数字补偿滤波器之前，本发明还允许将其它期望的滤波器响应集成到滤波器目标响应中。

公开(公告)号：US20080120052A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-22

申请号：US11560361

申请日：2006-11-16

申请人： Trent Ridder ,  Ben ver Steeg ,  John D. Maynard ,  Zachary Benz

发明人： Trent Ridder ,  Ben ver Steeg ,  John D. Maynard ,  Zachary Benz

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/027

摘要： The present invention provides methods and apparatuses that can improve measurement accuracy in interferometers. The invention provides methods for determining digital compensation filters that measure a frequency response or responses to be compensated, and then determining a filter target response from the inverse of the frequency response or responses. A digital compensation filter can be determined from the filter target response using a discrete sum of cosines with a phase argument. The invention also allows other desired filter responses to be integrated into the filter target response before determining the digital compensation filter.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供能够提高干涉仪的测量精度的方法和装置。 本发明提供了用于确定测量要补偿的频率响应或响应的数字补偿滤波器的方法，然后根据频率响应或响应的倒数来确定滤波器目标响应。 可以使用具有相位自变量的离散余弦和的滤波器目标响应来确定数字补偿滤波器。 在确定数字补偿滤波器之前，本发明还允许将其它期望的滤波器响应集成到滤波器目标响应中。

公开(公告)号：US07889349B2

公开(公告)日：2011-02-15

申请号：US11560362

申请日：2006-11-16

申请人： Trent Ridder ,  Ben ver Steeg ,  Michael Haass ,  John D. Maynard ,  Zachary Benz

发明人： Trent Ridder ,  Ben ver Steeg ,  Michael Haass ,  John D. Maynard ,  Zachary Benz

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/45

CPC分类号： G01J3/45

摘要： The present invention provides improved methods and apparatuses for accurate measurements using interferometers. A functional relationship between the optical path difference and time is determined from a reference signal from an interferometer. The times at which the interferometer had specific optical path differences can be determined from the functional relationship. Those times can then be used to select times at which the spectroscopic signal from the interferometer was produced at the specific optical path differences. The invention can be applied, as examples, to maintain instrument calibration, and to transfer or compare calibrations or measurements across different interferometers.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了使用干涉仪精确测量的改进的方法和装置。 从干涉仪的参考信号确定光程差和时间之间的功能关系。 干涉仪具有特定光程差的时间可以从功能关系确定。 然后可以使用那些时间选择在特定光程差处产生来自干涉仪的分光信号的时间。 作为示例，本发明可以应用于维持仪器校准，以及传送或比较不同干涉仪之间的校准或测量。

公开(公告)号：US20080117405A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-22

申请号：US11560362

申请日：2006-11-16

申请人： Trent Ridder ,  Ben ver Steeg ,  John D. Maynard ,  Michael Haass ,  Zachary Benz

发明人： Trent Ridder ,  Ben ver Steeg ,  John D. Maynard ,  Michael Haass ,  Zachary Benz

IPC分类号： G01C3/08

CPC分类号： G01J3/45

摘要： The present invention provides improved methods and apparatuses for accurate measurements using interferometers. A functional relationship between the optical path difference and time is determined from a reference signal from an interferometer. The times at which the interferometer had specific optical path differences can be determined from the functional relationship. Those times can then be used to select times at which the spectroscopic signal from the interferometer was produced at the specific optical path differences. The invention can be applied, as examples, to maintain instrument calibration, and to transfer or compare calibrations or measurements across different interferometers.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了使用干涉仪精确测量的改进的方法和装置。 从干涉仪的参考信号确定光程差和时间之间的功能关系。 干涉仪具有特定光程差的时间可以从功能关系确定。 然后可以使用那些时间选择在特定光程差处产生来自干涉仪的分光信号的时间。 作为示例，本发明可以应用于维持仪器校准，以及传送或比较不同干涉仪之间的校准或测量。

公开(公告)号：US07616123B2

公开(公告)日：2009-11-10

申请号：US11515565

申请日：2006-09-05

申请人： Trent Ridder ,  Ben ver Steeg ,  James McNally ,  John D. Maynard ,  Russell E. Abbink

发明人： Trent Ridder ,  Ben ver Steeg ,  James McNally ,  John D. Maynard ,  Russell E. Abbink

IPC分类号： G08B13/14

CPC分类号： G01J3/02 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0088 ,  A61B5/117 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/7264 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01N2201/129

摘要： The present invention relates generally to non-invasive methods and apparatuses for determining analyte properties of a subject and identity characteristics of a subject. Embodiments of the present invention provide analyte property determination and identity determination or verification from the same spectroscopic information, making unauthorized use or misleading results less likely that in systems that include separate analyte and identity determinations. The invention can be used to control and monitor individuals accessing controlled environments.

摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及用于确定受试者的分析物特性和受试者身份特征的非侵入性方法和装置。 本发明的实施方案提供了来自相同光谱信息的分析物质性质确定和鉴别确认或验证，使得在包括单独的分析物和身份确定的系统中不太可能使用未经授权的使用或误导结果。 本发明可用于控制和监视访问受控环境的个人。

公开(公告)号：US20080208018A1

公开(公告)日：2008-08-28

申请号：US12107764

申请日：2008-04-23

申请人： Trent Ridder ,  Rob Johnson ,  Russell Abbink ,  John D. Maynard

发明人： Trent Ridder ,  Rob Johnson ,  Russell Abbink ,  John D. Maynard

IPC分类号： A61B5/1455

CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/1455

摘要： Methods and apparatuses for the determination of an attribute of the tissue of an individual use non-invasive Raman spectroscopy. For example, the alcohol concentration in the blood or tissue of an individual can be determined non-invasively. A portion of the tissue is illuminated with light, the light propagates into the tissue where it is Raman scattered within the tissue. The Raman scattered light is then detected and can be combined with a model relating Raman spectra to alcohol concentration in order to determine the alcohol concentration in the blood or tissue of the individual. Correction techniques can be used to reduce determination errors due to detection of light other than that from Raman scattering from the alcohol in the tissue. Other biologic information can be used in combination with the Raman spectral properties to aid in the determination of alcohol concentration, for example age of the individual, height of the individual, weight of the individual, medical history of the individual and his/her family, ethnicity, skin melanin content, or a combination thereof. The method and apparatus can be highly optimized to provide reproducible and, preferably, uniform radiance of the tissue, low tissue sampling error, depth targeting of the tissue layers or sample locations that contain the attribute of interest, efficient collection of Raman spectra from the tissue, high optical throughput, high photometric accuracy, large dynamic range, excellent thermal stability, effective calibration maintenance, effective calibration transfer, built-in quality control, and ease-of-use.

摘要翻译： 用于确定个体使用非侵入性拉曼光谱的组织属性的方法和装置。 例如，可以非侵入性地确定个体的血液或组织中的酒精浓度。 组织的一部分用光照射，光传播到组织中，其中拉曼散布在组织内。 然后检测拉曼散射光，并且可以将与拉曼光谱相关的模型与酒精浓度组合以确定个体的血液或组织中的酒精浓度。 校正技术可用于减少除了来自组织中的醇的拉曼散射以外的光的检测的测定误差。 其他生物信息可以与拉曼光谱性质结合使用，以帮助确定酒精浓度，例如个体的年龄，个体的身高，个体的体重，个体及其家人的病史， 种族，皮肤黑色素含量或其组合。 该方法和装置可以被高度优化以提供组织的可再现的，优选地均匀的辐射，低组织取样误差，组织层的深度瞄准或包含感兴趣属性的样本位置，从组织中有效收集拉曼光谱 ，光学吞吐量高，光度精度高，动态范围大，热稳定性好，有效的校准维护，有效的校准传输，内置的质量控制和易于使用。

公开(公告)号：US06684099B2

公开(公告)日：2004-01-27

申请号：US10116271

申请日：2002-04-04

申请人： Trent Ridder ,  John D. Maynard ,  Russell E. Abbink ,  Robert D. Johnson

发明人： Trent Ridder ,  John D. Maynard ,  Russell E. Abbink ,  Robert D. Johnson

IPC分类号： A61B505

CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/6824

摘要： An optical sampling subsystem and method that reduces the effect of errors in an optical sampling subsystem when heterogeneously distributed samples are measured in the path of a spectrometer. The optical sampling subsystem is used to collect the non-uniformly distributed radiation exiting the heterogeneous sample and produce a uniform irradiance at its output. The output is then directed into the wavenumber (inverse of wavelength in centimeters) dispersive or modulating device of the spectrometer. The resulting spectra exhibit less spectral complexity arising from components of the sampling subsystem design and the heterogeneous sample, in particular, the effect of wavenumber shift is minimized. Improved quantitative predictions, qualitative analysis and calibration transfer are direct consequences of the reduced spectral complexity.

摘要翻译： 当在光谱仪的路径中测量非均匀分布的样本时，光采样子系统和方法可减少光采样子系统中误差的影响。 光采样子系统用于收集离散异质样品的非均匀分布的辐射，并在其输出端产生均匀的辐照度。 然后将输出引导到光谱仪的波数（以厘米为单位的波长的倒数）色散或调制装置。 所得到的光谱表现出较小的光谱复杂度，由采样子系统设计和异质样本的组成部分引起，特别是波数偏移的影响被最小化。 改进的定量预测，定性分析和校准转移是降低光谱复杂度的直接后果。

公开(公告)号：US20090234204A1

公开(公告)日：2009-09-17

申请号：US12107765

申请日：2008-04-23

申请人： Trent Ridder ,  Rob Johnson ,  Russell Abbink ,  John D. Maynard

发明人： Trent Ridder ,  Rob Johnson ,  Russell Abbink ,  John D. Maynard

IPC分类号： A61B5/1455

CPC分类号： A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/1455

摘要： Methods and apparatuses for the determination of an attribute of the tissue of an individual use non-invasive Raman spectroscopy. For example, the alcohol concentration in the blood or tissue of an individual can be determined non-invasively. A portion of the tissue is illuminated with light, the light propagates into the tissue where it is Raman scattered within the tissue. The Raman scattered light is then detected and can be combined with a model relating Raman spectra to alcohol concentration in order to determine the alcohol concentration in the blood or tissue of the individual. Correction techniques can be used to reduce determination errors due to detection of light other than that from Raman scattering from the alcohol in the tissue. Other biologic information can be used in combination with the Raman spectral properties to aid in the determination of alcohol concentration, for example age of the individual, height of the individual, weight of the individual, medical history of the individual and his/her family, ethnicity, skin melanin content, or a combination thereof. The method and apparatus can be highly optimized to provide reproducible and, preferably, uniform radiance of the tissue, low tissue sampling error, depth targeting of the tissue layers or sample locations that contain the attribute of interest, efficient collection of Raman spectra from the tissue, high optical throughput, high photometric accuracy, large dynamic range, excellent thermal stability, effective calibration maintenance, effective calibration transfer, built-in quality control, and ease-of-use.

摘要翻译： 用于确定个体使用非侵入性拉曼光谱的组织属性的方法和装置。 例如，可以非侵入性地确定个体的血液或组织中的酒精浓度。 组织的一部分用光照射，光传播到组织中，其中拉曼散布在组织内。 然后检测拉曼散射光，并且可以将与拉曼光谱相关的模型与酒精浓度组合以确定个体的血液或组织中的酒精浓度。 校正技术可用于减少除了来自组织中的醇的拉曼散射以外的光的检测的测定误差。 其他生物信息可以与拉曼光谱性质结合使用，以帮助确定酒精浓度，例如个体的年龄，个体的身高，个体的体重，个体及其家人的病史， 种族，皮肤黑色素含量或其组合。 该方法和装置可以被高度优化以提供组织的可再现的，优选地均匀的辐射，低组织取样误差，组织层的深度瞄准或包含感兴趣属性的样本位置，从组织中有效收集拉曼光谱 ，光学吞吐量高，光度精度高，动态范围大，热稳定性好，有效的校准维护，有效的校准传输，内置的质量控制和易于使用。

公开(公告)号：US06654125B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-25

申请号：US10116267

申请日：2002-04-04

申请人： John D. Maynard ,  Trent Ridder

发明人： John D. Maynard ,  Trent Ridder

IPC分类号： G01B902

CPC分类号： G01J3/453

摘要： A vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) package utilized as a laser reference for use in interferometry. The primary disadvantage of VCSELs, in terms of interferometry, has been found to be the relatively poor wavenumber stability of the beam. The present invention is a method and apparatus that makes viable a VCSEL package suitable for use as a reference in interferometry. The VCSEL package incorporates current control, temperature control and an algorithm for correcting wavenumber drift. The algorithm is derived from spectroscopic analysis of a reference sample having a known spectrum and comparing the generated spectrum to the known spectrum.

摘要翻译： 垂直腔表面发射激光器（VCSEL）封装，用作激光参考，用于干涉测量。 已经发现VCSEL在干涉测量方面的主要缺点是光束的波数相对较差。 本发明是一种可行的VCSEL封装的方法和装置，适用于干涉测量中的参考。 VCSEL封装包含电流控制，温度控制和用于校正波数漂移的算法。 该算法来源于具有已知光谱的参考样品的光谱分析，并将生成的光谱与已知光谱进行比较。

公开(公告)号：US20120283530A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-08

申请号：US13509871

申请日：2010-11-17

申请人： John D. Maynard ,  Nathaniel Matter ,  Baqiyyah Conway ,  Trevor Orchard

发明人： John D. Maynard ,  Nathaniel Matter ,  Baqiyyah Conway ,  Trevor Orchard

IPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B6/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/02007 ,  A61B5/441 ,  A61B5/6824 ,  A61B5/6887 ,  G01N21/6486 ,  G01N2021/6417 ,  G01N2021/6484 ,  G01N2201/062

摘要： Coronary artery calcification (CAC) occurs at an earlier age in diabetes and is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) in subjects with or without diabetes. One postulated mechanism for the increased CAC is the accelerated accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the vasculature. As certain collagen AGEs fluoresce, skin intrinsic fluorescence (SIF) can act as a novel maker of collagen AGEs levels. The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for detecting SIF that can be a useful marker of CAD risk and a therapeutic target.

摘要翻译： 冠状动脉钙化（CAC）发生在糖尿病的较早年龄，并且是患有或不伴有糖尿病的受试者的冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的危险因素。 增加CAC的一个假设机制是晚期糖基化终产物（AGEs）在脉管系统中的加速积累。 由于某些胶原AGEs发荧光，皮肤内在荧光（SIF）可作为胶原AGEs水平的新型制造商。 本发明提供了用于检测SIF的方法和装置，其可以是CAD风险和治疗靶标的有用标记。