摘要:
Provided is a spark-ignition internal combustion engine capable of ensuring engine output power while setting a geometric compression ratio of an engine body to a high value. In the spark-ignition internal combustion engine, each of a clearance between a top surface (3a) of a piston (3) located at a top dead center position and a lower surface (8a) of each of two intake valves (8) in a full-closed state, and a clearance between the top surface (3a) of the piston (3) located at the top dead center position and a lower surface (9a) of each of two exhaust valves (9) in a full-closed state, is set to 5 mm or more, and a stroke length S of the piston (3) is set to satisfy the following relation: S≦0.977×B+18.2, where B is a bore diameter of a cylinder.
摘要:
There is provided, in one aspect of the present description, an internal combustion engine system. In one example, the system comprises a controller configured to control an intake valve closing timing varying mechanism to vary a closing timing of the intake valve to regulate air charged in a combustion chamber in accordance with engine operating conditions and, in a first engine operating condition where a least volume of air is required to be charged into the combustion chamber, retard a closing timing of the intake valve to a most retarded crank angle which is after bottom dead center during a cylinder cycle and satisfies the following formulas: α≧−0.2685×ε02+10.723×ε0+15.815 and ε0≧11.0, where α is the most retarded crank angle and ε0 is a geometric compression ratio of the engine.
摘要:
There is provided, in one aspect of the present description, an internal combustion engine system. In one example, the system comprises a controller configured to control an intake valve closing timing varying mechanism to vary a closing timing of the intake valve to regulate air charged in a combustion chamber in accordance with engine operating conditions and, in a first engine operating condition where a least volume of air is required to be charged into the combustion chamber, retard a closing timing of the intake valve to a most retarded crank angle which is after bottom dead center during a cylinder cycle and satisfies the following formulas: α≧−0.2685×ε02+10.723×ε0+15.815 and ε0≧11.0, where α is the most retarded crank angle and ε0 is a geometric compression ratio of the engine.
摘要:
[Problem]To provide a feed for fish farming which is excellent in terms of stability of feed supply and feed shelf life and which has excellent feed intake and feed efficiency.[Solution]A feed for fish farming consisting of an outer layer and an inner layer, characterized in that a composition constituting the outer layer has a breaking stress of 5×104 to 1×106 N/m2, a cohesiveness (30%) of 0.4 to 1.0, and a breaking strain of 30 to 80%. A feed for fish farming characterized by consisting of an outer layer constructed from a heat-induced gel which comprises a protein and/or a starch, and an inner layer comprising a composition which contains nutrient ingredients having fish meal and an oil as essential ingredients. As the protein, surimi, ground fish meat, krill, gelatin, collagen, gluten, egg albumen and soy bean protein are preferred. As the starch, tapioca starch, wheat starch, potato starch, corn starch, bean starch, waxy corn starch and processed products of these starches are preferred.
摘要翻译:[问题]提供饲料供应稳定性和饲料保质期优异的鱼饲料,并且具有优异的进料量和进料效率。 [解决方案]一种由外层和内层构成的鱼饲料,其特征在于,构成外层的组合物的断裂应力为5×10 4〜1×10 6 N / m 2,内聚力(30%)为 0.4〜1.0,断裂应变为30〜80%。 一种用于鱼类养殖的饲料,其特征在于由包含蛋白质和/或淀粉的热诱导凝胶构成的外层,以及包含含有具有鱼粉和油作为必需成分的营养成分的组合物的内层。 作为蛋白质,优选鱼糜,地面鱼肉,磷虾,明胶,胶原蛋白,麸质,蛋清蛋白和大豆蛋白。 作为淀粉,木薯淀粉,小麦淀粉,马铃薯淀粉,玉米淀粉,豆淀粉,蜡质玉米淀粉和这些淀粉的加工产物是优选的。
摘要:
In a distribution winding stator using a coil for a rectangular conductor, a coil end is made smaller than before, and the reduction in the current density is aimed, so that a rotary electric machine of a small size and a high power output is obtained. A conductive wire of a rectangular shape in cross section is double-wound, and is allowed to be shifted by the whole width of the wire having double-wound the crowns of both ends, and is formed to crank shape so as to become a length within the range of the intervals of the adjacent slots, so that the conductive wire is formed by being inserted into the slot of the stator.
摘要:
An electric rotating machine includes a stator, a rotor inserted in a bore of the stator such that an air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor, and a plurality of permanent magnets embedded in a peripheral portion of the rotor core of the rotor in a circumferential arrangement. Slits are formed in portions of the rotor core each extending between the adjacent magnetic poles. Compressive stress is induced in portions of the rotor core each extending between the slit and the permanent magnet when stress is induced in the portion of the stator core extending between the slit and the permanent magnet by centrifugal force produced when the rotor rotates and acting on the permanent magnet and a pole piece covering the permanent magnet.
摘要:
In a fluid abrasive machining method for abrasively machining a fine pore on a work (5) to be machined by supplying a slurry (7) which is an abrasive machining fluid from a supplying device (2) to the work to be machined comprising steps of: supplying the slurry to the work to be machined from the supplying device; measuring a first pressure (P1) upstream in a discharge side of the supplying device; measuring a second pressure (P2) downstream of a measuring point of the first pressure (P1) and at an upstream side of the work to be machined; calculating a pressure difference (dp) between the first pressure and the second pressure; and terminating a machining operation when the pressure difference dp reaches a specific value. A fluid abrasive machining apparatus (100) which can perform the above-mentioned fluid abrasive machining method is provided.
摘要:
In a lysholm compressor having intermeshing male and female rotors rotated in a casing to compress an axially flowing gas, discharge-side shafts of the rotors are borne by discharge-side bearings to fix the discharge-side shafts in thrust direction while suction-side shafts of the rotors are borne by suction-side bearings to allow the suction-side shafts to move in the thrust direction. Clearances of the rotors to the casing are properly set or selected.
摘要:
A high-pressure fuel pump is provided for an internal combustion engine having an intake system and an exhaust system installed to the front and back of the engine, respectively. The fuel pump is located adjacent to a front upper part of the engine so as to be driven by a camshaft, but is positioned in an inclined position relative to the engine instead of a vertical position. This arrangement shifts the fuel pump backward in installing position with an effect of eliminating mechanical interference of the fuel pump with an engine compartment hood, and provides a long distance between the fuel pump and a dash panel behind the fuel pump with an effect of lowing energy of an impact applied to the fuel pump from the dash panel when the engine moves rearward due to a front-end collision.
摘要:
A power train has an engine, such as a multi-valve, double overhead camshaft engine, which is equipped with a mechanical supercharger and an intercooler, and a transmission operationally coupled to the engine. The engine, which is adapted to provide the maximum output according to the maximum supercharge volume of the mechanical supercharger, has an intake valve closing time which is retarded more than 65 degrees of a crank angle after bottom dead center on an intake stroke and a maximum speed for the maximum output of less than 6,000 rpm. The transmission provides, in its highest gear, the power train with a total reduction ratio in a relatively small range of 2.1 to 2.8.