摘要:
A process for producing dimethylhexanes (DMH) is provided. The DMH can be used to produce p-xylene. The process involves the alkylation of isobutane and 1-butene using an ionic liquid to produce naphtha that is rich in DMH. The DMH is then converted in high selectivity to xylene, including p-xylene, by dehydrocyclization.
摘要:
A process for oxidizing and crystallizing alkyl aromatics is described. The solvent and operating conditions are controlled to maintain the aromatic carboxylic acid in solution in the reaction zone, and the aromatic carboxylic acid is crystallized in a downstream crystallizer, resulting in reduced impurity levels in the product.
摘要:
A pyrolytic reactor comprising a fuel injection zone, a combustion zone adjacent to the fuel injections zone, an expansion zone adjacent to the combustion zone, a feedstock injection zone comprising a plurality of injection nozzles and disposed adjacent to the expansion zone, a mixing zone configured to mix a carrier stream and feed material and disposed adjacent to the feedstock injection zone, and a reaction zone adjacent to the mixing zone. The plurality of injection nozzles are radially distributed in a first assembly defining a first plane transverse to the feedstock injection zone and in a second assembly transverse to the feedstock injection zone.
摘要:
Recycle of an extract stream containing a contaminant is used to improve recovery of hydrocarbons in a contaminant removal process. At least a portion of an extract stream is recycled to a contaminant extraction zone and contacted with rich ionic liquid. Contaminants in the recycle extract stream are transferred to the rich ionic liquid.
摘要:
Processes and apparatuses converting poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). An oxidation reaction zone, preferably a thermal oxidizer, is used to oxidize the PFAS into fluoride species. A reaction zone having at least one reactor containing a solid reactant for neutralizing the fluoride species is provided. The solid reactant is also configured to degrade any PFAS remaining in the effluent from the oxidation zone. A cooling zone, for example, a quench zone may be between the reaction zone and the oxidation zone. The PFAS may be liquid PFAS that is injected into the thermal oxidizer.
摘要:
Processes and apparatuses for heating process fluid in a furnace. Fuel to the furnace is either hydrocarbons or hydrogen. The fuels may be sent to different furnaces or be sent at different times to the same furnace. Furnaces that are configured to receive both types of fuels may have different exhaust paths. An exhaust path for hydrocarbon fuel flue gas includes a carbon capture process zone.
摘要:
Apparatuses and associated methods for forming olefins from saturated hydrocarbon feedstock are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a carrier gas is introduced at a supersonic velocity to a feedstock injector section. A feedstock gas is introduced to the carrier gas stream using feedstock injectors that are offset in the streamwise direction one from another. The upstream feedstock injectors are positioned to inject feedstock gas to create plumes that improve penetration depth of the feedstock gas and reduce pressure losses at the downstream feedstock injectors. The feedstock gas can be regeneratively preheated by cooling the convergent-divergent nozzle. Water, steam and/or hydrogen gas can be injected into the apparatus for cooling the throat of the convergent-divergent nozzle.
摘要:
A pyrolytic reactor comprising a fuel injection zone, a combustion zone adjacent to the fuel injections zone, an expansion zone adjacent to the combustion zone, a feedstock injection zone comprising a plurality of injection nozzles and disposed adjacent to the expansion zone, a mixing zone configured to mix a carrier stream and feed material and disposed adjacent to the feedstock injection zone, and a reaction zone adjacent to the mixing zone. The plurality of injection nozzles are radially distributed in a first assembly defining a first plane transverse to the feedstock injection zone and in a second assembly transverse to the feedstock injection zone.
摘要:
Recycle of an extract stream containing a contaminant is used to improve recovery of hydrocarbons in a contaminant removal process. At least a portion of an extract stream is recycled to a contaminant extraction zone and contacted with rich ionic liquid. Contaminants in the recycle extract stream are transferred to the rich ionic liquid.
摘要:
A reactor comprising a thermal barrier surrounding a combustion zone. The reactor further comprises a cooling jacket inner wall and a binder disposed between the cooling jacket inner wall and the thermal barrier, and a cooling jacket outer wall, wherein the cooling jacket inner wall and the cooling jacket outer wall define a cooling channel. The reactor further comprises an outer reactor wall disposed over the cooling jacket outer wall, wherein the outer reactor wall is impermeable and is configured to contain high pressure gas within the reactor.