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    Method and system for data synchronization in communication systems using repetitive preamble patterns
    8.
    发明授权
    Method and system for data synchronization in communication systems using repetitive preamble patterns 有权
    使用重复前导码模式的通信系统中数据同步的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US08964789B1

    公开(公告)日：2015-02-24

    申请号：US12609862

    申请日：2009-10-30

    申请人： Jungwon Lee ,  Jiwoong Choi ,  Qing Zhao ,  Hui-Ling Lou

    发明人： Jungwon Lee ,  Jiwoong Choi ,  Qing Zhao ,  Hui-Ling Lou

    IPC分类号： H04J3/06

    CPC分类号： H04L27/2643 ,  H04L7/042 ,  H04L27/2613 ,  H04L27/2656 ,  H04L2027/0026

    摘要： Methods and apparatus for data synchronization in communication systems using repetitive preamble patterns. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a signal, where the received signal includes a data unit. The data unit includes a preamble symbol, and the preamble symbol has a start time and includes Q portions, each having the same pattern. The method further includes determining multiple possible values of a frame timing (FT). The method further includes determining multiple correlation functions including at least one correlation function corresponding to each of the multiple possible values of the FT, such that a given correlation function corresponding to a given possible value of the FT represents a correlation between data in two non-adjacent portions of the Q portions associated with the given FT. The method further includes selecting one of the multiple possible values of the FT based at least in part on the multiple determined correlation functions.

    摘要翻译： 使用重复前导码模式的通信系统中的数据同步的方法和装置。 在一个实施例中，一种方法包括接收信号，其中所接收的信号包括数据单元。 数据单元包括前导符号，并且前导码符号具有开始时间，并且包括各自具有相同模式的Q个部分。 该方法还包括确定帧定时（FT）的多个可能值。 该方法还包括确定包括与FT的多个可能值中的每一个相对应的至少一个相关函数的多个相关函数，使得对应于FT的给定可能值的给定相关函数表示两个非可变值中的数据之间的相关性， 与给定FT相关联的Q部分的相邻部分。 该方法还包括至少部分地基于多个确定的相关函数来选择FT的多个可能值中的一个。

    Frame synchronization in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems
    9.
    发明授权
    Frame synchronization in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems 有权
    正交频分复用系统中的帧同步

    公开(公告)号：US08160169B1

    公开(公告)日：2012-04-17

    申请号：US13214766

    申请日：2011-08-22

    申请人： Jungwon Lee ,  Qing Zhao

    发明人： Jungwon Lee ,  Qing Zhao

    IPC分类号： H04K1/10

    CPC分类号： H04L27/2647 ,  H04L5/0007 ,  H04L25/0224 ,  H04L27/2613 ,  H04L27/2656 ,  H04L27/2657 ,  H04L27/2662

    摘要： A system including a magnitude measuring module, an energy normalization module, and a metric generation module. The magnitude measuring module is configured to measure magnitudes of real portions of differentially demodulated signals, wherein the differentially demodulated signals are generated by differential demodulation of signals received from a base station. The energy normalization module is configured to generate a sum of energies of a plurality of subcarriers included in the signals received from the base station. The metric generation module is configured to generate a plurality of metrics for a plurality of symbols included in the signals received from the base station. The metric generation module is further configured to detect, based on the plurality of metrics, a preamble symbol included in the signals received from the base station.

    摘要翻译： 一种包括幅度测量模块，能量归一化模块和度量生成模块的系统。 幅度测量模块被配置为测量差分解调信号的实部的幅度，其中通过对从基站接收的信号的差分解调产生差分解调信号。 能量归一化模块被配置为生成包括在从基站接收的信号中的多个子载波的能量之和。 度量生成模块被配置为为从基站接收的信号中包括的多个符号生成多个度量。 度量生成模块还被配置为基于多个度量来检测包括在从基站接收的信号中的前导码符号。

    Method for controlling microbial biofilm in aqueous systems
    10.
    发明授权
    Method for controlling microbial biofilm in aqueous systems 有权
    在水系统中控制微生物生物膜的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07824557B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-11-02

    申请号：US11835722

    申请日：2007-08-08

    申请人： Wilson Kurt Whitekettle ,  Gloria Jean Tafel ,  Qing Zhao

    发明人： Wilson Kurt Whitekettle ,  Gloria Jean Tafel ,  Qing Zhao

    IPC分类号： C02F1/50

    CPC分类号： C02F1/50 ,  A01N47/44 ,  A01N47/48 ,  C02F2303/20 ,  C02F2305/14 ,  Y10S210/916 ,  A01N25/04 ,  A01N2300/00

    摘要： A process has been found which increases the efficiency and effectiveness of introducing antimicrobial compounds into complex biofilm matrices through the use of liposome carriers, thereby removing the biofouling in industrial water bearing systems, including piping, heat exchanges, condensers, filtration systems and fluid storage tanks.According to one embodiment of the invention, antimicrobial compound containing liposomes are added to water systems prone to biofouling and biofilm formation. The liposomes, being similar in composition to microbial membranes or cells, are readily incorporated into the existing biofilm. Once the antimicrobial compound containing liposomes become entrained with the biofilm matrix, the decomposition or programmed disintegration of the liposome proceeds. Thereafter the biocidal aqueous core is released to react directly with the biofilm encased microorganisms. Upon the death of the organisms, the polysaccharide/protein matrix decomposes and thereby results in reduced fouling of the water bearing system, resulting in increased heat transfer, increased flux, less deposit of colloidal and particulate solids and dissolved organics on the surface of the microfiltration membrane, thereby reducing the frequency and duration of the membrane cleaning and ultimate replacement.

    摘要翻译： 已经发现了一种通过使用脂质体载体将抗微生物化合物引入复合生物膜基质的效率和有效性的方法，从而消除工业含水系统中的生物污垢，包括管道，热交换器，冷凝器，过滤系统和流体储存罐 。 根据本发明的一个实施方案，将含抗微生物化合物的脂质体加入容易生物结垢和生物膜形成的水体系中。 与微生物膜或细胞组成相似的脂质体容易并入现有的生物膜中。 一旦包含脂质体的抗微生物化合物变得与生物膜基质夹带，就可以进行脂质体的分解或程序分解。 此后，释放杀生物活性的水性核心直接与生物膜包裹的微生物反应。 当生物体死亡时，多糖/蛋白质基质分解，从而导致含水系统的结垢减少，导致增加的热传递，增加的通量，较少的胶体和颗粒固体的沉积以及溶解的有机物在微量过滤表面上 膜，从而降低膜清洗的频率和持续时间并最终更换。