摘要:
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is based on the non-structural protein 7 (nsp7) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and provides for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of serum antibodies directed against Type 1 (European) and Type 2 (North American) PRRSV. The invention provides a serological assay for the detection and/or differentiation of serum antibodies directed against Type 1 and/or Type 2 PRRSV utilizing PRRSV nsp7 as an antigen, and provides a diagnostic method for the detection of PRRSV infection, epidemiological surveys, and outbreak investigations. The invention may be used either alone or as a follow-up assay to determine the true status of unexpected positive results that may occur using other assays, such as the IDEXX HERDCHEK PRRS ELISA.
摘要:
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major problem in the pork industry worldwide. The inclusion of markers in vaccines will allow for diagnostic differentiation of vaccinated animals from those naturally infected with wild-type virus. Using a cDNA infectious clone of North American Type 1 PRRSV, a recombinant green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged PRRSV has been made, containing deletion of an immunogenic epitope, ES4, in the nsp2 region. GFP and ES4 epitope-based ELISAs compliment the marker identification.
摘要:
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major problem in the pork industry worldwide. The inclusion of markers in vaccines will allow for diagnostic differentiation of vaccinated animals from those naturally infected with wild-type virus. Using a cDNA infectious clone of North American Type 1 PRRSV, a recombinant green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged PRRSV has been made, containing deletion of an immunogenic epitope, ES4, in the nsp2 region. GFP and ES4 epitope-based ELISAs compliment the marker identification.
摘要:
A solid state molecular sensor having an aperture extending through a thickness of a sensing region is configured with a sensing region thickness that corresponds to the characteristic extent of at least a component of a molecular species to be translocated through the aperture. A change in an electrical characteristic of the sensing region is measured during the molecular species translocation. The sensor can be configured as a field effect transistor molecular sensor. The sensing region can be a region of graphene including an aperture extending through a thickness of the graphene.
摘要:
According to one embodiment of the invention, a method of accessing instruction data from a memory comprises steps of specifying a predetermined address of a memory for storing instruction data; writing instruction data to the predetermined address in the memory; reading the instruction data from the predetermined address after the step of writing instruction data; and determining whether the instruction data is valid. According to another embodiment of the invention, a method describes a method of accessing instruction data from a memory by way of first and second data buses. According to a further embodiment, instruction data read back from the memory is multiplexed to a memory controller. A circuit for accessing instruction data written to a memory is also described.
摘要:
The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wires for use in determining analytes suspected to be present in a sample, especially in connection with determining information about a sample containing, or suspected of containing, two or more analytes. For example, the invention can involve a competitive, uncompetitive, or non-competitive binding assay including a nanoscale wire to a sample containing a species able to interact with the retain entity to produce a product, where the sample also contains or is suspected of containing a second species able to interact with the reaction entity to prevent production of the product resulting from interaction of the first species and the reaction entity. Based upon determination of production of the product, determination of the second species in the sample can be made. In one set of embodiments, nanoscale wires can be used that have been functionalized at their surface, and/or in close proximity to their surface, for example, by immobilizing a protein or an enzyme relative to the nanoscale wire. Functionalization may permit interaction of the nanoscale wire with various analytes, and such interaction may induce a determinable change in a property of the nanoscale wire. Determination of two or more analytes, o one analyte and the suspected presence of another analyte can involve, for example, binding species to a protein or an enzyme immobilized relative to the nanoscale wire. Other aspects of the invention include assays, sensors, detectors, and/or other devices that include functionalized nanoscale wires, methods of making and/or using functionalized nanoscale wires (for example, in drug screening or high throughput screening) and the like.
摘要:
The present invention generally relates to nanotechnology and sub-microelectronic circuitry, as well as associated methods and devices, for example, nanoscale wire devices and methods for use in determining nucleic acids or other analytes suspected to be present in a sample (for example, their presence and/or dynamical information), e.g., at the single molecule level. For example, a nanoscale wire device can be used in some cases to detect single base mismatches within a nucleic acid (e.g., by determining association and/or dissociation rates). In one aspect, dynamical information such as a binding constant, an association rate, and/or a dissociation rate, can be determined between a nucleic acid or other analyte, and a binding partner immobilized relative to a nanoscale wire. In some cases, the nanoscale wire includes a first portion comprising a metal-semiconductor compound, and a second portion that does not include a metal-semiconductor compound. The binding partner, in some embodiments, is immobilized relative to at least the second portion of the nanoscale wire, and the size of the second portion of the nanoscale wire may be minimized and/or controlled in some instances. Articles and devices of size greater than the nanoscale are also included in certain embodiments. Still other aspects of the invention include assays, sensors, kits, and/or other devices that include such nanoscale wires, methods of making and/or using such nanoscale wires, or the like.
摘要:
A printing device (100, 200) may include a carriage (101, 201) to hold an integrated printhead (103, 203) in the printing device; a manifold latch (105, 205) to connect the integrated printhead and an ink tank connector in a locked position; and a controller (109, 209) to align the carriage within the printing device based on a level of health of the integrated printhead and a latching position of the manifold latch. Furthermore, a non-transitory computer readable medium and a printing method are disclosed.
摘要:
The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wire devices and methods for use in determining nucleic acids or other analytes suspected to be present in a sample. For example, a nanoscale wire device can be used to detect single base mismatches within a nucleic acid (e.g., by determining association and/or dissociation rates). In one aspect, dynamical information such as a binding constant, an association rate, and/or a dissociation rate, can be determined between an analyte and a binding partner immobilized relative to a nanoscale wire. In some cases, the nanoscale wire includes a first portion comprising a metal-semiconductor compound, and a second portion that does not include a metal-semiconductor compound. The binding partner, in some embodiments, is immobilized relative to at least the second portion of the nanoscale wire, and the size of the second portion of the nanoscale wire may be minimized and/or controlled in some instances.
摘要:
Methods for detecting at least seven cytokines in a porcine biological sample are provided. Also provided are multiplex assay kits that allow for the detection and quantification of the cytokines in a single reaction mixture. Use of the methods and kits for diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of immunity is also contemplated.