摘要:
Disclosed herein are a trench substrate and a method of manufacturing the same. The trench substrate includes a base substrate, an insulating layer formed on one side or both sides of the base substrate and including trenches formed in a circuit region and a dummy region positioned at a peripheral edge of the trench substrate, and a circuit layer formed in the trenches of the circuit region through a plating process and including a circuit pattern and vias. Thanks to formation of the trenches in the dummy region and the cutting region, deviation in thickness of a plating layer formed on the insulating layer in a plating process is improved upon.
摘要:
Provided are a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same. Since an additional space for forming a shield line is unnecessary, the critical dimension of metal lines is reduced, thereby improving data transfer characteristics, signaling characteristics and noise characteristics of the metal lines. The semiconductor device includes: a plurality of metal lines disposed on the semiconductor device; a plurality of insulation layers disposed on the metal lines; and a plurality of shield lines disposed between the insulation layers.
摘要:
Provided is a multi-mode open-loop type clock extraction apparatus. In the apparatus, a power divider block divides an input data signal into two data signals. A first band-pass filter block and a second band-pass filter block extract a first clock frequency component or a second clock frequency component contained in the data signal output from the power divider. A first amplifier block and a second amplifier block amplify the first clock frequency component and the second clock frequency component respectively. Accordingly, it is possible to extract the respective clock signals corresponding to N data rates from the N data signals with various data rates using a single clock extraction apparatus.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes an insulating layer and an undoped polysilicon layer that are stacked over a semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor substrate is exposed by removing the portions of the undoped polysilicon layer and the insulating layer. The trenches are formed by etching the exposed semiconductor substrate. Isolation layers are formed in the trenches, and a doped polysilicon layer is formed by implanting impurities into the undoped polysilicon layer.
摘要:
Provided are a photonic cross-connector system, a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system using the photonic cross-connector system, and an optical communication network based on the WDM system. The photonic cross-connector system includes: an optical coupler branching an input optical signal into a plurality of paths; a wavelength selective switch (WSS) extracting at least one wavelength signal from the input optical signal and outputting the extracted wavelength signal to at least one port; a WDM multi-casting apparatus simultaneously copying and reproducing the input optical signal into different wavelengths and changing modulation methods of the input optical signal into different types of modulation methods; an optical transmitter and/or receiver branching and coupling the input optical signal; and a control system controlling the optical coupler, the WSS, the WDM multicasting apparatus, and the optical transmitter and/or receiver.
摘要:
Provided is a system for providing an item generation service for generating an artificial intelligence-based dynamic game environment, the system comprising: a space database unit that collects topography and weather information of at least one area, converts the collected topography and weather information into 3D content, stores the 3D content, and includes a user interface for designing and setting a real estate object corresponding to at least one building or land; a character setting unit including a user interface for setting the gender, height, weight, and body type of a character, and setting a growth rate according to a training level; an item generation service providing server including an item generation unit for generating an item having the desired size, weight, design, resistance, hardness, and durability by combining at least one type of material; and a user terminal for defining and designing each of at least one attribute forming a space, a character, and an item in the item generation service providing server, and selling, purchasing, and exchanging a completed item.
摘要:
A medical punching/cauterizing device includes a handle having a body, a cap detachably coupled to a front portion of the body, a connection terminal coupled to the body and electrically connected to a power supply means, a conductor provided in the front portion of the body and having one end electrically connected to the connection terminal, and a guide wire provided on a front portion of the handle and having one end electrically connected to the conductor.
摘要:
Provided are a channel express/add optical module and a method of channel express/add in an optical add/drop multiplexer node using the channel express/add optical module. The channel express/add optical module comprises: a multiplexer/demultiplexer which demultiplexes a multiplexed optical signal having a plurality of wavelengths into individual wavelength optical signals or multiplexes a plurality of different wavelength optical signals; a plurality of 1×2 switches each of which includes a first output end that guides the demultiplexed different wavelength optical signals to output them thereto and a second output end through which new wavelength optical signals; and a plurality of reflectors each of which reflects the optical signal output to the first output end so that the optical signal is feedback to the multiplexer/demultiplexer via the 1×2 switches.The channel express/add optical module and the method of channel express/add in an OADM using this optical module are applied to a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer system, and can express/add multiplexed channels in a node using a simple structure.
摘要:
Provided is an optical network node device. According to the optical network node device, a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) based or a blocker based 4-terminals ROADM can be used in a node of at least degree 3, a proceeding direction of a wavelength channel can be changed in an electrical cross connect switch, and transmission in a unit smaller than a wavelength channel can be cross connected, dropped, and added, or transmission capacity can be redistributed in the electrical cross connect switch. Accordingly, efficient transmission in a small capacity and large capacity transmission of a wavelength channel can be performed simultaneously, and thus an optical network can be effectively managed. Also, since the node of at least degree 3 uses the PLC based or a blocker based reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer (ROADM), the node of at least degree 3 can use the same ROADM module as a node of degree 2. Accordingly, the optical network node device has an advantage in manufacturing and managing a node.