Measurement of residual and thermally-induced stress in a rail
    1.
    发明授权
    Measurement of residual and thermally-induced stress in a rail 有权
    轨道中残余和热诱导应力的测量

    公开(公告)号:US07053606B2

    公开(公告)日:2006-05-30

    申请号:US10535211

    申请日:2004-02-13

    CPC classification number: G01N27/72 G01L1/12 G01L5/0047

    Abstract: In a railway line, thermally-induced stresses are a factor for both rail breaks and rail buckling. These stresses are in the longitudinal direction. A nondestructive measuring technique enables the residual stress in a rail to be determined, and hence the thermally-induced stress. An electromagnetic probe is used to measure the stresses in the rail web in the vertical direction, and in the direction parallel to the longitudinal axis. The residual stress in the longitudinal direction can be deduced from the measured stress in the vertical direction; hence the thermally-induced stress can be determined.

    Abstract translation: 在铁路线路中,热应力是轨道断裂和轨道弯曲的一个因素。 这些应力在纵向上。 非破坏性测量技术可以确定轨道中的残余应力,从而确定热诱导应力。 使用电磁探头来测量轨道腹板在垂直方向和平行于纵向轴线的方向上的应力。 纵向上的残余应力可以从测量的垂直方向的应力推导出来; 因此可以确定热诱导应力。

    Fire suppressant powder
    2.
    发明授权
    Fire suppressant powder 失效
    防火粉

    公开(公告)号:US5938969A

    公开(公告)日:1999-08-17

    申请号:US984156

    申请日:1997-12-03

    CPC classification number: A62D1/0014 C01D7/07

    Abstract: A fire suppressant powder with particle sizes less than 5 .mu.m is made by a chemical reaction between a gas or vapour of a first material and a vapour or an aerosol of a second material. For example an aerosol of sodium hydroxide droplets may be reacted with carbon dioxide gas to produce sodium bicarbonate powder; or boron halide vapour may be reacted with steam to form boric acid powder The powder may be used in fire extinguishers either on its own, or combined with other ingredients such as silica and/or alumina, and calcium stearate.

    Abstract translation: 通过第一材料的气体或蒸汽与第二材料的蒸汽或气溶胶之间的化学反应来制造粒径小于5μm的防火粉末。 例如,氢氧化钠滴液的气溶胶可以与二氧化碳气体反应产生碳酸氢钠粉末; 或卤化硼蒸汽可以与蒸汽反应以形成硼酸粉末。粉末可以单独使用在灭火器中,或者与其他成分例如二氧化硅和/或氧化铝以及硬脂酸钙组合使用。

    Oil well treatment
    3.
    发明授权
    Oil well treatment 失效
    油井处理

    公开(公告)号:US5893416A

    公开(公告)日:1999-04-13

    申请号:US980440

    申请日:1997-11-28

    Inventor: Peter Arne Read

    Abstract: Corrosion, scale-formation, or other deleterious processes are inhibited in an oil well by installing within the oil well (10) fluid-permeable elements, such as tubular filters (20), which comprises a suppressing material. Each filter (20) comprises two tubular filter screens (24) between which is a bed (26) of particles comprising suitable inhibitor material. The particles might for example be porous ceramic spheres impregnated with the inhibitor material. The inhibitor material gradually dissolves in the well fluids during operation, and may for example inhibit corrosion and/or scale formation.

    Abstract translation: 通过在油井(10)中安装流体可渗透元件(例如包含抑制材料的管状过滤器(20)),在油井中抑制腐蚀,结垢或其它有害过程。 每个过滤器(20)包括两个管状过滤网(24),在其间是包含合适的抑制剂材料的颗粒床(26)。 颗粒可以是例如浸渍有抑制剂材料的多孔陶瓷球。 抑制剂材料在操作过程中逐渐溶解在井液中,例如可以抑制腐蚀和/或氧化皮的形成。

    Generator of ribbon-shaped ion beam
    4.
    发明授权
    Generator of ribbon-shaped ion beam 失效
    带状离子束发生器

    公开(公告)号:US5866909A

    公开(公告)日:1999-02-02

    申请号:US875822

    申请日:1997-08-07

    CPC classification number: H01J49/10 H01J27/20 H01J37/05

    Abstract: A mass-analysed ion beam generator in which the ion beam is in the form of a thin flat ribbon with its major transverse dimension aligned parallel with the direction of the mass-analysing magnetic field.

    Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / GB96 / 00359 Sec。 371日期1997年8月7日 102(e)日期1997年8月7日PCT 1996年2月16日PCT公布。 出版物WO96 / 26530 日期1996年8月29日一种质量分析离子束发生器,其中离子束是薄平坦带形式,其主横向尺寸与质量分析磁场的方向平行排列。

    Double lid system
    5.
    发明授权
    Double lid system 失效
    双盖系统

    公开(公告)号:US5857308A

    公开(公告)日:1999-01-12

    申请号:US912309

    申请日:1997-07-14

    CPC classification number: G21F5/12 G21F7/005

    Abstract: A double lid system is provided with an electric motor (44) to actuate mechanisms to release the lid (20) from a drum (18) and simultaneously clamp the lid (20) to a door (14) of a port (or vice versa), and with an electric motor (74) to withdraw the door (14) from the port to open the port (or to close it). The system is monitored by sensors (60,62,64,82) associated with an electronic logic interlock to ensure the correct sequence of operations of the motors (44,74). The sensors (60,62,64,82) and the motors (44,74) are readily demountable for remote maintenance or replacement. The door-opening motor (74) may he a linear actuator cooperating with a part-helical slot (80) to open the door (14) and then swing it clear of the port.

    Abstract translation: 双盖系统设置有电动机(44)以致动机构,以将盖(20)从滚筒(18)释放,同时将盖(20)夹在端口的门(14) )和电动马达(74)从门口抽出门(14)以打开端口(或关闭)。 传感器(60,62,64,82)由与电子逻辑互锁相关联的传感器(60,62,64,82)进行监控,以确保电动机(44,74)的正确操作顺序。 传感器(60,62,64,82)和电动机(44,74)易于拆卸以用于远程维护或更换。 开门电动机(74)可以是与部分螺旋槽(80)协作以打开门(14)并且然后将其摆脱端口的线性致动器。

    Ultrasonic inspection
    7.
    发明授权
    Ultrasonic inspection 失效
    超声波检查

    公开(公告)号:US6105431A

    公开(公告)日:2000-08-22

    申请号:US945852

    申请日:1997-11-07

    Abstract: A plate (12) or pipe wall is inspected by coupling an ultrasonic transducer (14, 16) to its surface so as to generate a compression wave or lateral wave (26) along the surface and a shear wave or head wave (28) along the surface and a shear wave or head wave (28) at the shear-compression critical angle (.theta..sub.c) The same transducer (14, 16), or an additional transducer (15, 16) also coupled to the surface, detects a series of ultrasonic peaks corresponding to each generated ultrasonic pulse. Each such detected peak corresponds to ultrasonic energy traveling, partly as lateral waves (26, 32) on one surface or the other, and partly as head waves (28, 30) crossing a certain number of times between the surfaces. The transducers (14, 15) may be over 0.5 m apart, and substantially all the intervening parts of the plate (12) are inspected.

    Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / GB96 / 01078 Sec。 371日期:1997年11月7日 102(e)日期1997年11月7日PCT提交1996年5月7日PCT公布。 出版物WO96 / 36874 日期1996年11月21日通过将超声波换能器(14,16)耦合到其表面来检查板(12)或管壁,以便沿着表面产生压缩波或横波(26),并且产生剪切波或头 沿着表面的波(28)和剪切波或头波(28)处于剪切压缩临界角(θc)。相同的换能器(14,16)或附加的换能器(15,16)也耦合到 表面,检测与每个产生的超声波脉冲相对应的一系列超声峰。 每个这样的检测到的峰值对应于在一个表面上或另一个上部分地作为横向波(26,32)行进的超声波能量,并且部分地作为在两个表面之间穿过一定次数的头波(28,30)。 换能器(14,15)可以相隔超过0.5m,并且检查板(12)的基本上所有的中间部分。

    Magnetically insulated line oscillator microwave pulse generator
    8.
    发明授权
    Magnetically insulated line oscillator microwave pulse generator 失效
    磁绝缘线路振荡器微波脉冲发生器

    公开(公告)号:US6034572A

    公开(公告)日:2000-03-07

    申请号:US848089

    申请日:1997-06-04

    CPC classification number: H01J23/24 H01J25/36

    Abstract: In a magnetically insulated line oscillator device having a cathode 11, a surrounding slow wave structure 15 has a tapered configuration so that the effective cavity depth in the slow wave structure 15 progressively diminishes along a part of the length of the device towards the power output end of the device.

    Abstract translation: 在具有阴极11的磁绝缘线路振荡器装置中,周围的慢波结构15具有锥形构造,使得慢波结构15中的有效腔深度沿器件长度的一部分朝向功率输出端逐渐减小 的设备。

    In situ filter cleaning
    9.
    发明授权
    In situ filter cleaning 失效
    原位过滤清洗

    公开(公告)号:US5958242A

    公开(公告)日:1999-09-28

    申请号:US763092

    申请日:1996-12-10

    CPC classification number: B01D65/08 B01D35/06 B01D61/425 B01D65/02 B01D2321/22

    Abstract: A filter which can be cleaned in situ consists of a filter membrane (33), and fluid permeable electrodes (34, 35). The membrane may be one of the electrodes, or may be electrically non-conducting but integral with or in contact with one of the electrodes (34). The electrodes (34, 35) are separated from each other only by a fluid permeable electrically insulating sheet. This sheet may be less than 1 mm thick, and may be the filter membrane (33). The filter is cleaned by periodic brief applications of electric current between the electrodes (34, 35) so that gas is generated electrolytically, and the close spacing of the electrodes (34, 35) reduces the electric power required.

    Abstract translation: 可以原位清洗的过滤器由过滤膜(33)和流体可渗透电极(34,35)组成。 膜可以是电极之一,或者可以是非导电的,但是与电极(34)中的一个电极整体地或与其接触。 电极(34,35)仅由流体可渗透的电绝缘片彼此分开。 该片材可以小于1mm厚,并且可以是过滤膜(33)。 通过电极(34,35)之间的电流的周期性短暂的应用来清洁过滤器,使得电解产生气体,并且电极(34,35)的紧密间隔减小了所需的电力。

    Liquid metal pump and apparatus for use in cleaning and recycling solder
    10.
    发明授权
    Liquid metal pump and apparatus for use in cleaning and recycling solder 失效
    液体金属泵和用于清洁和回收焊料的设备

    公开(公告)号:US5707585A

    公开(公告)日:1998-01-13

    申请号:US597025

    申请日:1996-02-05

    CPC classification number: C22B25/06 B23K3/08 C22B7/001 Y02P10/214 Y02P10/228

    Abstract: A liquid metal electromagnetic pump 17 operates by passing an electric current through the liquid metal in a direction transverse to an applied magnetic field and the longitudinal axis of the liquid metal flow pipe. The direction of the pump is reversible by reversing the electric current. It is used to transfer batches of contaminated solder from a reservoir 12 in a hot air solder leveller 11 to a treatment tank (TA or TB). Contamination of the solder is removed by a cleaning process and the liquid solder returned to the reservoir 12 after heating to the required process temperature.

    Abstract translation: 液态金属电磁泵17通过使电流通过液体金属沿与所施加的磁场横向的方向和液体金属流动管的纵向轴线而工作。 通过反转电流,泵的方向是可逆的。 用于将批次的污染焊料从热空气焊料矫直机11中的储存器12转移到处理槽(TA或TB)。 通过清洗过程去除焊料的污染,并且在加热到所需的工艺温度之后液体焊料返回到储存器12。

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