摘要:
Horizontal electrophoresis is performed in a cell that includes a tank and a pair of electrodes, each mounted on an electrode support that is easily inserted into and removed from the tank, and once inserted, is secured in position by one or more spring-loaded, manual-release locking features.
摘要:
Membrane-encased structures such as biological cells, liposomes, and vesicles, are conveyed through one or more channels in a rotating disk for individual exposure to optical elements or to electrodes, for purposes of transfection or flow cytometry. The rotation of the disk serves either to provide centrifugal force to urge the cells against one wall of the channel and in certain embodiments to move the cells through the channels, or to draw cells at preselected times or intervals into the exposure zone, or all three.
摘要:
A multi-well plate with wells having ultra-thin walls and yet with sufficient structural rigidity to allow reliable use of the plate in automated instrumentation is formed by first forming a plate blank by injection molding, the blank being of a thickness that provides the desired rigidity, and then subjecting the blank to vacuum forming to stretch designated areas in the blank to form wells or to extend wells already formed, the stretching resulting in a reduction in thickness of the molded resin at the walls of the wells only.
摘要:
A platform that supports a sample plate such as a microtiter plate, a multi-well plate of any size, or a glass slide with sample spots distributed over its surface, and presents the plate for assay detection by a movable scanning head that has a field depth on the millimeter scale is leveled or otherwise adjusted in a planar orientation by an apparatus that includes a rocker plate, position sensors, and motorized risers arranged on the apparatus to provide the rocker plate with tilting capability along either or both or two orthogonal axes.
摘要:
Erythrocytes from a vertebrate animal other than a human that have been size reduced and treated with a fixing agent by conventional methods to resemble human platelets are further treated to achieve a size distribution that is detected in a consistent manner by different methodologies of blood cell counting. The further treatment includes heating to a denaturing temperature followed by a second treatment with a fixing agent. The resulting cells are useful as controls for calibrating and checking the accuracy of automated blood cell counting equipment.
摘要:
Irregularities in the pore structures of polyacrylamide gels that are formed in cassettes against plastic walls are reduced or eliminated by the inclusion of an oxygen scavenger in the gel-forming solution. Avoidance of the irregularities results in electropherograms with fewer distortions in the solute bands.
摘要:
An electroporation cuvette is constructed with electroporation electrodes arranged in non-parallel relation to form a gap whose width varies with the location within the cuvette, plus a pair of positioning electrodes that are arranged to cause electrophoretic migration of biological cells within the cuvette according to cell size. Once the cells, suspended in a solution of the impregnant, are distributed in the cuvette by the positioning electrodes, electric field pulses are generated by the non-parallel electroporation electrodes. Because of their distribution in the cuvette, the various cells will experience voltage differentials across their widths that approach uniformity regardless of cell diameter, since the larger cells will be positioned at locations where the gap between the electrodes is greater and the smaller cells at locations where the gap is relatively small while the voltage drop across the entire gap is uniform along the length of the cell. The voltage differential across the width of the cell is thus roughly paired with the cell diameter, and this reduces the disparity in voltage differential that cells of different sizes would otherwise experience with parallel electrodes.
摘要:
A moving coil actuator that moves in a rapid back-and-forth motion is constructed with a magnet assembly that concentrates the magnetic flux in a region of limited length and with a coiled electric conductor that includes two separated regions of densely wound coil, the assembly and conductor arranged such that only one of the coil regions resides in a concentrated flux region at either end of the actuator stroke. This is achieved with either a single region of concentrated flux or two spatially separated regions of concentrated flux. In either case, the force constant, i.e., the motor force generated in each coil per unit of current through the coil, is non-linear, with a maximal force at each end of the stroke and a minimal force at the stroke mid-point. The result is an efficient use of the electric current and relatively small amounts of materials of construction, and accordingly less weight for the actuator to carry during its travel and its changes of direction.
摘要:
Biochemical assays of samples in receptacles, in gels, in blots, in arrays and the like, and that utilize excitation and light emission as labels for detection are enhanced by an illumination and detection system that supplies excitation light through an optical fiber that transmits excitation light from an excitation light source to the sample. Emission light produced by the excitation is then collected by a lens and converted to a signal that is compiled by conventional software for analysis. The optical fiber transfixes (passes through) the lens via a slot or other opening and is preferably offset from the center of the lens. The optical fiber and collecting lens can either be on the same side of the sample or on opposite sides, i.e., one above and the other below. The optical fiber and the light collecting lens are arranged such that the direction of travel of the excitation light and the direction along which the emission light is collected are not coaxial, and preferably both are at an acute angle to the axis normal to the mouth of the receptacle. Illumination systems are also disclosed in which a ultraviolet, visible, or near-infrared light source is optically coupled to an optical fiber.
摘要:
Carboxylic acid-substituted polyalkylene polyamines in which amine nitrogen atoms on the polyamine backbone structure are replaced by guanidine groups provide a pH range extending into high pH values. These substances are useful as carrier ampholytes in isoelectric focusing.