摘要:
A process for preparing cyclic dehydration products from sugar alcohols is described. The process involve using a mixed-acid catalyst reaction mixture containing a reducing acid, having a pKa of about 1.0-1.5, and at least a strong Brønsted acid or a Lewis acid, having a pKa≦0, or both acids in a solution to dehydrate and ring close said sugar alcohol. Synergistically, the mixed-acid catalysis can produce greater amounts of the desired product at similar levels of compositional accountability than either of the component acid catalysts acting alone.
摘要:
A method of isolating and purifying 1,2,5,6 hexanetetrol (HTO) from a reaction mixture containing HTO and other byproducts of a hydrogenation reaction of a sugar alcohol and/or a mono- or di-dehydrative product of a sugar alcohol is described. The method involves contacting the mixture comprising HTO and other C1-C6 alcohols and polyols with a resin material adapted for chromatography under conditions where HTO preferentially associates with the resin relative to other components in the mixture, and eluting HTO from said resin with a solvent.
摘要:
There are provided a surface modified material comprising a base material, and one or more kinds of sulfonimide compound groups bonded onto the surface of the base material via one or more linking groups -A-Y′— (A is a direct bond or an organic group. Y′ is a bonding site with the base material.); the sulfonimide compound group comprising, in its molecular structure, one or more linking groups -A-Y′— and two or more sulfonimide groups; as well as a fuel cell using the surface modified material for a catalyst layer. There is also provided a sulfonimide compound for surface modification comprising one or more reactive end groups -A-Y (A is a direct bond or an organic group. Y is a reactive functional group.) and two or more sulfonimide groups.
摘要:
One aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group, e.g., a sulfonic acid group. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group to catalyze a Bronsted-acid-catalyzed chemical reaction. A third aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant nucleophilic group, e.g., an amine. Still another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to catalyze a nucleophile-assisted chemical reaction. A fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to remove a gaseous impurity, e.g., carbon dioxide, from a gas, e.g., sour natural gas.
摘要:
A process for carrying out a chemical reaction which is catalysed by one or more metal or hydrogen fluoroalkyl-sulfonylated compound which process comprises carrying out said reaction in the presence of an ionic liquid or in solvent-free conditions.
摘要:
One aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group, e.g., a sulfonic acid group. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group to catalyze a Bronsted-acid-catalyzed chemical reaction. A third aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant nucleophilic group, e.g., an amine. Still another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to catalyze a nucleophile-assisted chemical reaction. A fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to remove a gaseous impurity, e.g., carbon dioxide, from a gas, e.g., sour natural gas.
摘要:
Disclosed is a process for production of a carboxylic acid ester from a carboxylic acid and an olefin or production of an ether compound from an alcohol and an olefin at low cost and with high yield in an industrially advantageous manner. The process comprises the step of reacting a carboxylic acid with an olefin to yield a corresponding carboxylic acid ester or reacting an alcohol with an olefin to yield a corresponding ether compound. In the process, a catalyst comprising a combination of (i) at least one metal compound selected from an iron compound, a cobalt compound and a nickel compound and (ii) an acidic compound is used.
摘要:
A process and catalyst for the production of acetic acid by the carbonylation of methanol and/or a reactive derivative thereof wherein the catalyst system comprises a rhodium carbonylation catalyst, methyl iodide, a non-hydrohalogenoic acid promoter and optionally a co-promoter capable of generating ionic iodide.
摘要:
One aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group, e.g., a sulfonic acid group. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group to catalyze a Bronsted-acid-catalyzed chemical reaction. A third aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant nucleophilic group, e.g., an amine. Still another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to catalyze a nucleophile-assisted chemical reaction. A fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to remove a gaseous impurity, e.g., carbon dioxide, from a gas, e.g., sour natural gas.
摘要:
One aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group, e.g., a sulfonic acid group. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group to catalyze a Bronsted-acid-catalyzed chemical reaction. A third aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant nucleophilic group, e.g., an amine. Still another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to catalyze a nucleophile-assisted chemical reaction. A fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to remove a gaseous impurity, e.g., carbon dioxide, from a gas, e.g., sour natural gas.