Multi-slug staged method for plugging fractured formation

    公开(公告)号:US11162323B2

    公开(公告)日:2021-11-02

    申请号:US16847683

    申请日:2020-04-14

    摘要: A multi-slug staged method for plugging a fractured formation includes: determining an average opening of fractures around a well as D, an average particle size of bridging particles for first-stage plugging as D1 that is slightly less than D, and average particle sizes of plugging particles for second to last-stage plugging as D2-Dn, where Dn is small enough to form a tight plugging layer; and sequentially injecting a plugging slurry only containing the bridging particles having the average particle size of D1, plugging slurries containing the plugging particles having the average particle sizes of D2-Dn-1, and a plugging slurry containing the plugging particles having the average particle size of Dn into the fractures to achieve the fractured formation plugging.

    FIRE RESISTANT GYPSUM BOARD AND RELATED METHODS

    公开(公告)号:US20210238096A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-08-05

    申请号:US17156258

    申请日:2021-01-22

    摘要: Disclosed are a composite gypsum board and a method of preparing composite gypsum board. The board contains a set gypsum core sandwiched between two cover sheets. The core is formed from a slurry containing stucco, water, and optional ingredients such as foaming agent, accelerator, retarder, polyphosphate, starch, and dispersant, and core intumescent material. The board also contains at least one skim coat and/or hard edges. A face skim coat layer can be included on one side of the core, facing a face cover sheet. A back skim coat layer can be included on the other side of the core, facing a back cover sheet. Hard edges are known in the art and can be formed, e.g., continuously from a stucco slurry for forming the face and/or back skim coats. Preferably, the back skim coat layer and/or the hard edges are formed from a slurry containing stucco, water, skim coat or edge intumescent material (which have the same desired characteristics), and other optional additives as desired. The skim coat or edge intumescent material can be composed of the same material as the core intumescent material, if desired, but the skim coat and/or edge intumescent material is present in a higher relative concentration in its respective slurry than the amount of core intumescent material in the core slurry. Examples of suitable intumescent materials include expandable vermiculite (e.g., No. 4 or No. 5 according to the US naming system, or combinations thereof), expandable graphite, perlite, or any combination thereof.