公开(公告)号：US11296620B2

公开(公告)日：2022-04-05

申请号：US16587209

申请日：2019-09-30

Applicant: Upendra D. Desai

Inventor： Upendra D. Desai

IPC: H02N3/00 ,  H01J17/40 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M10/30 ,  H02N11/00 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M10/44

Abstract: The invention describes a metal container that comprises a cathode containing an insulated anode with gases at pressures less than a fraction (0.1-0.9) of a mmHg. Metallic normal glow discharge diode and triode devices with large cold cathode area as efficient charge generator to function as a power cell. A metallic glow discharge device comprising a cylindrical cathode and a coaxial insulated anode containing gas at very low pressure utilizing radial electric field. A metallic normal glow discharge diode device containing a planar geometry, with an insulated metallic plate parallel to the broad side of the container forms the anode, while the container acts as the cathode.

公开(公告)号：US6104022A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-15

申请号：US890485

申请日：1997-07-09

Applicant: Christopher M. Young ,  William R. Cravey

Inventor： Christopher M. Young ,  William R. Cravey

IPC: H01J17/40 ,  H01J40/14

CPC classification number: H01J17/40

Abstract: The present invention is of a glow discharge switch operating in the low pressure regime where gas breakdown is limited by the distance between electron-gas particle collisions (pseudospark discharge). The invention utilizes linear discharge apertures (length greater than width) in the electrodes. The linear apertures provide significantly higher current conduction without discharge constriction than conventional round-hole pseudospark switches. A radial version of the linear pseudospark switch also is disclosed that provides for self-canceling of the magnetic fields induced by the discharge, and thus prevents discharge constriction and provides for very high current conduction.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种在低压状态下操作的辉光放电开关，其中气体击穿受到电子 - 气体颗粒碰撞之间的距离（假静电放电）的限制。 本发明利用电极中的线性放电孔（长度大于宽度）。 线性孔径比传统的圆孔伪脉冲开关提供明显更高的电流传导而没有放电收缩。 还公开了一种径向版本的线性伪脉冲开关，其提供了由放电感应的磁场的自消除，从而防止放电收缩并提供非常高的电流传导。

公开(公告)号：US5768082A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-16

申请号：US722545

申请日：1996-09-27

Applicant: Gerhard Lange ,  Juergen Boy

Inventor： Gerhard Lange ,  Juergen Boy

IPC: H01J17/40 ,  H01T4/06 ,  H01T4/12 ,  H02H9/06

CPC classification number: H01J17/40 ,  H01T4/06 ,  H01T4/12

Abstract: A gas-filled surge voltage protector with a high current-carrying capacity. The protector has electrode contacts implemented as strip clamps which in the areas of the end electrodes also surround contact rings that are placed on the base part of the end electrodes. The strip clamps are made of tin-plated sheet metal. One end of the metal strip is designed as a contact element.

Abstract translation: 一个充气浪涌电压保护器，具有很高的载流能力。 保护器具有实现为带状夹的电极接触，其在端电极的区域中还包围放置在端电极的基部上的接触环。 带状夹具由镀锡金属板制成。 金属条的一端设计为接触元件。

公开(公告)号：US5633777A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-27

申请号：US542850

申请日：1995-10-13

Applicant: Jurgen Boy ,  Gerhard Lange

Inventor： Jurgen Boy ,  Gerhard Lange

IPC: H01J17/04 ,  H01J17/40 ,  H01T1/14 ,  H01T4/12 ,  H02H1/00

CPC classification number: H01J17/40 ,  H01J17/04 ,  H01T1/14 ,  H01T4/12

Abstract: To adapt a three-electrode arrester having copper electrodes to high switching capacities (200 Amp a.c. current per discharge gap simultaneously for 11 cycles at 60 Hz), the following measures are provided: The cylindrical end electrodes have a volume of at least 60 mm.sup.3, given a ratio of length (L.sub.2) to diameter (D.sub.2) of less than 2.5; the middle electrode has the shape of a hollow cylinder with end regions of a reduced wall thickness; the middle electrode and the hollow cylindrical insulators are soldered to one another at the front ends.

Abstract translation: 为了使具有铜电极的三电极避雷器适应于高开关容量（每放电间隙200安培交流电，同时以60Hz进行11个周期），提供以下措施：圆柱形端电极具有至少60mm 3的体积， 给定长度（L2）与直径（D2）的比小于2.5; 中间电极具有中空圆柱体的形状，端部区域具有减小的壁厚; 中间电极和中空圆柱形绝缘子在前端相互焊接。

公开(公告)号：US5517081A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-14

申请号：US305986

申请日：1994-09-19

Applicant: Tetsuya Mitani ,  Hiromitsu Tsuchiya

Inventor： Tetsuya Mitani ,  Hiromitsu Tsuchiya

IPC: H01J61/24 ,  H01J17/40 ,  H01J61/36 ,  H01T1/00 ,  H01J17/04 ,  H01T14/00

CPC classification number: H01T1/00 ,  H01J17/40

Abstract: A gas-filled discharge tube includes a cylindrical casing (11, 31), a terminal member (12, 13; 32, 33) for closing an open end of the casing, an inert gas sealed within the casing, a gas sealing tube (16, 38) connected to an outside of the terminal member, and gas introduction paths (17, 40) formed in the terminal member so as to communicate between an inner space of the gas sealing tube and an inner space of the casing.

Abstract translation: 气体充放电管包括圆筒形壳体（11,31），用于封闭壳体的开口端的端子构件（12,13; 32,33），密封在壳体内的惰性气体，气体密封管 16,38）和形成在所述端子构件中的气体导入路径（17,40），以在所述气体密封管的内部空间与所述壳体的内部空间之间连通。

公开(公告)号：US5126638A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-30

申请号：US699476

申请日：1991-05-13

Applicant: Rolf Dethlefsen

Inventor： Rolf Dethlefsen

IPC: H01J17/04 ,  H01J17/40 ,  H01T2/02

CPC classification number: H01J17/40 ,  H01J17/04 ,  H01T2/02

Abstract: A high power pseudospark switch (40) utilizes a coaxial cylindrical electrode geometry to provide a large number of pseudospark discharge channels (60) in a compact space. The coaxial cylindrical electrode geometry includes a hollow cylindrical anode (52) inside of a larger hollow cylindrical cathode (54). A plurality of radially aligned holes (57, 59) are equally spaced around the perimeter of both the hollow anode and cathode, thereby forming an annular pseudospark discharge (PSD) channel about the coaxial center axis. A plurality of such PSD channels (56, 58) are then stacked along the length of the coaxial cylindrical electrode geometry. A single trigger pulser (48) aligned with the center axis of the cylindrical electrodes provides a way for simultaneously triggering a discharge in each PSD channel. An outer switch housing, divided into two electrically-insulated portions (47, 49) surrounds the coaxial cylindrical electrodes and provides a structural support for the electrodes as well as an electrical contact with the electrodes. A non-conductive seal (43) positioned between the respective housing portions maintains electrical isolation between the respective electrodes, and further allows a specified gas to be maintained within the switch housing at a prescribed pressure, thereby promoting operation of the device on the left side of the Paschen curve.

Abstract translation: 高功率伪脉冲开关（40）利用同轴圆柱形电极几何形状在紧凑的空间中提供大量的伪脉冲放电通道（60）。 同轴圆柱形电极几何形状包括在较大的中空圆柱形阴极（54）内部的中空圆柱形阳极（52）。 多个径向排列的孔（57,59）围绕中空阳极和阴极的周边等间隔开，从而围绕同轴中心轴线形成环形假游离放电（PSD）通道。 然后沿着同轴圆柱形电极几何形状的长度堆叠多个这样的PSD通道（56,58）。 与圆柱形电极的中心轴对准的单个触发脉冲发生器（48）提供了一种同时触发每个PSD通道中的放电的方式。 外部开关壳体被分成两个电绝缘部分（47,49）围绕同轴圆柱形电极，并为电极提供结构支撑以及与电极的电接触。 位于相应的壳体部分之间的非导电密封件（43）保持各个电极之间的电绝缘，并且还允许在规定压力下将特定气体保持在开关壳体内，从而促进装置在左侧的操作 的Paschen曲线。

公开(公告)号：US4963799A

公开(公告)日：1990-10-16

申请号：US311688

申请日：1989-02-16

Applicant: James P. O'Loughlin

Inventor： James P. O'Loughlin

IPC: H01J17/30 ,  H01J17/40 ,  H01T2/02

CPC classification number: H01J17/40 ,  H01J17/30 ,  H01T2/02

Abstract: A spark gap system is disclosed that includes an enclosure which contains a gas medium; two rail electrodes which extend into the enclosure and which are separated from each other by the gas medium, a trigger blade which ionizes the gas medium to cause it to be a conductor between the two electrodes through a series of electrical arc channels in the gas medium, and an acoustic driver which generates a standing acoustic wave in the gas medium. The standing acoustic wave generates a pressure density profile that distributes the electrical arc channels along the wave nodes of the standing acoustic wave. This has the result of evenly distributing the electrical arc channels along the first and second rail electrodes when the gas medium is ionized, and improving the spark gap system performance.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种火花隙系统，其包括包含气体介质的外壳; 两个轨道电极，其延伸到外壳中并且由气体介质彼此分离;触发器叶片，其通过气体介质中的一系列电弧通道离子化气体介质以使其成为两个电极之间的导体 以及在气体介质中产生驻声波的声学驱动器。 驻波产生压力密度分布，沿着声波的波节分布电弧通道。 这导致了气体介质离子化时沿着第一和第二轨道电极均匀分布电弧通道，并且提高了火花隙系统性能。

公开(公告)号：US4955045A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-04

申请号：US335700

申请日：1989-04-10

Applicant: Dirk Friede ,  Hans-Juergen Cirkel ,  Rudolf Baumgartl ,  Matthias Schmutzler

Inventor： Dirk Friede ,  Hans-Juergen Cirkel ,  Rudolf Baumgartl ,  Matthias Schmutzler

IPC: H01J35/22 ,  H01J3/02 ,  H01J17/40 ,  H01J33/00 ,  H01J37/075 ,  H01J37/077 ,  H01S3/09 ,  H01S3/0971 ,  H05G2/00

CPC classification number: H01S3/09716 ,  H01J17/40 ,  H01J3/025 ,  H01J33/00 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/186

Abstract: A plasma X-ray tube with high electron current densities includes a plasma chamber formed of a metal hollow cathode having an outer limiting wall with an X-ray target and a mutually spaced apart and opposed inner limiting wall with at least one metal acceleration grid being highly transparent to electron and ion radiation and being in alignment with the X-ray target defining a path. At least one ignition electrode in the form of a thin wire protrudes into the plasma chamber at positive potential relative to the hollow cathode. At least one anode retained in an insulated and gas-tight manner in one of the side walls of the hollow cathode is disposed laterally of the alignment of the target and grid and at positive potential relative to the hollow cathode. An acceleration chamber adjoins and communicates with the plasma chamber through the acceleration grid. The acceleration chamber is surrounded by metal walls in electrical and gas-tight connection with the limiting walls of the hollow cathode. An acceleration cathode is at high negative potential relative to the acceleration grid. The acceleration cathode has a shaft and a head in alignment with the path and spaced apart from the acceleration grid. The shaft of the acceleration cathode is retained in an insulating gas-tight duct in a wall facing the acceleration grid.

Abstract translation: 具有高电子密度的等离子体X射线管包括由金属空心阴极形成的等离子体室，该等离子体室具有带有X射线靶的外部限制壁和相互间隔开的相对的内部限制壁，至少一个金属加速栅是 对电子和离子辐射具有高度透明度并且与限定路径的X射线靶对准。 至少一个呈细线形式的点火电极相对于中空阴极以正电位突出到等离子体室中。 在中空阴极的一个侧壁中以绝缘和气密方式保持的至少一个阳极设置在靶和栅格的对准侧面并且相对于空心阴极处于正电位。 加速室通过加速栅格与等离子体室相连接。 加速室由与空心阴极的限制壁电气和气密连接的金属壁包围。 加速阴极相对于加速栅格处于高负电位。 加速阴极具有与路径对准并且与加速栅格间隔开的轴和头部。 加速阴极的轴保持在面向加速度格栅的壁中的绝缘气密管道中。

公开(公告)号：US4387320A

公开(公告)日：1983-06-07

申请号：US250923

申请日：1981-04-06

Applicant: Roger Hoet

Inventor： Roger Hoet

IPC: H01J19/38 ,  H01J19/48 ,  H01J1/46 ,  H01J17/04 ,  H01J17/40 ,  H01J21/10

CPC classification number: H01J19/48 ,  H01J19/38

Abstract: In an electron tube having coaxial cylindrical electrodes and at least one cylindrical grid of pyrolytic graphite, the grid is joined to the upper portion of a central conducting mast by means of a bell which is also of pyrolytic graphite and fixed on the mast. Slits are cut at uniform intervals around the periphery of the bell in order to form resilient strips which serve to establish an electrical contact between the grid and the conducting mast.

Abstract translation: 在具有同轴圆柱形电极和至少一个热解石墨圆柱形栅格的电子管中，栅格通过也是热解石墨并固定在桅杆上的钟形结合到中心导电桅杆的上部。 在围绕圆周周围的均匀间隔切割狭缝，以便形成用于在栅格和导电桅杆之间建立电接触的弹性带。

公开(公告)号：US4360757A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-23

申请号：US129244

申请日：1980-03-11

Applicant: Axel Hahndorff

Inventor： Axel Hahndorff

IPC: H01J17/40 ,  H01J9/04 ,  H01J17/06 ,  H01T1/20 ,  H01T1/22 ,  H01J61/06 ,  H01J17/04

CPC classification number: H01J17/066 ,  H01T1/22

Abstract: An electrode activating compound for a gas discharge tube such as a surge voltage arrester, triggerable gas discharge tubes and flash tubes in which a titanium oxide is used in place of the radioactive thorium oxide. Preferably, the titanium oxide is provided by a reduction of a titanium dioxide with a reducing agent such as BaAl.sub.4 or metallic titanium or by oxidation of a titanium hydride in either an oxidizing atmosphere or with an oxidizing compound.

Abstract translation: 用于气体放电管的电极活化化合物，例如浪涌电压避雷器，可触发气体放电管和其中使用氧化钛代替放射性氧化钍的闪光管。 优选地，氧化钛通过还原剂如BaAl 4或金属钛还原二氧化钛或通过在氧化气氛或氧化性化合物中的氢化钛的氧化来提供。