Abstract:
An active system for isolating vibrations includes: at least one first vibratio-isolating device, arranged between a load and a sstanding surface, for at least partially decoupling the static and dynamic forces acting between the load and the standing surface, the first vibration-isolating device includes a passively isolating coupling element for mechanically decoupling the static and dynamic forces including a natural frequency; at least one second vibration-isolating device, assigned to the load, for imparting control forces to the load for actively damping the substantially decoupled dynamic forces, the second fibratio-isolating device including a coupling element for dynamically coupling said second vibration-isolating device to the load and the first isolating device
Abstract:
In a method of examining the surface structures of a sample or of modifying the surface structures of a sample by means of a beam impinging on the surface structure of the sample, gas is supplied discontinuously, preferably in a pulsed mode, at least in the area of impingement of the beam on the surface structure of the sample.
Abstract:
A particle beam apparatus for tilted observation of a specimen is capable of producing magnification images of the specimen under tilted observation with high accuracy. The particle beam apparatus includes a source for generating a particle beam, deflection means for tilting the particle beam and a lens for focussing the tilted particle beam onto the specimen. Furthermore, multipole correction means are provided for correcting the lens aberrations occurring due to off-axial intersection of the lens by the tilted particle beam. The lens is an electrostatic, magnetic or combined electrostatic-magnetic objective lens.
Abstract:
A correction electron optical system (3) has substrates in which apertures for constituting electron lenses are formed. Valves (14) whose opening degrees can be adjusted are used to relax the pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of each substrate caused when supply/exhaust pumps (51-56) adjust the internal pressure of a main body cover (80). The opening degrees are controlled based on outputs from differential pressure sensors (13). The pressure sensors (13) can be replaced with photosensors.
Abstract:
A holography electron microscope permitting electron holography without limitations on the magnification. An electron biprism is mounted between a system of intermediate lenses and a system of projector lenses. The objective lens and the system of intermediate lenses form a crossover at a given position between intermediate lenses and the electron biprism and, at the same time, focus a magnified image at a certain position between the electron biprism and projector lenses. Since the system of intermediate lenses is made up of three or more stages of lenses, it forms a crossover at a given position and focuses a magnified image at a certain position.
Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for pyroelectric lithography using a patterned emitter is provided. In the apparatus for pyroelectric lithography, a pyroelectric emitter or a ferroelectric emitter is patterned using a mask and it is then heated. Upon heating, electrons are not emitted from that part of the emitter covered by the mask, but are emitted from the exposed part of the emitter not covered by the mask so that the shape of the emitter pattern is projected onto the substrate. To prevent dispersion of emitted electron beams, which are desired to be parallel, the electron beams are controlled using a magnet or a projection system, thereby achieving exact a one-to-one projection or a x-to-one projection of the desired pattern etched on the substrate.
Abstract:
An ion implanter having a scanning arm which can pass vertically through ion beam, having a wafer loading/unloading position above the beam. The scanning arm also has capability for movement of wafer in its own plane when tilted relative to the beam, and there is also disclosure of a double scanning arm arrangement generating to/from a single wafer loader/unloader.
Abstract:
A charged particle beam apparatus has a plurality of charged particle beam generating systems disposed in a chamber and a neutralizing coil for neutralizing a first charged particle beam generating system to control the magnetic field in the path of a charged particle beam generated by a second charged particle beam system. The first charged particle beam generating system comprises one or more electron beam lens barrels, and the second charged particle beam generating system comprises one or more focused ion beam lens barrels. The neutralizing coil controls an excitation current of the objective lens of a first electron beam lens barrel.
Abstract:
A scanning probe having a piezo resistance cantilever section is used with a signal detector comprising a signal detection circuit for detecting a change in the piezo resistance and a circuit for removing an offset component from the signal. Such a scanning probe is used for a scanning probe microscope, in particular an atomic force microscope to obtain a high resolution surface image.
Abstract:
A scanning probe microscope assembly and corresponding method for making confocal, spectrophotometric, near-field, and scanning probe measurements and forming associated images from the measurements.