摘要:
This invention relates generally to olefin metathesis, and more particularly relates to the synthesis of terminal alkenes from internal alkenes using a cross-metathesis reaction catalyzed by a selected olefin metathesis catalyst. In one embodiment of the invention, for example, a method is provided for synthesizing a terminal olefin, the method comprising contacting an olefinic substrate comprised of at least one internal olefin with ethylene, in the presence of a metathesis catalyst, wherein the catalyst is present in an amount that is less than about 1000 ppm relative to the olefinic substrate, and wherein the metathesis catalyst has the structure of formula (II), wherein the various substituents are as defined herein. The invention has utility, for example, in the fields of catalysis, organic synthesis, and industrial chemistry.
摘要:
A process to manufacture conjugated fatty acids or their derivatives, in particular long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g., CLAs) or their derivatives, using an improved catalyst system that isomerizes the fatty acids and their derivatives in an efficient, cost-effective manner. The improved catalyst system includes a metal alkoxide or amide catalyst chelated with an appropriate chelating agent or a metal alkoxide formed from another metal alkoxide in the described process.
摘要:
A process which comprises reacting a 1,2,3,4-cyclobutane- tetracarboxylic-1,2:3,4-dianhydride [1] with an alcohol [2] in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain a compound [3], isomerizing the compound [3] with a base catalyst into a compound [4], reacting the compound [4] with an organic acid to obtain a compound [5], and reacting the compound [5] with a dehydrating agent to obtain a 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic-1,3:2,4 -dianhydride: wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen, halogeno, alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, halogenated alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3 to 8 carbon atoms, phenyl, or cyano; and R 3 is alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
摘要翻译:一种方法包括在酸催化剂存在下使1,2,3,4-环丁烷 - 四羧酸-1,2:3,4-二酐[1]与醇[2]反应,得到化合物[3] 将化合物[3]用碱催化剂异构化成化合物[4],使化合物[4]与有机酸反应,得到化合物[5],并使化合物[5]与脱水剂反应,得到 1,2,3,4-环丁烷四羧酸-1,3:2,4-二氢化物:其中R 1和R 2各自独立地为氢,卤代,烷基1 至10个碳原子,1至10个碳原子的卤代烷基,3至8个碳原子的环烷基,苯基或氰基; R 3是1至10个碳原子的烷基。
摘要:
Vorgeschlagen wird ein verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung von konjugierten Linolsäureglyceriden mit vermindertem Anteil an trans/trans-Isomeren, welches sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass man (a) Fettsäureniedrigalkylester der Formel (i), R 1 CO-OR 2 in der R 1 CO für einen überwiegend mehrfach ungesättigten Acylrest mit 16 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen und R 2 für einen Alkylrest mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, bei Temperaturen im Bereich von 100 bis 160 °C mit basischen Katalysatoren einer Doppelbindungsisomerisierung unterwirft, und (b) die so erhaltenen Konjuenfettsäureniedrigalkylester mit Glycerin zu den entsprechenden Glyceriden umestert und dabei den freigesetzten niederen Alkohol kontinuierlich abdestilliert.
摘要:
A process for the production of an aldehyde of formula (2): wherein R is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, which process includes reacting a diol compound of formula (1): wherein R is as defined above, with an oxidizing agent selected from a periodic acid compound, a hypohalogenous acid compound, a bismuth compound, or an activated manganese dioxide.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the skeletal isomerization of unsaturated linear fatty acids to branched fatty acids which comprises contacting said unsaturated linear fatty acids with at least one large pore zeolite catalyst wherein said at least one zeolite catalyst comprises a material having a three dime nsional channel structure having a pore diameter of at least 6.0 ANGSTROM . In another embodiment, the invention relates to a process for the skeletal isomerization and hydrogenation of unsaturated linear fatty acids to saturated branched fatty acids which comprises contacting said unsaturated linear fatty acids with at least one metal-zeolite catalyst.
摘要:
Phosphine oxide and sulfoxide compounds were used with transition metals, preferably palladium and nickel, to produce biaryls, arylthiols, arylphosphine oxides and arylamines via cross-coupling reactions with aryl halides and arylboronic acids, aryl Grignard reagents, thiols, phosphine oxides or amines.
摘要:
A novel method for synthesizing absolute asymmetry through the irradiation with circular polarization light which comprises providing a photochemically reversible reaction system wherein the starting material is a mixture of enantiomers or diastereomers not photochemically or thermally converted into each other; irradiating the reaction system with r- or l-circular polarization light to thereby excite the starting material alone or both of the starting material and the product; thus concentrating one of the enantiomers or one of the diastereomers in the starting material; and, in the product, concentrating the other enantiomer or the other diastereomer, thereby enabling the concentration of enantiomers, etc. both in the starting material and in the product.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of producing alkoxycinnamic acid ester (alkoxy cinnamate) by condensing C5-C8 acetic acid esters with C1-C4 alkoxybenzaldehyde in the presence of an alkaline and/or alkaline earth C1-C4 alcoholate and removing the C1-C4 alcohol that is produced by this reaction from the reaction mixture.