摘要:
Methods and systems are disclosed for the hydrolysis of mixed biomass. The methods include forming a mixture of at least two modified biomass feedstocks to achieve various benefits, such as maximizing sugar yields and minimizing the formation of degradation products.
摘要:
A process is provided for producing a lignin-coated cellulose material, comprising: pre-extracting a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock in the presence of steam or hot water, depositing lignin from the liquid onto a surface of solids to generate a lignin-coated intermediate material; optionally drying the intermediate material; digesting the lignin-coated intermediate material in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, wherein the rate of delignification of surface lignin is lower than the rate of delignification of bulk lignin; and recovering a hydrophobic lignin-coated cellulose material. In some variations, part of the overall process is a combination of Green Power+® and AVAP® technologies. A cellulose-rich composition is provided, containing about 5 wt% to about 15 wt% total lignin, with particles having a higher average surface concentration of lignin compared to an average bulk (internal) concentration of lignin.
摘要翻译:提供了一种用于生产木质素涂覆的纤维素材料的方法,包括:在蒸汽或热水存在下预提取木质纤维素生物质原料,将木质素从液体沉积到固体表面上以产生木质素涂覆的中间体材料; 任选地干燥中间材料; 在酸,木质素和水的溶剂存在下消化木质素包被的中间体材料,其中表面木质素脱木质素的速率低于大块木质素的脱木质素的速率; 并回收疏水性木质素涂覆的纤维素材料。 在一些变化中,整个过程的一部分是Green Power +®和AVAP®技术的组合。 提供富含纤维素的组合物,其含有约5重量%至约15重量%的总木质素,与木质素的平均体积(内部)浓度相比,具有较高木质素平均表面浓度的颗粒。
摘要:
Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with sulfur dioxide or a sulfite compound and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of some lignin onto the cellulose surface. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the nanocellulose to form completely renewable composites.
摘要:
Methods for isolating cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from the plant Miscanthus Giganteus (MxG). Impressive yields are obtained through a combination of processing steps including base hydrolysis, bleaching and acid hydrolysis. MxG-CNCs are produced having high aspect ratios, are biorenewable and can be used for a wide range of applications such as nanofillers in composites. MxG-CNC-containing composites are also disclosed.
摘要:
A complex comprising a non-absorbable portion attached to an iron chelator moiety, a composition comprising the complex and the use of the complex in the treatment of colorectal cancer. In one embodiment the non-absorbable portion is a polymer such as a polysaccharide, including chitosan, chitin, cellulose or pectin. In one embodiment the iron chelator moiety comprises at least one functional group selected from catechol, hydroxamate or carboxylate, or any combination thereof.
摘要:
This invention relates to compositions that have utility, amongst others, in the stabilization of suspension particles or gas bubbles in fluid water-based compositions and/or in conferring shear thinning behavior to such fluid water-based compositions. The inventors have developed parenchymal cellulose based materials, which comprise cell wall derived networks of cellulose based fibers and nanofibrils, can advantageously be used for stabilization of suspended solid particles in fluid water-based compositions. Specific aspects of the invention concern the parenchymal cellulose based materials, their production and their use in fluid water-based compositions, as well as the resulting fluid water-based compositions per se.
摘要:
Lignocellulosic biomass can be fractionated for the purpose of increasing cellulose purity in the pulp, increasing native lignin content of the isolated lignin, and improving cellulose hydrolysis, by performing the steps of: (a) extracting the biomass with an extracting liquid comprising at least 20 wt% of a first organic solvent at a temperature below 100 °C; (b) treating the extracted biomass with a treatment liquid comprising a second organic solvent selected from lower alcohols, ethers and ketones, optionally water and optionally an acid, at a temperature between 120 °C and 280 °C, and, optionally: (c) subjecting a cellulose-enriched product stream resulting from step (b) to enzymatic hydrolysis. The first and second organic solvent may be different or the same; in particular they comprise ethanol or acetone.
摘要:
The subject of the present invention is a process for preparing a crosslinked gel of at least one polysaccharide or a salt thereof, comprising at least the steps consisting in: a)providing an aqueous gel comprising at least said polysaccharide(s) in a noncrosslinked form, combined with at least one crosslinking agent; b) crosslinking the mixture obtained at the end of step a) and, where appropriate; c)recovering said crosslinked gel formed, wherein the crosslinking step b) is carried out in a medium supplemented with at least one alkali halide salt present in a content of between 0.5%and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the aqueous gel of step a).