公开(公告)号：WO2008106440A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-04

申请号：PCT/US2008/055000

申请日：2008-02-26

Applicant: DEKA PRODUCTS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP ,  DEMERS, Jason, A. ,  WILT, Michael, J. ,  GRANT, Kevin, L. ,  DALE, James, D. ,  TRACY, Brian

Inventor： DEMERS, Jason, A. ,  WILT, Michael, J. ,  GRANT, Kevin, L. ,  DALE, James, D. ,  TRACY, Brian

IPC: A61M1/10

CPC classification number: F04B53/10 ,  A61M1/1006 ,  A61M1/1037 ,  A61M1/106 ,  A61M1/1062 ,  A61M1/1087 ,  A61M1/1096 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1605 ,  A61M1/1639 ,  A61M1/1656 ,  A61M1/1664 ,  A61M1/1666 ,  A61M1/287 ,  A61M2205/12 ,  A61M2205/128 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  A61M2205/3324 ,  A61M2205/3368 ,  F04B7/02 ,  F04B9/109 ,  F04B13/02 ,  F04B23/06 ,  F04B41/06 ,  F04B43/00 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F04B43/06 ,  F04B43/073 ,  F04B43/0733 ,  F04B43/0736 ,  F04B45/02 ,  F04B45/0536 ,  F04B49/22 ,  F04B53/06 ,  F04B53/16 ,  F17D3/00 ,  Y10T137/0324 ,  Y10T137/0379 ,  Y10T137/2521 ,  Y10T137/85978 ,  Y10T137/86139

Abstract: A pump cassette is disclosed. The pump cassette includes a housing having at least one fluid inlet line and at least one fluid outlet line. The cassette also includes at least one reciprocating pressure displacement membrane pump (820) within the housing. The pressure pump pumps a fluid from the fluid inlet line to the fluid outlet line. A hollow spike (902) is also included on the housing as well as at least one metering pump (830). The metering pump (830) is fluidly connected to the hollow spike (902) on the housing and to a metering pump fluid line. The metering pump fluid line is fluidly connected to the fluid outlet line.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种泵盒。 泵盒包括具有至少一个流体入口管线和至少一个流体出口管线的壳体。 该盒还包括壳体内的至少一个往复式压力位移膜泵（820）。 压力泵将流体从流体入口管泵送到流体出口管线。 壳体上还包括空心尖钉（902）以及至少一个计量泵（830）。 计量泵（830）流体地连接到壳体上的中空尖头（902）和计量泵流体管线。 计量泵流体管线流体地连接到流体出口管线。

公开(公告)号：WO2008106191A2

公开(公告)日：2008-09-04

申请号：PCT/US2008/002636

申请日：2008-02-27

Applicant: DEKA PRODUCTS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP ,  WILT, Michael, J. ,  DEMERS, Jason, A. ,  GRANT, Kevin, L. ,  TRACEY, Brian ,  DALE, James, D.

Inventor： WILT, Michael, J. ,  DEMERS, Jason, A. ,  GRANT, Kevin, L. ,  TRACEY, Brian ,  DALE, James, D.

CPC classification number: A61M1/3672 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1601 ,  A61M1/1621 ,  A61M1/1654 ,  A61M1/1694 ,  A61M1/267 ,  A61M1/3413 ,  A61M1/3424 ,  A61M1/3609 ,  A61M1/3621 ,  A61M1/3638 ,  A61M1/3643 ,  A61M1/3644 ,  A61M1/3646 ,  A61M1/3649 ,  A61M1/365 ,  A61M1/3652 ,  A61M2205/12 ,  A61M2205/123 ,  A61M2205/128 ,  A61M2205/15 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  A61M2205/3324 ,  A61M2205/3331 ,  A61M2205/3334 ,  A61M2205/3368 ,  A61M2205/36 ,  A61M2205/505 ,  Y10T137/87893

公开(公告)号：WO2011053810A3

公开(公告)日：2011-06-30

申请号：PCT/US2010054772

申请日：2010-10-29

Applicant: DEKA PRODUCTS LP ,  WILT MICHAEL J ,  SACHS JASON M ,  GRANT KEVIN L

Inventor： WILT MICHAEL J ,  SACHS JASON M ,  GRANT KEVIN L

IPC: A61M1/36 ,  G01N27/07

CPC classification number: A61M1/3656 ,  A61M1/3653 ,  A61M1/3655 ,  A61M1/3659 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  G01N27/07 ,  G01R27/14

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for detecting the disconnection of a vascular access device such as a needle, cannula or catheter from a blood vessel or vascular graft segment. A pair of electrodes is placed in direct contact with fluid or blood in fluid communication with the vascular segment. In one embodiment, the electrodes are incorporated into a pair of connectors connecting arterial and venous catheters to arterial and venous tubes leading to and from an extracorporeal blood flow apparatus. Wires leading from the electrodes to a detecting circuit can be incorporated into a pair of double lumen arterial and venous tubes connecting the blood flow apparatus to the blood vessel or vascular graft. The detecting circuit is configured to provide a low-voltage alternating current signal to the electrodes to measure the electrical resistance between the electrodes, minimizing both the duration and amount of current being delivered. Detection of an increase in electrical resistance between the electrodes exceeding a pre-detepnined threshold value may be used to indicate a possible disconnection of the vascular access device.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于检测诸如针，插管或导管之类的血管进入装置与血管或血管移植物段断开的装置和方法。 一对电极被放置成与血管段流体连通的流体或血液直接接触。 在一个实施例中，电极被并入连接动脉和静脉导管到通向体外血液流动装置的动脉和静脉管的一对连接器。 从电极引导到检测电路的电线可以并入到将血流装置连接到血管或血管移植物的一对双腔动脉和静脉管中。 检测电路被配置为向电极提供低电压交流信号以测量电极之间的电阻，从而最小化传递的电流的持续时间和量。 检测超过预先设定的阈值的电极之间的电阻增加可以用于指示血管通路装置可能的断开。

公开(公告)号：WO2008106538A3

公开(公告)日：2009-02-12

申请号：PCT/US2008055168

申请日：2008-02-27

Applicant: DEKA PRODUCTS LP ,  DEMERS JASON A ,  WILT MICHAEL J ,  GRANT KEVIN L ,  DALE JAMES D ,  TRACEY BRIAN

Inventor： DEMERS JASON A ,  WILT MICHAEL J ,  GRANT KEVIN L ,  DALE JAMES D ,  TRACEY BRIAN

IPC: A61M1/10 ,  A61M1/16

CPC classification number: F04B53/10 ,  A61M1/1006 ,  A61M1/1037 ,  A61M1/106 ,  A61M1/1062 ,  A61M1/1087 ,  A61M1/1096 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1605 ,  A61M1/1639 ,  A61M1/1656 ,  A61M1/1664 ,  A61M1/1666 ,  A61M1/287 ,  A61M2205/12 ,  A61M2205/128 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  A61M2205/3324 ,  A61M2205/3368 ,  F04B7/02 ,  F04B9/109 ,  F04B13/02 ,  F04B43/00 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F04B43/06 ,  F04B43/073 ,  F04B43/0733 ,  F04B45/02 ,  F04B49/22 ,  F04B53/06 ,  F04B53/16 ,  F17D3/00 ,  Y10T137/0324 ,  Y10T137/0379 ,  Y10T137/2521 ,  Y10T137/85978 ,  Y10T137/86139

Abstract: Pumping cassettes (500, 600, 700) are disclosed. Each cassette includes a housing, at least one fluid inlet and at least one fluid outlet as well as at least one reciprocating pressure displacement membrane pump (602, 604) in fluid relation to the cassette. The balancing cassette includes at least one balancing pod (706, 708) in fluid connection. The mixing cassette includes at least one mixing chamber in fluid connection. The system includes a mixing cassette (500), a balancing cassette (700), and an outer or middle cassette (600) fluidly connected to the mixing cassette and the balancing cassette and at least one pod. The mixing cassette is fluidly connected to the middle cassette by at least one fluid line and the middle cassette is fluidly connected to the balancing cassette by at least one fluid line. The at least one pod is connected to at least two of the cassettes wherein the pod is located in an area between the cassettes.

Abstract translation: 公开了抽吸盒（500,600,700）。 每个盒包括壳体，至少一个流体入口和至少一个流体出口，以及至少一个与盒子流体关系的往复式压力位移膜泵（602,604）。 平衡盒包括流体连接的至少一个平衡盒（706,708）。 混合盒包括至少一个流体连接的混合室。 该系统包括混合盒（500），平衡盒（700）以及流体连接到混合盒和平衡盒以及至少一个盒的外部或中间盒（600）。 混合盒通过至少一个流体管线流体地连接到中间盒，并且中间盒通过至少一个流体管线流体地连接到平衡盒。 至少一个容器连接到盒中的至少两个盒，其中盒位于盒之间的区域中。

公开(公告)号：WO2012161744A2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-29

申请号：PCT/US2012000257

申请日：2012-05-24

Applicant: DEKA PRODUCTS LP ,  WILT MICHAEL J ,  VAN DER MERWE DIRK A ,  BALLANTYNE TODD A ,  GRANT KEVIN L ,  ROSSE JONATHAN P ,  FLYNN CATHARINE N ,  YEE BRIAN K

Inventor： WILT MICHAEL J ,  VAN DER MERWE DIRK A ,  BALLANTYNE TODD A ,  GRANT KEVIN L ,  ROSSE JONATHAN P ,  FLYNN CATHARINE N ,  YEE BRIAN K

IPC: A61M1/10 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/34 ,  A61M1/36 ,  G06F1/16

CPC classification number: A61M1/1601 ,  A61K33/00 ,  A61M1/1006 ,  A61M1/1037 ,  A61M1/1062 ,  A61M1/1087 ,  A61M1/1096 ,  A61M1/14 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1605 ,  A61M1/1613 ,  A61M1/1619 ,  A61M1/1654 ,  A61M1/1656 ,  A61M1/1658 ,  A61M1/166 ,  A61M1/1664 ,  A61M1/1666 ,  A61M1/1668 ,  A61M1/1692 ,  A61M1/267 ,  A61M1/301 ,  A61M1/34 ,  A61M1/341 ,  A61M1/3413 ,  A61M1/3609 ,  A61M1/3621 ,  A61M1/3627 ,  A61M1/3638 ,  A61M1/3672 ,  A61M5/172 ,  A61M2205/12 ,  A61M2205/15 ,  A61M2205/18 ,  A61M2205/3306 ,  A61M2205/3313 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  A61M2205/3324 ,  A61M2205/3331 ,  A61M2205/3334 ,  A61M2205/3368 ,  A61M2205/3379 ,  A61M2205/3569 ,  A61M2205/3584 ,  A61M2205/50 ,  A61M2205/502 ,  A61M2205/52 ,  A61M2230/65 ,  G06F19/3481

Abstract: There is disclosed herein dialysis systems, including a variety of systems and methods that would make hemodialysis more efficient, easier, and/or more affordable. One aspect of the invention is generally directed to new fluid circuits for fluid flow. In one set of embodiments, a hemodialysis system may include a blood flow path and a dialysate flow path, where the dialysate flow path includes one or more of a balancing circuit, a mixing circuit, and/or a directing circuit. Preparation of dialysate by the preparation circuit, in some instances, may be decoupled from patient dialysis. In some cases, the circuits are defined, at least partially, within one or more cassettes, optionally interconnected with conduits, pumps, or the like. In one embodiment, the fluid circuit and/or the various fluid flow paths may be at least partially isolated, spatially and/or thermally, from electrical components of the hemodialysis system. In some cases, a gas supply may be provided in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer that, when activated, is able to urge dialysate to pass through the dialyzer and urge blood in the blood flow path back to the patient. Such a system may be useful, for example, in certain emergency situations (e.g., a power failure) where it is desirable to return as much blood to the patient as possible. The hemodialysis system may also include, in another aspect of the invention, one or more fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, mixers, or the like, which can be actuated using a control fluid, such as air. In some cases, the control fluid may be delivered to the fluid handling devices using an external pump or other device, which may be detachable in certain instances. In one embodiment, one or more of the fluid handling devices may be generally rigid (e.g., having a spheroid shape), optionally with a diaphragm contained within the device, dividing it into first and second compartments.

公开(公告)号：WO2010027437A2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-11

申请号：PCT/US2009/004877

申请日：2009-08-27

Applicant: DEKA PRODUCTS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP ,  KAMEN, Dean ,  WILT, Michael, J. ,  DEMERS, Jason, A. ,  BALLANTYNE, Todd, A. ,  KENLEY, Rodney, S. ,  GRAY, Larry, B. ,  LEONARD, Scott, A.

Inventor： KAMEN, Dean ,  WILT, Michael, J. ,  DEMERS, Jason, A. ,  BALLANTYNE, Todd, A. ,  KENLEY, Rodney, S. ,  GRAY, Larry, B. ,  LEONARD, Scott, A.

IPC: G06F19/00 ,  A61M1/14

CPC classification number: A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1601 ,  A61M1/1613 ,  A61M1/1619 ,  A61M1/1635 ,  A61M1/1696 ,  A61M1/3441 ,  A61M1/3462 ,  A61M1/3465 ,  A61M1/3635 ,  A61M1/3646 ,  A61M1/365 ,  A61M1/3652 ,  A61M2205/12 ,  A61M2205/18 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  A61M2205/3324 ,  A61M2205/3331 ,  A61M2205/3334 ,  A61M2205/3368 ,  A61M2205/3379 ,  A61M2205/502 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G06F19/3481 ,  G16H40/63

Abstract: Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

Abstract translation: 公开了包括协作以执行透析功能的致动器和协作以监测透析功能的传感器的透析系统。 根据一个方面，这样的血液透析系统包括用户界面模型层，治疗层，在用户界面模型层下面，以及治疗层下方的机器层。 用户界面模型层被配置为管理图形用户界面的状态并从图形用户界面接收输入。 治疗层被配置为运行状态机，其至少部分地基于来自图形用户界面的输入来产生治疗命令。 机器层被配置为基于治疗命令为致动器提供命令。

公开(公告)号：WO2008106191A8

公开(公告)日：2008-12-04

申请号：PCT/US2008002636

申请日：2008-02-27

Applicant: DEKA PRODUCTS LP ,  WILT MICHAEL J ,  DEMERS JASON A ,  GRANT KEVIN L ,  TRACEY BRIAN ,  DALE JAMES D

Inventor： WILT MICHAEL J ,  DEMERS JASON A ,  GRANT KEVIN L ,  TRACEY BRIAN ,  DALE JAMES D

CPC classification number: A61M1/3672 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1601 ,  A61M1/1621 ,  A61M1/1654 ,  A61M1/1694 ,  A61M1/267 ,  A61M1/3413 ,  A61M1/3424 ,  A61M1/3609 ,  A61M1/3621 ,  A61M1/3638 ,  A61M1/3643 ,  A61M1/3644 ,  A61M1/3646 ,  A61M1/3649 ,  A61M1/365 ,  A61M1/3652 ,  A61M2205/12 ,  A61M2205/123 ,  A61M2205/128 ,  A61M2205/15 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  A61M2205/3324 ,  A61M2205/3331 ,  A61M2205/3334 ,  A61M2205/3368 ,  A61M2205/36 ,  A61M2205/505 ,  Y10T137/87893

公开(公告)号：WO2008106538A2

公开(公告)日：2008-09-04

申请号：PCT/US2008/055168

申请日：2008-02-27

Applicant: DEKE PRODUCTS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP ,  DEMERS, Jason, A. ,  WILT, Michael, J. ,  GRANT, Kevin, L. ,  DALE, James, D. ,  TRACEY, Brian

Inventor： DEMERS, Jason, A. ,  WILT, Michael, J. ,  GRANT, Kevin, L. ,  DALE, James, D. ,  TRACEY, Brian

IPC: A61M1/10 ,  A61M1/16

CPC classification number: F04B53/10 ,  A61M1/1006 ,  A61M1/1037 ,  A61M1/106 ,  A61M1/1062 ,  A61M1/1087 ,  A61M1/1096 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1605 ,  A61M1/1639 ,  A61M1/1656 ,  A61M1/1664 ,  A61M1/1666 ,  A61M1/287 ,  A61M2205/12 ,  A61M2205/128 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  A61M2205/3324 ,  A61M2205/3368 ,  F04B7/02 ,  F04B9/109 ,  F04B13/02 ,  F04B23/06 ,  F04B41/06 ,  F04B43/00 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F04B43/06 ,  F04B43/073 ,  F04B43/0733 ,  F04B43/0736 ,  F04B45/02 ,  F04B45/0536 ,  F04B49/22 ,  F04B53/06 ,  F04B53/16 ,  F17D3/00 ,  Y10T137/0324 ,  Y10T137/0379 ,  Y10T137/2521 ,  Y10T137/85978 ,  Y10T137/86139

Abstract: Pumping cassettes are disclosed. Each cassette includes a housing, at least one fluid inlet and at least one fluid outlet as well as at least one reciprocating pressure displacement membrane pomp in fluid relation to the cassette. The balancing cassette includes at least one balancing pod in fluid connection. The mixing cassette includes at least one mixing chamber in fluid connection. The system includes a mixing cassette, a balancing cassette, and an outer or middle cassette fluid! y connected to the mixing cassette and the balancing cassette and at least one pod. The mixing cassette is flαidly connected to the middle cassette by at least one fluid line and the middle cassette is fluidiy connected to the balancing cassette by at least one fluid line. The at least one pod is connected to at least two of the cassettes wherein the pod is located in an area between the cassettes.

Abstract translation: 公开了抽吸盒。 每个盒包括壳体，至少一个流体入口和至少一个流体出口以及至少一个与盒相关的流体相互作用的往复压力移动膜。 平衡盒包括至少一个流体连接的平衡盒。 混合盒包括至少一个流体连接的混合室。 该系统包括混合盒，平衡盒和外部或中间盒式流体！ y连接到混合盒和平衡盒和至少一个盒。 混合盒通过至少一个流体管线与中间盒子有弹性地连接，并且中间盒通过至少一个流体管线流体连接到平衡盒。 至少一个容器连接到盒中的至少两个盒，其中盒位于盒之间的区域中。

公开(公告)号：WO2010027435A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-11

申请号：PCT/US2009/004866

申请日：2009-08-27

Applicant: DEKA PRODUCTS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP ,  DEMERS, Jason, A. ,  WILT, Michael, J. ,  BALLANTYNE, Todd, A. ,  GRANT, Kevin, L. ,  DALE, James, D.

Inventor： DEMERS, Jason, A. ,  WILT, Michael, J. ,  BALLANTYNE, Todd, A. ,  GRANT, Kevin, L. ,  DALE, James, D.

IPC: G06F19/00 ,  A61M1/14 ,  A61M1/36

CPC classification number: A61M1/1601 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1613 ,  A61M1/1635 ,  A61M1/341 ,  A61M1/3434 ,  A61M1/3437 ,  A61M1/3441 ,  A61M1/3465 ,  A61M1/3609 ,  A61M1/3646 ,  A61M1/365 ,  A61M1/3652 ,  A61M2202/0413 ,  A61M2205/12 ,  A61M2205/18 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  A61M2205/3324 ,  A61M2205/3331 ,  A61M2205/3334 ,  A61M2205/3368 ,  A61M2205/502 ,  F04B45/0536 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G06F19/3481 ,  G16H40/63

Abstract: Hemodialysis dialysis systems comprising a dialysis unit and user interface unit adapted to display safety critical information related to a dialysis process are disclosed. Hemodialysis systems of the invention may include a dialysate flow path including a balancing circuit, a mixing circuit, and/or a directing circuit. The circuits may be defined within one or more cassettes. The fluid circuits may be at least partially isolated, spatially and/or thermally, from electrical components of the system. A gas supply may be provided in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer to urge dialysate through the dialyzer and blood back to the patient. The hemodialysis systems may include fluid handling device (s), actuated using a control fluid, optionally delivered using a detachable pump. Fluid handling devices may be generally rigid and of a spheroid shape, optionally with a diaphragm dividing the device into compartments.

Abstract translation: 公开了包括透析单元和适于显示与透析过程相关的安全关键信息的用户界面单元的血液透析透析系统。 本发明的血液透析系统可以包括透析液流路，其包括平衡电路，混合电路和/或定向电路。 电路可以被定义在一个或多个盒中。 流体回路可以与系统的电气部件至少部分隔离，空间和/或热。 可以提供气体供应，其与透析液流动路径和/或透析器流体连通，以促使透析液通过透析器和血液返回给患者。 血液透析系统可以包括使用控制流体致动的流体处理装置，其可选地使用可拆卸的泵输送。 流体处理装置通常可以是刚性的并且具有球形形状，任选地具有将装置分隔成隔室的隔膜。

公开(公告)号：WO2012162515A8

公开(公告)日：2013-12-27

申请号：PCT/US2012039369

申请日：2012-05-24

Applicant: DEKA PRODUCTS LP ,  GRANT KEVIN L ,  WILT MICHAEL J ,  TRACEY BRIAN D ,  RUDOLF BRETT A ,  COLLINS DAVID E ,  PANNETON LISA A ,  DALE JAMES D ,  BODWELL JESSE T

Inventor： GRANT KEVIN L ,  WILT MICHAEL J ,  TRACEY BRIAN D ,  RUDOLF BRETT A ,  COLLINS DAVID E ,  PANNETON LISA A ,  DALE JAMES D ,  BODWELL JESSE T

IPC: A61M1/36

CPC classification number: A61M1/3653 ,  A61M1/14 ,  A61M1/1658 ,  A61M1/168 ,  A61M1/1682 ,  A61M1/1686 ,  A61M1/3643 ,  A61M1/3644 ,  A61M1/3647 ,  A61M1/3649 ,  A61M1/365 ,  A61M1/3652 ,  A61M1/3656 ,  A61M1/367 ,  A61M1/3672 ,  A61M2205/12 ,  A61M2205/121 ,  A61M2205/128 ,  Y10T137/87169

Abstract: A drain cassette for a dialysis unit has a fluid channel between venous and arterial connection ports, and a valve may controllably open and close fluid communication between a drain outlet port and the venous connection port or the arterial connection port. A blood circuit assembly and drain cassette may be removable from the dialysis unit, e.g., by hand and without the use of tools. A blood circuit assembly may include a single, unitary member that defines portions of a pair of blood pumps, control valves, channels to accurately position flexible tubing for an occluder, an air trap support, and/or other portions of the assembly. A blood circuit assembly engagement device may assist with retaining a blood circuit assembly on the dialysis unit, and/or with removal of the assembly. An actuator may operate a retainer element and an ejector element that interact with the assembly.

Abstract translation: 用于透析单元的排出盒具有在静脉和动脉连接口之间的流体通道，并且阀可以可控地打开和关闭排出口与静脉连接口或动脉连接口之间的流体连通。 血液回路组件和排出盒可以从透析单元移除，例如用手而不使用工具。 血液回路组件可以包括单个整体构件，其限定一对血液泵，控制阀，准确地定位用于封堵器的柔性管道，空气阱支撑件和/或组件的其它部分的通道的部分。 血液回路组件接合装置可以帮助将血液回路组件保持在透析单元上和/或移除组件。 致动器可以操作与组件相互作用的保持器元件和顶出器元件。