摘要:
An apparatus is described for extracorporeal blood treatment (1), comprising a treatment unit (2), an extracorporeal blood circuit (8) and a fluid evacuation line (10). The apparatus comprises a control unit (21) connected with a pressure sensor (13, 14) and with a blood pump (9) and configured to move the blood pump (9), generating a variable flow (Q(t)) with a constant component (Q b ) and a variable component (Qvar(t)) having a nil average value; the variable flow generates, in the expansion chamber (11, 12), a progression of the pressure that is variable over time (P(t)) with a pressure component (Pvar(t)) oscillating about an average value (P av g). The control unit receives, from the sensor, a plurality of values (P j ) and calculates the average value of the pressure (P av g), acquires an estimated value of volume variation (AP) in the expansion chamber (11, 12) connected to the variable flow component (Qvar(t)), calculates, as a function of the pressure values (P j ), an estimated value of pressure variation (AP) in the expansion chamber (11; 12) that is representative of the oscillating pressure component (Pvar(t)) and determines a representative magnitude of a blood level (L) in the expansion chamber (11, 12) as a function of the average value (P av g) of the pressure (P(t)), of the estimated value of volume variation (AV) and of the estimated pressure variation (AP) in the expansion chamber.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for venting a gas from a liquid, which are applicable to a wide variety of medical liquid delivery systems. The apparatus includes level detectors, a clamp, and a control apparatus operably connected to the level detectors and the clamp. The method includes detecting whether liquid or gas is present at the level detectors, and opening and closing a clamp to vent gas.
摘要:
This invention relates to dialysis systems and methods. In some implementations, a method includes applying vacuum pressure to a device of a dialysis system, and then determining, based on a detected fluid level or measured pressure, whether the device is functioning properly.
摘要:
A system, method and apparatus for performing a renal replacement therapy is provided. In one embodiment, two small high flux dialyzers (20, 30) are connected in series. A restriction (40) is placed between the two dialyzers in the dialysate flow path (962). The restriction is variable and adjustable in one preferred embodiment. The restriction builds a positive pressure in the venous dialyzer, causing a high degree of intentional backfiltration. That backfiltration causes a significant flow of dialysate through the high flux venous membrane directly into the patient's blood. That backfiltered solution is subsequently ultrafiltered from the patient from the arterial dialyzer. The diffusion of dialysate into the venous filter and removal of dialysate from the arterial dialyzer causes a convective transport of toxins from the patient. Additionally, the dialysate that does not diffuse directly into the patient but instead flows across the membranes of both dialyzers provides a diffusive clearance of waste products.
摘要:
A device for the sterile monitoring of the flow rate of a bodily fluid emerging from a catheter on the dynamic pressure principle with a measuring cell accepting the bodily fluid from above via an inlet chamber (25), with a measuring chamber (31) separated from the inlet chamber (25) by an intermediate wall (26). Two ventilation apertures (28, 28a) sealed by a bacteria-proof filter (110) are ventilated via the measuring chamber (4) and the inlet chamber (15) and are arranged in the cover section (10) of the measuring cell (3). The measuring cell (3) also contains a pressure tube (43) which can be connected to a pressure measuring box (2) via a connecting line (39). Here, the pressure tube (43) is also sealed off from the connecting line (39) by a bacteria-proof filter (60). The wetting of the bacteria-proof filter by measuring fluid is prevented by the fluid barriers (101 and 105), which are arranged inside the central section (9) of the measuring chamber (4) or at the bottom end of the pressure tube (43).
摘要:
An ultrasonic detector (10), particularly useful in the level detection of blood within an arterial reservoir. The detector (10) includes a pair of opposed arms (16, 18) for connection to the arterial reservoir. One of the arms (16) carries a transmitting transducer (34, 36) while the other arm (18) carries a receiving transducer (38, 40) facing the transmitting transducer (34, 36). A clamping ring (32) is slidable on both arms (16, 18) for forcing the arms toward each other when the ring (32) is moved in one direction and for enabling the arms (16, 18) to move apart from each other when the ring (32) is moved in the opposite direction.
摘要:
A method for filling and venting a device for extracorporeal blood treatment is disclosed, such as a patient module in a heart-lung machine, without attached patient. A filling liquid from a filling liquid container located higher than the device flows by gravity via a venous side of the system into a reservoir and flows onwards into a blood pump located at the lower end of the reservoir, wherein a first controllable valve (HC1) for a venting line of a filter is opened and, after the response of an upper filling level sensor in the reservoir, is closed. An upper level of the filter is positioned higher than the upper filling level sensor, and a start-stop motion of the blood pump is performed, as a result of which a stepped flooding of the filter is made providing for an advantageous de-airing of the device.
摘要:
The present invention relates to methods of prognosing the survival of a diseased subject, particularly a subject with chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as selecting an end-stage renal disease subject for a kidney transplant. The methods involve detecting an elevated amount of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) in a test body sample from the diseased subject. A method of preventing or reducing the risk of death in a CKD subject which involves removing or inactivating MIC-1 present in the blood, plasma or serum of the subject, is also disclosed.