摘要:
An apparatus for making a composite article includes a monofilament feed track adapted to carry a spaced array of ceramic monofilament strands, a fiber yarn feed track adapted to carry a spaced array of fiber yarn tows impregnated with a plurality of glass particulates, a mandrel, and a heater assembly. The mandrel is adapted to wind together individual glass-impregnated fiber yarn strands and individual ceramic monofilament strands to form a dual-fiber weave. The heater assembly is adapted to heat at least the glass particulates such that pressure from the wound array of ceramic monofilaments is sufficient to consolidate the glass particulates and the dual-fiber weave into a dual-fiber ceramic matrix composite (CMC).
摘要:
The present invention provides a method and apparatus (100) for laser (101) ablative modification of surfaces (120). The apparatus (100) includes a controller adapted to determine the wavelength corresponding to a characteristic wavelength of the absorption band, as well as an intensity and a duration such that a light pulse with the determined wavelength, intensity, and duration is capable of heating the portion of the dielectric material (120) to approximately the critical temperature of the dielectric material on a time scale less than about the characteristic time scale for thermal diffusion in the dielectric material and thereby inducing a phase explosion in the dielectric material. The apparatus further includes a laser (101) capable of providing at least one light pulse with the determined wavelength, intensity and duration in response to a signal from the controller.
摘要:
Two gripping devices (10, 33) that are vertically movable under control of respective actuators are adapted to retain the foot and the lip of a vertically hanging, upside-down cup and to move away from each other to stretch the neck of the cup, which is made plastic by a nozzle heater (54), to form a thin stem. An annular heater (30) then melts a thin annular area of the cup to detach its moil, which drops by gravity and is unloaded.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a mirror blank comprises: providing a primary piece of glass comprising a primary planar surface and a backing piece of glass comprising a backing planar surface; assembling a mirror blank assembly, wherein assembling the mirror blank assembly comprises interposing a plurality of glass splines between the primary glass and the backing glass. Interposing the plurality of glass splines comprises: for each glass spline, respectively abutting first and second opposed surfaces of the glass spline against the primary planar surface of the primary glass and against the backing planar surface of the backing glass. The mirror blank assembly is then heated to fuse the interposed glass splines to the primary glass and the backing glass while the primary glass and the secondary glass remain spaced apart from one another by the interposed glass splines to thereby provide the mirror blank.
摘要:
To machine a translucent material (1) with a laser beam (LB), a light-absorbing layer (2) is brought into a contact with the surface to be machined of the translucent material (1), and a laser beam (LB) is applied to the surface through the light-absorbing layer (2) in this contact state. If a plurality of laser beam (LB) pulses of predetermined energy are applied intermittently, the depth of the hole of the light-absorbing layer (2) is gradually increased because of the repetition of the laser beam application, a through hole (2a) is formed, and the diameter of the lower end of the through hole (2a) is gradually increased. In the process of the gradual increase of the depth of the hole and in the process of the gradual increase of the diameter of the lower end of the through hole (2a), the energy absorbed by the light-absorbing layer (2) is converted into heat. The heat generated at the interface (BF) between the translucent material (1) and the light-absorbing layer (2) causes start of the machining of a hole in the surface of the translucent material (1) and the size and depth of the hole (1a) are gradually increased.
摘要:
A laser processing method for removing glass by melting, evaporation or ablation from sheet-like glass substrate for forming microscopic concavities and convexities. Diffraction grating and planar microlens array obtained thereby.
摘要:
Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to apparatuses for sealing the tips of pump-out tubes of vacuum insulating glass (VIG) units, and/or associated methods. In certain example embodiments, a laser source used in sealing the pump-out tube is thermally insulated from the VIG unit and emits a laser beam through one or more windows in an oven towards a mirror located therein. The mirror is located so as to redirect the laser beam onto the pump-out tube to thereby seal it. For instance, a substantially horizontal laser beam emitted from a laser source located outside the oven enters into the oven through one or more windows and is reflected by a mirror towards the pump-out tube to be sealed. The repositioning of the laser source advantageously can change its effective focal length and/or the location of the laser beam, e.g., because of the fixed location of the mirror.
摘要:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum formgebenden Umschmelzen eines Werkstücks, insbesondere eines Werkstücks aus Glas oder thermoplastischem Kunststoff, bei dem ein energetischer Strahl auf die Oberfläche des Werkstücks gerichtet und dadurch das Werkstück innerhalb eines Bearbeitungbereichs umgeschmolzen wird, wobei durch Vergleich der vorliegenden IST-Form des Werkstücks mit einer zu erreichenden SOLL-Form ein Materialfluss ermittelt wird, durch den das Werkstück innerhalb des Bearbeitungbereichs von der IST-Form zumindest näherungsweise in die SOLL-Form überführbar ist, und wobei zum mindestens näherungsweisen Erwirken des ermittelten Materialflusses eine auf der Oberfläche des Werkstücks innerhalb des Bearbeitungbereichs einzustellende örtliche Temperaturverteilung berechnet wird, welche innerhalb des Bearbeitungbereichs mehrere Extremwerte aufweist, und wobei die Beaufschlagung des Werkstücks innerhalb des Bearbeitungbereichs mit der energetischen Strahlung so gewählt wird, dass sich die berechnete Temperaturverteilung zumindest näherungsweise einstellt.
摘要:
Methods, devices, and systems for ultrashort pulse laser processing of optically transparent materials are disclosed, with example applications in scribing, marking, welding, and joining. For example, ultrashort laser pulses create scribe features with one pass of the laser beam across the material, with at least one of the scribe features being formed below the surface of the material. Slightly modifying the ultrashort pulse laser processing conditions produces sub-surface marks. When properly arranged, these marks are clearly visible with correctly aligned illumination. Reflective marks may also be formed with control of laser parameters. A transparent material other than glass may be utilized. A method for welding transparent materials uses ultrashort laser pulses to create a bond through localized heating. In some embodiments of transparent material processing, a multifocus beam generator simultaneously forms multiple beam waists spaced depthwise relative to the transparent material, thereby increasing processing speed.