Abstract:
Fuels, especially hydrocarbon fuels, and lubricants, especially lubricating oils, contain a class of anti-corrosion, anti-wear, anti-fatigue, and extreme pressure additives that are derived from 1,3-dithiolane-2-thiones.
Abstract:
Additives which improve the low-temperature properties of distillate fuels are the ether-type reaction products of (1) reactive hydrocarbyl halides and (2) an aminoalcohol or mixtures of aminoalcohols, or aminoalcohols/amines.
Abstract:
The low temperature properties of a blend of biofuel and petroleum-based fuel oil are improved by the addition of an ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer, or a comb polymer, or a polar N compound, or a compound having at least one linear alkyl group connected to a non-polymeric organic residue.
Abstract:
An additive for improving the cold flow properties of crude oil, lubricating oil or fuel oil comprises one or more oil-soluble copolymers of ethylene and an unsaturated monomer of general formula (I), wherein R6 is hydrogen or methyl, R5 is a -OOCR8 group wherein R8 is a hydrogen formate or a C1 to C28, more usually C1 to C17, and preferably a C1 to C8, straight or branched chain alkyl group, or R5 is a -COOR8 group wherein R8 is as defined above but is not hydrogen, and R7 is hydrogen or -COOR8 as defined above, and wherein (i) where there is more than one copolymer, the arithmetic mean of the content of said unsaturated monomer in the copolymers is below 11 mole %, or (ii) where there is one copolymer, the content of said unsaturated monomer in the copolymer is in the range of 6.5 to 10 mole %.
Abstract:
Various heterocyclic compounds have been discovered that impart improved fuel economy and friction modification to lubricant and fuel compositions. These heterocyclic compounds of the invention preferably contain nitrogen and may be further reacted with hydrocarbyl carboxylic acid acylating reactants or hydrocarbyl phenolic reactants to give higher molecular materials. These higher molecular weight materials have higher oil-solubility and impart dispersancy properties to lubricant and fuel compositions.
Abstract:
Composition utilisable notamment comme agent odorisant d'un combustible gazeux, plus particulièrement du gaz naturel, comprenant : de 0,1 à 49,9 parties en poids d'au moins un sulfure d'alkyle (I) de formule : R 1 -S-R 2 dans laquelle R 1 et R 2 , identiques ou différents, représentent : un radical alkyle comprenant de 1 à 4 atomes de carbone ; ou R 1 et R 2 pris avec l'atome de soufre auquel ils sont attachés représentent un cycle saturé ou insaturé comprenant de 3 à 5 atomes de carbone, éventuellement substitué par un radical C 1 -C 4 alkyle ou C 1 -C 4 alcényle ; de 50 à 99,8 parties en poids d'au moins deux acrylates d'alkyle (II) dont les radicaux alkyle comprennent de 1 à 12 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 1 à 8 ; de 0,001 à 0,1 parties en poids d'au moins un composé (III) inhibiteur de polymérisation des acrylates d'alkyle (II).
Abstract:
A method and composition for identifying chemically tagged petroleum products can be achieved by adding one or more chemicals to a selected petroleum product wherein the chemical is immune to extraction from the petroleum product by conventional inexpensive absorbents, cannot be removed by extraction with acids, bases, or immiscible solvents, cannot be easily oxidized, reduced or reacted with common agents, is difficult to disguise by masking with other agents, has a low polarity, and has a boiling point in the range of the petroleum product the chemical is being added to. The presence of the chemical is determined by using ion mobility spectroscopy.
Abstract:
Fuel compositions comprising a major amount of a normally liquid fuel and a minor amount of a hydroxylamine or a salt thereof, more often wherein each hydroxylamino group of the hydroxylamine or salt thereof contains no more than one tertiary alkyl substituent. The hydroxylamine or salt thereof provide improved combustion properties to a wide variety of normally liquid fuels, including hydrocarbon based fuels, oxygenates and synthetic fuels.
Abstract:
Fuel compositions comprising a major amount of a normally liquid fuel and a minor amount of a hydroxylamine or a salt thereof, more often wherein each hydroxylamino group of the hydroxylamine or salt thereof contains no more than one tertiary alkyl substituent. The hydroxylamine or salt thereof provide improved combustion properties to a wide variety of normally liquid fuels, including hydrocarbon based fuels, oxygenates and synthetic fuels.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to processes and additive compositions capable of performing at least one of the following: a) stabilizing asphaltenes flocculated and/or precipitated in a petroleum product (as a crude oil, a residue or a fuel oil), rendering thus possible its blending with other petroleum products or its processing or its combustion; b) reducing fouling in petroleum apparatuses; c) achieving yield increase in petroleum refining and/or petrochemical operations; d) reducing particulate and/or SOx and/or NOx emissions during combustion of fuels; e) reducing fouling and/or coke formation in catalysts; f) favouring cleaning and/or decoking of petroleum apparatuses; g) reducing fouling arising from diesel and biodiesel fuels.