Abstract:
Method of combining industrial processes having inherent carbon capture and conversion capabilities offering maximum flexibility, efficiency, and economics while enabling environmentally and sustainably sound practices. Maximum chemical energy is retained throughout feedstock processing. A hybrid thermochemical cycle couples staged reforming with hydrogen production and chlorination. Hydrogen generated is used to upgrade feedstocks including bitumen, shale, coal, and biomass. Residues of upgrading are chlorinated, metals of interest are removed, and the remainder is reacted with ammonia solution and carbon dioxide to form carbonate minerals. The combination provides emissions free production of synthetic crude oil and derivatives, as well as various metals and fertilizers. Sand and carbonate minerals are potentially the only waste streams. Through this novel processing, major carbon dioxide reduction is afforded byminimizing direct oxidation. Supplemental heat to run the reactions is obtained through external means such as concentrated solar, geothermal, or nuclear.
Abstract:
There are provided processes for treating fly ash. For example, the processes can comprise leaching fly ash with HCI so as to obtain a Ieachate comprising aluminum ions and a solid, and separating the solid from the Ieachate; reacting the Ieachate with HCI so as to obtain a liquid and a precipitate comprising the aluminum ions in the form of AICI 3 , and separating the precipitate from the liquid; and heating the precipitate under conditions effective for converting AICI 3 into AI 2 O 3 and optionally recovering gaseous HCI so-produced.
Abstract translation:提供了处理飞灰的方法。 例如,这些方法可以包括用HCl浸出飞灰,以获得包含铝离子和固体的流体,并将固体与流动相分离; 使Ieachate与HCl反应,以获得液体和包含AICI3形式的铝离子的沉淀物,并将沉淀物与液体分离; 并在有效将AICI3转化为Al 2 O 3的条件下加热沉淀物,并任选地回收如此生产的气态HCl。
Abstract:
The invention relates to the provision of noble metal- containing mixtures for a process for processing them by heating the mixture, preferably for processing them by means of an ashing process. This provision is characterized by the following measures: (a) moistening of the noble metal-containing mixture to be processed, (b) introduction of the moistened noble metal-containing mixture into at least one container which serves as diffusion barrier for water, and (c) introduction of the loaded container into a heat-resistant chamber together with at least one upper refractory mat. The noble metal-containing mixture is preferably moistened in the presence of a porous material and the chamber is closed by means of a heat-resistant covering. The invention further provides a processing process comprising the provision of noble metal-containing mixtures and also the heat-resistant chamber loaded with noble metal-containing mixtures itself. The process of the invention enables simple, clean recovery of noble metals in high yield from noble metal-containing mixtures.
Abstract:
The present invention describes a process for dry granulation of hot liquid slag wherein the hot liquid slag is mixed with solid metallic particles so as to form a solidified, vitrified slag cake mixed with said metallic particles, said slag cake is crushed so as to form hot slag particles and heated solid particles, said particles are cooled and said solid metallic particles are recycled.
Abstract:
A method of recovering vanadium, nickel and molybdenum from heavy crude oil refinery residues comprises pyrolysis and combustion of the residues at temperatures up to 900°C to produce an ash, converting the ash to an aqueous slurry, and extracting vanadium, nickel and molybdenum salts and oxides from the slurry. Extraction processes for the metals are disclosed.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Aufbereitungsverfahren für Edelstahlschlacken und modifizierten Stahlwerksschlacken zur Metallrückgewinnung. Um ein trocken arbeitendes Aufbereitungsverfahren zu schaffen, welches eine verschleißarme und energieeffiziente Zerkleinerung und Desagglomeration von Edelstahlschlacken und modifizierten Stahlwerksschlacken sowie eine trennscharfe Separierung einer Metallfraktion und einer silikatischen Fraktion gewährleistet und bezüglich der unterschiedlichen Schlackenzusammensetzungen und unterschiedlichen Anforderungen an die Qualität der Metallfraktion und der wenigstens einen Silikatfraktion variabel gestaltet werden kann, wird wenigstens für die Zerkleinerung eine Wälzmühle verwendet. Die Schlacken werden mit einer Aufgabekörnung bis etwa 150 mm aufgegeben. Vorteilhaft ist die Verwendung einer Luftstrom-Wälzmühle, in welcher die Zerkleinerung und Desagglomeration, erforderlichenfalls eine Trocknung, und gleichzeitig eine Separierung in eine weitgehend mineralfreie Metallfraktion und eine nahezu metallfreie Silikatfraktion vereinigt sind. Bei Verwendung einer Überlauf-Wälzmühle erfolgt die Separierung der Metallfraktion und der Silikatfraktion in einer externen Sichtereinrichtung.
Abstract:
There is provided a process for removing metal from solution wherein a solution comprising a metal is contacted with a scavenger support, whereby the scavenger support binds to at least some of the metal in solution thereby decreasing the amount of metal in solution, characterised in that the scavenger support comprises a functionalised support comprising pendant groups selected from 1,3-ketoesters or 1,3-ketoamides or mixtures thereof attached to a support wherein a number of the pendant groups are reacted with an amine. Scavenger supports comprising a functionalised support comprising pendant 1,3ketoester or 1,3-ketoamide groups of formula 1: wherein R 1 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, perhalogenated hydrocarbyl or heterocyclyl group; X is O or NR 2 , wherein the free valence of O or NR 2 is bonded to a support optionallly via a linker; and R 2 is hydrogen, an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, or heterocyclyl group, wherein a number of the pendant groups are reacted with an amine are also provided. Preferred scavenger supports include scavenger supports comprising pendant 3-iminoesters, 3-iminoamides, 2,3-enaminoesters or 2,3-enaminoamides pendant groups of Formula (3) or (4): wherein R 1 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, perhalogenated hydrocarbyl or heterocyclyl group; X is O or NR 2 , wherein the free valence of O or NR 2 is bonded to a support optionally via a linker; R 2 is hydrogen, an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, or heterocyclyl group; R 4 is a substituent group; and R 5 is hydrogen or a substituent group, or R 4 and R 5 may optionally be linked in such a way so as to form an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring, or tautomers or salts thereof.
Abstract:
The invention relates to material utilization with an electropositive metal. This can advantageously be used as post-oxyfuel process for oxyfuel power stations. Here, an energy circuit is realized by the material utilization according to the invention. An electropositive metal, in particular lithium, serves as energy store and as central reaction product for the conversion of nitrogen and carbon dioxide into ammonia and methanol. The power station according to the invention thus operates without CO2 emissions.