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公开(公告)号：EP0946330A1
公开(公告)日：1999-10-06
申请号：EP97918275.0
申请日：1997-05-01
CPC分类号： H01L24/32 , B23K35/025 , B23K35/26 , B23K35/262 , B23K2201/36 , H01L24/29 , H01L2224/29 , H01L2224/29101 , H01L2224/29109 , H01L2224/29111 , H01L2224/29298 , H01L2224/325 , H01L2924/00013 , H01L2924/01005 , H01L2924/01006 , H01L2924/0102 , H01L2924/01029 , H01L2924/01033 , H01L2924/01039 , H01L2924/01047 , H01L2924/01049 , H01L2924/0105 , H01L2924/01058 , H01L2924/01079 , H01L2924/01082 , H01L2924/0132 , H01L2924/01322 , H01L2924/01327 , H01L2924/0133 , H01L2924/014 , H01L2924/15787 , H01L2924/1579 , H01L2924/181 , H05K3/3463 , H05K3/3484 , H05K2201/0272 , H01L2924/00 , H01L2924/01083 , H01L2924/00014 , H01L2924/00012 , H01L2224/29099 , H01L2224/29199 , H01L2224/29299 , H01L2224/2929
摘要： A soldered composition formed as a paste by use of a fugitive carrier medium including up to 5-15 % (by weight) flux, the solder composition being useful for soldering electronic components and packages to a circuit on a substrate consisting of a low cost thermoplastic or polymer having a heat deflection temperature. The composition comprises: (a) a ternary or binary eutectic powder of the alloy system Sn-Bi-In that melts below the heat deflection temperature, (b) a second powder admixed with the first, the second powder consisting of a tin-based powder that reacts with the first powder at 150 °C or less in 15 minutes or less and has a melting temperature above the heat deflection temperature, said powders containing less than .1 % Pb as an impurity and being proportioned in a weight ratio of 3:1 to 1:3, and (c) other alloying additives selected from the group of Cu, Ni, Ag, Ce, In, Bi, and Au which enhance the mechanical properties of the soldered joints at elevated temperatures and which do not inhibit metallurgical interactions of the first and second powders during soldering. A method of soldering electronic components to a substrate is also disclosed.
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公开(公告)号：EP0897653A1
公开(公告)日：1999-02-24
申请号：EP97918276.0
申请日：1997-05-01
CPC分类号： H05K1/0207 , H05K1/0206 , H05K1/0224 , H05K1/0253 , H05K3/4092 , H05K3/429 , H05K3/4641 , H05K2201/0323 , H05K2201/0397 , H05K2201/09118 , H05K2201/09163 , H05K2201/0919 , H05K2201/09309 , H05K2201/09681 , H05K2201/10689
摘要： A circuit board is disclosed comprising a substantially non-conductive substrate (12) and first and second rigid sheets (14, 16). The first sheet (14) forms a grid pattern substantially encapsulated by the substrate (12), and a portion (20) of the first sheet extends beyond a boundary of the substrate to form a first interconnection terminal. The second sheet (16) is also substantially encapsulated by the substrate (12) and has a portion which extends beyond the boundary of the substrate (12) to form a second interconnection terminal. The second sheet (16) acts as an electromagnetic interference shield, and also has a coefficient of thermal expansion less than a coefficient of thermal expansion of the substrate (12).
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公开(公告)号：EP0893019A1
公开(公告)日：1999-01-27
申请号：EP97915577.0
申请日：1997-04-02
摘要： A method and circuit for receiving frame messages connected to one or more nodes, each controlled by a microcontroller, along a common transmission line of a multiplex communication system. The method includes the steps of: (a) receiving the type and target bytes, and responsive thereto generating a first interrupt signal to the microcontroller at the node; (b) commanding the microcontroller, responsive to receiving the first interrupt signal, for qualifying the frame message by retrieving and matching one or more of the type and target bytes with corresponding bytes stored in programmable memory within the microcontroller, and responsive thereto generating a qualified signal; and (c) receiving data bytes from the frame message only responsive to receiving the qualified signal from the microcontroller.
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公开(公告)号：EP0864034A1
公开(公告)日：1998-09-16
申请号：EP96938392.0
申请日：1996-11-19
发明人： MA, Thomas Tsoi-Hei
CPC分类号： F02M35/10222 , F02B17/00 , F02B31/085 , F02B2075/1816 , F02B2275/48 , F02D41/3023 , F02M26/17 , F02M26/39 , F02M26/44 , F02M26/63 , F02M35/1085 , Y02T10/125 , Y02T10/146
摘要： A stratified charge internal combustion engine comprises at least one cylinder having at least one intake valve (14) per cylinder, and two manifolds (24, 34) having branches (22, 32) supplying first and second gas streams to at least one intake valve of each cylinder. The two streams enter the cylinder separately through different regions of the valve (14) so as to produce a stratified charge within the engine cylinder. The first manifold (24) supplies a stream comprising air within which fuel to be burnt is dispersed and the second manifold (34) supplies a stream comprising dilution gases. Each of the two manifolds (24, 34) has a plenum chamber and the plenum chambers of the two manifolds are connected to a common air supply throttle (50). The plenum chamber (34) of the second manifold is additionally connected to an exhaust gases recirculation (EGR) pipe (84) from the exhaust system of the engine through an EGR throttle (54) of similar design to and mechanically ganged with the air supply throttle (50). The EGR pipe (84) supplies exhaust gases directly into the second stream to form part of the gases in the second stream. The relative quantity of air in the first stream supplied by the first manifold (24) as a fraction of the total quantity of air supplied to the two manifolds (24, 34) is variable and determined by the setting of the relative quantity of EGR flow as a fraction of the total air flow.
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公开(公告)号：EP0853684A1
公开(公告)日：1998-07-22
申请号：EP96932704.0
申请日：1996-10-04
IPC分类号： C23C4
摘要： Method of depositing a metal base coating containing a self-lubricating oxide phase and one or more wear resistant phases, by: preparing at least one light metal substrate surface (31) to be essentially oxide-free and in a condition to adherently receive the coating; plasma spraying a supply of metal (M) powder particles (21) onto the substrate surface (31) to produce a composite coating of such metal (M) and an oxide (MOx) of such metal that has the lower oxygen content of any of such metal's oxide forms, the plasma being formed by introduction of a primary plasma gas through an electric arc/electromagnetic field to ionise the primary gas as a plasma stream (16) which stream envelopes each particle of the introduced powder, the powder particles being introduced to the plasma stream by an aspirating gas (17) and being melted or plasticized substantially only at a surface region of each particle by the heat of the plasma; the primary plasma gas (14) being constituted of a reactively oxide-neutral gas, but including a reducing gas component particularly when the oxide form of such powder is less than 90 % MOx, and the aspirating gas (17) being constituted of a reactively oxide-neutral gas, but including an oxidising component if the volume content of the MOx form of the powder is less than 5 % or it is desired to increase the volume of the oxide form MOx of the powder.
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公开(公告)号：EP0733006A1
公开(公告)日：1996-09-25
申请号：EP95902195.0
申请日：1994-11-30
发明人： WATANABE, Shunso, Frank , ECKERT, Steven, James , ENGELMAN, Gerald, H. , DIONESOTES, Neil, Thomas , COLLINS, Robert, Collins , BERNSTEIN, Steven, David
CPC分类号： F16K31/005 , B60G17/01941 , B60T8/363 , B60T8/366 , B60T8/369 , F02M2200/502 , F15C5/00 , F16H61/0251 , F16K99/0001 , F16K99/0007 , F16K99/0034 , F16K99/0048 , F16K2099/0074 , F16K2099/008 , F16K2099/0082 , F16K2099/009 , Y10T137/0318 , Y10T137/86718 , Y10T137/87217 , Y10T137/87772
摘要： A piezoelectric fluid control valve includes an upper metering element (100) and a lower metering element (116). Each metering element (100, 116) has an anchored end affixed to the walls of a chamber (16). The anchored end of the upper metering element (100) is provided with an inlet channel (122) and that of the lower metering element (116) with an outlet channel (123). A metering orifice (124, 126) is provided within each metering element (100, 116). A cantilevered spring valve (128, 130) is positionable within the associated metering orifice (124, 126). Each cantilevered spring valve (128, 130) is continuously displaceable between an opened position and a normally closed position. Each one of the cantilevered spring valves (128, 130) has sharp metering edges (131, 133) that cooperate with the metering elements (100, 116) to provide the associated metering orifices (124, 126), the edges (131, 133) blocking fluid when the cantilevered spring valves (128, 130) are closed. Positioned between the cantilevered spring valves (128, 130) is a polymorph (132) which is in operative communication with the metering elements (110, 116). When a potential difference is applied, the polymorph (132) becomes deflected and opens one of the cantilevered spring valves (128, 130). Each cantilevered spring valve (128, 130) has three sides so that each valve (128, 130) effectively acts as a single piece flapper.
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公开(公告)号：EP0706682A1
公开(公告)日：1996-04-17
申请号：EP94918458.0
申请日：1994-06-21
发明人： DAVIS, Leighton, Ira , SIEJA, Thomas Francis, 22061 Cleveland , DAGE, Gerhard, Allan , MATTESON, Robert, Wayne
CPC分类号： G05B13/0275 , G05D23/1917 , Y10S706/90
摘要： Method and system for modifying a linear control algorithm which controls an automotive HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) system using fuzzy logic. The control algorithm responds to signals generated by various climate control sensors to produce a desired vehicle air temperature as set by an operator of the vehicle. Fuzzy linear control achieves the following three functions: (1) calibration blending, (2) target set point adjustment, and (3) non-linear offset compensation. Fuzzy logic calculations are performed based on fuzzy rules and membership functions to provide nonlinear compensation and to allow the control to be expressed in the same heuristic terms that an occupant could use in describing the level of comfort.
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8.发明公开MULTI-SPARK IGNITION SYSTEM WITH VARIABLE NUMBER OF SPARKS FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 失效用于内燃机的具有可变数量的火花的多火花点火系统
公开(公告)号：EP0679223A1
公开(公告)日：1995-11-02
申请号：EP94902911.0
申请日：1993-12-20
摘要： An energy-on-demand vehicular ignition system, particularly a coil-per-plug system ('CPP') with a programmable re-striking and minimum single-strike energy output whereby at idle engine speed and lowest load, each coil (4) will be re-struck or discharged the maximum number of times permitted by the coil design within a limited time interval representing the beginning of the combustion event and occurring within 0-2 % MFB, and preferably within 0.5 % MFB, of the ignitable air fuel mixture within the combustion chamber. The CPP system also includes programmable re-striking whereby the system will default to a single-strike at conditions above a predetermined range of operating conditions, in particular, at a particular engine speed condition and a particular engine partial load condition. In between the conditions at (i) idle engine speed and lowest load on the one hand and, (ii) a predetermined engine speed and partial load condition. The ignition strategy includes the coil (4) being re-struck more than once, but less than the maximum number of re-strikes permitted by the coil design, with the particular number of re-strikes being determined in accordance with a preset schedule as predetermined to be ideal for complete combustion at the operating conditions being sensed.
摘要翻译： 一种按需点燃的车辆点火系统，特别是具有可编程重新点火和最小单次打击能量输出的线圈每插头系统（'CPP'），其中在怠速发动机速度和最低负载下，每个线圈（4） 将在表示燃烧事件开始的有限时间间隔内在线圈设计允许的最大次数内重新燃烧或放电，并且发生在可燃气体的0-2％MFB内，优选在0.5％MFB内 混合物在燃烧室内。 CPP系统还包括可编程的重新打击，由此系统将在高于预定工作条件范围的条件下，特别是在特定的发动机速度条件和特定的发动机部分负荷条件下默认为单次打击。 在（i）发动机怠速和最低负载的条件和（ii）预定的发动机速度和部分负载条件之间。 点火策略包括线圈（4）被重复重复多次，但少于线圈设计允许的重新撞击的最大次数，特定次数的重新撞击根据预设计划确定为 预定为在感测的操作条件下完全燃烧的理想选择。
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公开(公告)号：EP0670093A1
公开(公告)日：1995-09-06
申请号：EP93923619.0
申请日：1993-10-25
申请人： FORD MOTOR COMPANY
IPC分类号： H04L27
CPC分类号： H04L27/1563
摘要： In an FSK demodulator, the received, modulated signal (A) is divided between two paths. In one path, the signal (A) undergoes non-linear amplification (11, 15), providing an amplitude limited output (C). In the other path, the signal (A) also undergoes non-linear amplification (10, 13), but, in addition, is subjected to a phase shift (12). The phase shift is positive at the frequency representing binary ones, and negative at the frequency representing binary zeros (or vice versa). Thus, the signal (B) from this second branch, is a phase shifted version of the signal (C) from the first. A phase detector (14), comprising a D type flip flop, provides the demodulated output.
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公开(公告)号：EP0623000A1
公开(公告)日：1994-11-09
申请号：EP93901975.0
申请日：1993-01-21
申请人： FAHY, Arthur, James
发明人： FAHY, Arthur, James
摘要： Un dispositif de nettoyage (1) de voiture comprend un bloc spongieux absorbant les liquides, et présentant une souplesse élastique (2), pourvu d'une face exposée (3) servant à appliquer de l'eau savonneuse, sa face opposée étant recouverte d'une feuille mince et souple (4) n'absorbant pas l'eau et comportant des nervures parallèles (5) s'étendant entre les extrémités opposées du bloc. Lorsqu'on retourne le bloc après avoir rincé l'eau savonneuse, la feuille à nervures peut être utilisée pour enlever les gouttelettes d'eau de la surface peinte de la voiture sans produire de striures.
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