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公开(公告)号:US09825698B2
公开(公告)日:2017-11-21
申请号:US14564580
申请日:2014-12-09
发明人: Fred L. Heismann
IPC分类号: H04B10/079
CPC分类号: H04B10/07953 , H04B10/07951 , H04B10/07955
摘要: A method and apparatus for determining in-band OSNR in optical information signals, e.g. in polarization-multiplexed QPSK and higher-order M-ary QAM signals, are disclosed. A correlation measurement of the signal amplitude or power at two distinct optical frequencies of the signal may be used to determine the in-band optical noise in the signal. A measurement of the signal power may be used to determine the OSNR based on the determined in-band noise.
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公开(公告)号:US09634722B2
公开(公告)日:2017-04-25
申请号:US14323071
申请日:2014-07-03
CPC分类号: H04B3/46 , H04L43/0847 , H04L43/0858 , H04L43/106 , H04L43/50 , H04L69/22 , H04W24/08
摘要: Apparatus and method are provided for obtaining an upstream signal spectrum as it was during a time of transmission of a received upstream data packet. The apparatus includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a packet detector coupled to ADC, and a spectrum calculation unit coupled to the ADC and the packet detector. In operation, the spectrum calculation unit computes a spectrum of the digitized upstream signal as it was between the start and end times of the first packet. As a result, the obtained spectrum is representative of a condition of the transmission path during transmission of the upstream data packet.
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公开(公告)号:US09473373B2
公开(公告)日:2016-10-18
申请号:US13857012
申请日:2013-04-04
发明人: Thomas Henry , Scott A. Blomquist
IPC分类号: H04L12/26
CPC分类号: H04L43/0876 , H04L43/028 , H04L43/04
摘要: A method for storing a plurality of packets includes receiving a packets from a network, applying a hash function to values of one or more fields in the packet so as define a hash key and to select a storage bucket from a plurality of buckets, and adding the packet to the storage bucket. A bucket record associated with the storage bucket includes a flow index determined based on the values of the one or more fields in the packet.
摘要翻译: 用于存储多个分组的方法包括从网络接收分组,对分组中的一个或多个字段的值应用散列函数,以便定义散列密钥并从多个桶中选择一个存储桶,并且添加 数据包到存储桶。 与存储桶相关联的桶记录包括基于分组中的一个或多个字段的值确定的流量索引。
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公开(公告)号:US09313116B2
公开(公告)日:2016-04-12
申请号:US14192568
申请日:2014-02-27
摘要: A method of re-establishing communication between a control device and an unaddressed test device connected in a network is provided. The method includes: maintaining a plurality of network addresses of nodes within the network, at the control device; resending a lost message, comprising sending a plurality of command messages, each including a command sent in the lost message and having a destination address different from a destination address of the lost message, wherein the plurality of network addresses comprises the destination addresses of the plurality of command messages; and, receiving an acknowledgement message from the unaddressed test device at the control device.
摘要翻译: 提供了一种在网络中连接的控制设备和未寻址测试设备之间重新建立通信的方法。 该方法包括:在控制设备处维护网络内节点的多个网络地址; 重新发送丢失的消息,包括发送多个命令消息,每个命令消息包括在丢失消息中发送的命令,并且具有与丢失消息的目的地地址不同的目的地地址,其中多个网络地址包括多个目的地址 的命令消息; 以及在所述控制设备处从所述未寻址测试设备接收确认消息。
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公开(公告)号:US09234839B2
公开(公告)日:2016-01-12
申请号:US14079280
申请日:2013-11-13
发明人: Curtis R. Hruska , Charles A. Hulse , Brett J. Bryars , Marc K. Von Gunten , Christopher G. Pederson , Nada A. O'Brien , Jerry Zieba
IPC分类号: G01J3/42 , G01N21/359 , G01J5/08
CPC分类号: G01N21/35 , G01J3/0205 , G01J3/0272 , G01J3/10 , G01J3/26 , G01J3/42 , G01J5/08 , G01J2003/1234 , G01N21/359 , G01N2201/0221 , G01N2201/061 , G01N2201/068
摘要: A portable spectrometer device includes an illumination source for directing at a sample, and a tapered light pipe (TLP) for capturing light interacting with the sample at a first focal ratio and for delivering the light at a second focal ratio lower than the first focal ratio. A linearly variable filter (LVF) separates the captured light into a spectrum of constituent wavelength signals; and a detector array, including a plurality of pixels, each of the plurality of pixels disposed to receive at least a portion of a plurality of the constituent wavelength signals provides a power reading for each constituent wavelength. Preferably, the TLP is lensed at one end, and recessed in a protective boot with stepped inner walls. The gap between the TLP and LVF is minimized to further enhance resolution and robustness.
摘要翻译: 便携式光谱仪装置包括用于引导样品的照明源和用于以第一焦距比捕获与样品相互作用的光的锥形光管(TLP),并且以比第一焦距比低的第二焦距传送光 。 线性可变滤波器(LVF)将捕获的光分离成波长信号的频谱; 以及包括多个像素的检测器阵列,所述多个像素中的每一个被设置为接收多个所述组成波长信号的至少一部分,为每个构成波长提供功率读数。 优选地,TLP在一端镜片,并且凹陷在具有阶梯状内壁的保护靴中。 TLP和LVF之间的差距被最小化以进一步提高分辨率和鲁棒性。
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公开(公告)号:US20150293307A1
公开(公告)日:2015-10-15
申请号:US14733378
申请日:2015-06-08
CPC分类号: G02B6/3534 , B81B7/04 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3518 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/3556 , G02B26/0833 , G02B27/106 , G02B27/1086 , G02B27/1093 , G02B27/42
摘要: A multicast optical switch uses a diffractive bulk optical element, which splits at least one input optical beam into sub-beams, which freely propagate in a medium towards an array of directors, such as MEMS switches, for directing the sub-beams to output ports. Freely propagating optical beams can cross each other without introducing mutual optical loss. The amount of crosstalk is limited by scattering in the optical medium, which can be made virtually non-existent. Therefore, the number of the crossover connections, and consequently the number of inputs and outputs of a multicast optical switch, can be increased substantially without a loss or a crosstalk penalty.
摘要翻译: 组播光学交换机使用衍射体光学元件,其将至少一个输入光束分成子光束,所述子光束在介质中自由地传播到诸如MEMS开关的导向器阵列,用于将子光束引导到输出端口 。 自由传播的光束可以彼此交叉而不引入相互的光学损耗。 串扰的量受光介质中的散射的限制,实际上可能不存在。 因此,可以基本上增加交叉连接的数量以及因此多播光交换机的输入和输出的数量,而不会造成丢失或串扰损失。
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公开(公告)号:US20150260921A1
公开(公告)日:2015-09-17
申请号:US14660367
申请日:2015-03-17
IPC分类号: G02B6/35
CPC分类号: G02B6/3582 , G02B6/3584 , G02B6/359 , H01L2224/48091 , H01L2924/15192 , H01L2924/16195 , H01L2924/00014
摘要: An optical switching device including an optical switching engine may be packaged by omitting an optical bench and disposing optical elements directly on a base of a housing of the optical switching device. The optical switching engine may be disposed on a ceramic portion of the base, and thermally matched to the ceramic base. The base may be reinforced by the housing walls and optional internal rigidity ribs. The optical elements may be thermally matched to the base, and the lid may be strain relieved by thinning lid edges. The housing may be mounted to an external chassis using soft grummets.
摘要翻译: 可以通过省略光学台并将光学元件直接设置在光学开关装置的壳体的基座上来封装包括光学开关引擎的光学开关装置。 光学开关引擎可以设置在基座的陶瓷部分上,并且与陶瓷基座热匹配。 基座可以通过外壳壁和可选的内部刚性肋加强。 光学元件可以与基座热匹配,并且盖子可以通过使盖子边缘变薄来减轻应变。 外壳可以使用软格子安装到外部机箱。
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公开(公告)号:US09106353B2
公开(公告)日:2015-08-11
申请号:US13714174
申请日:2012-12-13
发明人: Canning Hsueh , Michael Stevens , Bob Samway
CPC分类号: H04J3/0667 , H04J3/0635 , H04J3/0682 , H04L7/0012 , H04L12/4633 , H04L63/04 , H04L63/0428
摘要: The invention relates to time synchronization between network testing elements in distributed network monitoring and testing systems, and provides a condensed PTP process wherein the number of timing messages exchanged between master and slave in one iteration of the time synchronization process is reduced. Furthermore, timing messages are encrypted to provide for a more secure synchronization process. One aspect of the method provides for an automatic detection and adaptive handling of protocol stacks of received timing packets.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及分布式网络监控和测试系统中的网络测试元件之间的时间同步,并且提供了一种精简的PTP过程,其中在时间同步过程的一次迭代中在主从设备之间交换的定时消息的数量减少。 此外,定时消息被加密以提供更安全的同步过程。 该方法的一个方面提供了对接收的定时分组的协议栈的自动检测和自适应处理。
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公开(公告)号:US08988669B2
公开(公告)日:2015-03-24
申请号:US13868819
申请日:2013-04-23
发明人: Kai-Hsiu Liao
CPC分类号: G01J1/4257 , G01J1/0214 , G01J1/0271 , G01J1/0295 , G01J1/0407 , G01J1/0425 , G01J1/1626 , G02B6/4286 , G02B6/4291
摘要: An optical power monitoring device includes a photodetector disposed in close proximity to the cladding of an optical fiber for measuring Rayleigh scattered light from the core of the optical fiber. To ensure only Rayleigh scattered light is measured, a cladding stripper is provided to remove any cladding light prior taking a reading with the photodetector.
摘要翻译: 光功率监测装置包括光电检测器,其设置在光纤包层附近,用于测量来自光纤芯的瑞利散射光。 为了确保仅测量瑞利散射光,提供包层剥离器以在用光电检测器进行读取之前去除任何包层光。
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公开(公告)号:US20140362443A1
公开(公告)日:2014-12-11
申请号:US14300823
申请日:2014-06-10
发明人: Charles T. MARKANTES , Cornelis Jan Delst , Vladimir P. Raksha , David de la Fuente , Paul G. Coombs
IPC分类号: G02B5/28
摘要: In a plurality of asymmetric color-shifting flakes, each flake has an asymmetric magnetic core with a magnetic layer visible on the first side of the core and a non-magnetic reflector layer on the magnetic layer, visible on the second side of the core. The flake has a spacer layer and an absorber layer on the first side of the core, and also a spacer layer and an absorber layer on the second side of the core, for providing color shifting effects. The material of the magnetic layer is different from the material of the reflector layer, and may be more stable when exposed to a chemical. When a coating with the asymmetric color-shifting flakes is exposed to the chemical, it may have better optical performance than a coating with symmetric color-shifting flakes.
摘要翻译: 在多个非对称色移薄片中,每个薄片具有非对称磁芯,磁芯在磁芯的第一侧可见,磁性层上的非磁性反射层可见于磁芯的第二侧。 薄片在芯的第一侧上具有间隔层和吸收层,并且在芯的第二侧上还具有间隔层和吸收层,用于提供颜色转换效果。 磁性层的材料与反射层的材料不同,暴露于化学物质时可能更稳定。 当具有不对称色移薄片的涂层暴露于化学品时,可能具有比具有对称色移薄片的涂层更好的光学性能。
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