摘要:
A sensor is mounted to a needle at a location proximate to a tip of the needle. The sensor senses tissue density of tissue in contact with the tip as the needle passes through the tissue. Further, the sensor detects a change in tissue density as the tip passes from one tissue to a target tissue.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is an electromagnetic flow sensor device for monitoring flow of fluid in a channel. The sensor device includes a first electrode to be disposed along the channel and in communication with the fluid, a second electrode to be disposed along the channel and in communication with the fluid, and a radially expandable frame to structurally support the first electrode and the second electrode while conforming to the channel to position the first electrode and the second electrode along the channel. The device may also include an antenna coupled to the first and second electrodes to wirelessly provide an indication of a voltage induced between the first and second electrodes. In some embodiments, the radially expandable frame includes an insulating link such that the first and second electrodes are not electrically connected via the radially expandable frame. The sensor device may also include a structure having an inductance coupled to the first and second electrodes to wirelessly provide an indication of the induced voltage.
摘要:
A micromachined thermal probe has a substrate with a surface and an edge, and at least one flexible probe body formed on the substrate that includes a cantilever beam section that extends from a proximal end outwardly to a distal end. A pair of conductors in the probe body extend to a junction at the distal end at which is formed a probe tip. Current passed through the conductors to the junction heats the probe tip, with changes in the effective probe resistance occurring as the probe tip is scanned over a sample with different thermal conductivities at different positions. A second flexible probe body may be mounted to the substrate and constructed similarly to the first probe body to act as a reference probe to allow compensation of the first probe. The probe body may be formed of layers of flexible polymer joined together over pairs of conductors, which is bent back onto itself and secured together at a proximal end of the cantilever beam.
摘要:
A micro-electro-discharge machining apparatus includes a substrate, a plurality of electrically conductive electrodes on the substrate arranged in an array, and a plurality of electrical interconnect lines formed on the substrate extending to one or more of the electrodes. An electrical power source is connected from one of its terminals through a resistor to each of the interconnect lines and from its other terminal to a workpiece to be machined. The electrodes connected to different interconnect lines may charge and discharge independently of each other, speeding up the machining process. An interconnect line may extend individually to each electrode so that all of the electrodes can charge and discharge independently of the others. The capacitor that is charged to produce the discharge voltage may be a separate discrete capacitor or a conductive substrate.
摘要:
This invention addresses a contact mode hybrid scanning system (HSS), which can be used for measuring topography. The system consists of a cantilever or a cantilever array, a scanning stage, a light source, and instrumentation to synchronize and control the individual components. Detection of the cantilever's movement is achieved by directly measuring the change in disposition of the cantilever including its height, rotation at one or more points on the cantilever thereby providing a partial three-dimensional reconstruction without the need for actuating the cantilever. This is achieved by employing a displacement meter such as a triangulation meter or a confocal meter.
摘要:
A medical device such as a biopsy needle or probe has an integrated piezoelectric transducer. A power source is electrically coupled to the piezoelectric transducer. The power source is configured to generate a signal that causes the piezoelectric transducer to generate heat for cauterizing tissue. A signal analyzer receives a signal from the piezoelectric transducer, or from a sensor integrated into the biopsy needle or probe, to determine the extent of the cauterization.
摘要:
A sensor is mounted to a biopsy needle at a location proximate to a tip of the needle. The sensor senses properties of tissue in contact with the sensor and proximate to the tip.
摘要:
A mechanical self-reciprocating oscillator and mechanism and method for establishing and maintaining regular back and forth movement of a micromachined device without the aid of any electronic components are provided. The fully mechanical micromachined oscillator and mechanism are driven using only a DC power source on at least one substrate such as a semiconductor chip. The oscillator and mechanism preferably include an electrothermal actuator, that, when actuated, opens a switch to cut off supply current to the actuator. Two versions of the oscillator and mechanism are provided using distinct hysteresis mechanisms, one structural and the other thermal.
摘要:
The present invention provides a system for determining blood flow rate in a vessel which communicates blood between two locations of a patient, the system comprising: a conduit in fluid communication with the vessel; at least one sensor in communication with the vessel for determining differential blood pressure (? P) between two or more locations within the vessel; and a processor operably connected to the at least one sensor for processing the ? P to obtain blood flow rate within the vessel.A method for determining blood flow rate in a vessel which communicates blood between two locations of a patient, the method comprising: diverting blood from the vessel at a diversion point to obtain a flow of diverted blood in a conduit; determining differential blood pressure (? P) of the diverted blood through the conduit; and processing the ? P to obtain blood flow rate within the vessel.
摘要:
A micro-discharge optical source apparatus and a method and system which utilizes the apparatus to analyze a sample are provided. The apparatus includes a substrate and an anode electrode and a cathode electrode supported on the substrate. One of the electrodes, such as the cathode, is preferably a liquid electrode. The electrodes are spaced apart to define an inter-electrode gap therebetween. The apparatus further includes a voltage source for applying a voltage between the electrodes sufficient to generate a glow micro-discharge in the gap to cause a first emission having a first desired excitation spectrum. An optical element is integrated with the substrate to direct the first emission to travel along an optical path including an axis. In one embodiment, the system detects the direct fluorescence of a sample such as tryptophan and other amino acids. In another embodiment, the system detects fluorescence of dye-labeled biochemicals.