Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for continuously preparing di-C1-3-alkyl succinates by reacting succinic acid with an C1-3-alkanol in the presence of a fixed-bed heterogeneous acidic esterification catalyst in a tubular reactor at a temperature in the range of from 60 to 100° C., wherein a mixture, comprising succinic acid, C1-3-alkanol, mono-C1-3-alkyl succinate, di-C1-3-alkyl succinate and water, is formed in a mixing stage and fed to the entrance of the tubular reactor, and wherein 5 to 75% of the outlet flow rate of the tubular reactor are recycled directly to the mixing stage as a recycle stream, and the molar ratio of C1-3-alkanol to succinic acid added to the mixing zone, and not including the C1-3-alkanol and succinic acid at the recycle stream, being in the range of from 2.0 to 9.5. The invention furthermore relates to a process for separating the reactor effluent of an esterification of succinic acid with an C1-3-alkanol to give di-C1-3-alkyl succinates by distillation, wherein the separation is performed in a divided wall column in which C1-3-alkanol and water are removed in a top draw of the column, di-C1-3-alkyl succinate is removed in a side draw of the column, and wherein mono-C1-3-alkyl succinate and succinic acid are removed in a bottom draw of the column.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to an industrial fermentation process for cultivating a Bacillus cell in a chemically defined fermentation medium and a method for producing a protein of inter-est comprising the steps of providing a chemically defined fermentation medium, inoculating the fermentation medium with a Bacillus cell comprising a gene encoding a protein of interest, cultivating the Bacillus cell in the fermentation medium under conditions conductive for the growth of the Bacillus cell and the expression of the protein of interest, wherein the cultivation of the Bacillus cell comprises the addition of one or more feed solutions comprising one or more chemically defined carbon sources and magnesium ions to the fermentation medium.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to an industrial fermentation process for cultivating a Bacillus cell in a chemically defined fermentation medium and a method for producing a protein of interest comprising the steps of providing a chemically defined fermentation medium, inoculating the fermentation medium with a Bacillus cell comprising a gene encoding a protein of interest, cultivating the Bacillus cell in the fermentation medium under conditions conductive for the growth of the Bacillus cell and the expression of the protein of interest, wherein the cultivation of the Bacillus cell comprises the addition of one or more feed solutions comprising one or more chemically defined carbon sources and one or more trace element ions to the fermentation medium.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for continuously preparing di-C1-3-alkyl succinates by reacting succinic acid with an C1-3-alkanol in the presence of a fixed-bed heterogeneous acidic esterification catalyst in a tubular reactor at a temperature in the range of from 60 to 100° C., wherein a mixture, comprising succinic acid, C1-3-alkanol, mono-C1-3-alkyl succinate, di-C1-3-alkyl succinate and water, is formed in a mixing stage and fed to the entrance of the tubular reactor, and wherein 5 to 75% of the outlet flow rate of the tubular reactor are recycled directly to the mixing stage as a recycle stream, and the molar ratio of C1-3-alkanol to succinic acid added to the mixing zone, and not including the C1-3-alkanol and succinic acid at the recycle stream, being in the range of from 2.0 to 9.5. The invention furthermore relates to a process for separating the reactor effluent of an esterification of succinic acid with an C1-3-alkanol to give di-C1-3-alkyl succinates by distillation, wherein the separation is performed in a divided wall column in which C1-3-alkanol and water are removed in a top draw of the column, di-C1-3-alkyl succinate is removed in a side draw of the column, and wherein mono-C1-3-alkyl succinate and succinic acid are removed in a bottom draw of the column.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for recovering a protein of interest from a fermentation broth by adding a salt of a divalent cation and increasing the pH.
Abstract:
The invention pertains to processes to produce dry biomass of pyripyropene producer organisms, processes to obtain pyripyropenes from such dry biomass, as well as to processes to produce compounds of Formula III and/or Formula IV and/or Formula V from the pyripyropenes obtained from the dry biomass. The invention does further pertain to the dry biomass itself, as well as processes using said dry biomass to obtain pyripyropenes for the production of compounds of Formula III and/or Formula IV and/or Formula V, including processes using said dry biomass to obtain pyripyropenes or compounds of Formula III and/or Formula IV and/or Formula V in order to produce pest control compositions, in particular insecticides, comprising such compounds.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for continuously preparing di-C1-3-alkyl succinates by reacting succinic acid with an C1-3-alkanol in the presence of a fixed-bed heterogeneous acidic esterification catalyst in a tubular reactor at a temperature in the range of from 60 to 100° C., wherein a mixture, comprising succinic acid, C1-3-alkanol, mono-C1-3-alkyl succinate, di-C1-3-alkyl succinate and water, is formed in a mixing stage and fed to the entrance of the tubular reactor, and wherein 5 to 75% of the outlet flow rate of the tubular reactor are recycled directly to the mixing stage as a recycle stream, and the molar ratio of C1-3-alkanol to succinic acid added to the mixing zone, and not including the C1-3-alkanol and succinic acid at the recycle stream, being in the range of from 2.0 to 9.5. The invention furthermore relates to a process for separating the reactor effluent of an esterification of succinic acid with an C1-3-alkanol to give di-C1-3-alkyl succinates by distillation, wherein the separation is performed in a divided wall column in which C1-3-alkanol and water are removed in a top draw of the column, di-C1-3-alkyl succinate is removed in a side draw of the column, and wherein mono-C1-3-alkyl succinate and succinic acid are removed in a bottom draw of the column.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for continuously preparing di-C1-3-alkyl succinates by reacting succinic acid with an C1-3-alkanol in the presence of a fixed-bed heterogeneous acidic esterification catalyst in a tubular reactor at a temperature in the range of from 60 to 100° C., wherein a mixture, comprising succinic acid, C1-3-alkanol, mono-C1-3-alkyl succinate, di-C1-3-alkyl succinate and water, is formed in a mixing stage and fed to the entrance of the tubular reactor, and wherein 5 to 75% of the outlet flow rate of the tubular reactor are recycled directly to the mixing stage as a recycle stream, and the molar ratio of C1-3-alkanol to succinic acid added to the mixing zone, and not including the C1-3-alkanol and succinic acid at the recycle stream, being in the range of from 2.0 to 9.5. The invention furthermore relates to a process for separating the reactor effluent of an esterification of succinic acid with an C1-3-alkanol to give di-C1-3-alkyl succinates by distillation, wherein the separation is performed in a divided wall column in which C1-3-alkanol and water are removed in a top draw of the column, di-C1-3-alkyl succinate is removed in a side draw of the column, and wherein mono-C1-3-alkyl succinate and succinic acid are removed in a bottom draw of the column.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for recovering a protein of interest from a fermentation broth by adding a salt of a divalent cation and increasing the pH.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods for preparing an aqueous acrylamide solution having a low acrylic acid concentration. In addition, the present invention relates to methods for reducing the acrylic acid concentration of an aqueous acrylamide solution. The methods involve a bioconversion of acrylonitrile to acrylamide in the presence of a biocatalyst, wherein during the bioconversion the content of acrylonitrile is maintained at 0.3 w/w % or more referred to the total weight of the composition in the reactor. Also provided is an aqueous acrylamide solution which is obtained by the methods of the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention is related to an acrylamide homopolymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing the acrylamide of the aqueous solution.