Overcurrent protection circuit
    1.
    发明授权
    Overcurrent protection circuit 失效
    过流保护电路

    公开(公告)号:US5689395A

    公开(公告)日:1997-11-18

    申请号:US564831

    申请日:1995-11-29

    CPC分类号: H02H3/025 H02H9/026

    摘要: An overcurrent protection system which will give a rapid response to relatively small overcurrents. The system, which can be connected between an electrical power supply and an electrical load to form an operating circuit, and which when so connected protects the circuit from overcurrents, has a normal operating condition and a fault condition, and comprises: a circuit interruption element having, (1) a normal state which permits the flow of a normal current, I.sub.NORMAL, when the system is in the normal operating condition, and (2) a fault state which permits the flow of at most a reduced current, substantially less than I.sub.NORMAL, when the system is in the fault condition; and a control element, connected in series with the circuit interruption element, the control element having a variable resistance which (1) is low when the current in the system does not exceed the normal current, I.sub.NORMAL, by a predetermined current amount, and (2) increases by at least a predetermined resistance amount when the current in the system exceeds the normal current, I.sub.NORMAL, by the predetermined current amount; the circuit interruption element changing from its normal state to its fault state, thereby causing the system to change from its normal operating condition to its fault condition, when the resistance of the control element has increased by the predetermined resistance amount.

    摘要翻译: 一种过电流保护系统,能够对相对较小的过电流进行快速响应。 可以连接在电源和电负载之间以形成操作电路的系统,以及当连接保护电路免受过电流时的系统具有正常操作条件和故障状况,并且包括:电路中断元件 具有(1)当系统处于正常操作状态时允许正常电流(INORMAL)流动的正常状态,以及(2)允许至多减少电流流动的故障状态,基本上小于 INORMAL,当系统处于故障状态时; 以及与所述电路中断元件串联连接的控制元件,所述控制元件具有可变电阻(1)当系统中的电流不超过正常电流(INORMAL)预定电流量时(1)为低,并且( 2)当系统中的电流超过正常电流INORMAL预定电流量时,增加至少预定电阻量; 电路中断元件从其正常状态变为其故障状态,从而当控制元件的电阻增加预定电阻量时,使系统从其正常工作状态变为其故障状态。

    Frequency-selective circuit protection arrangements
    2.
    发明授权
    Frequency-selective circuit protection arrangements 失效
    频率选择电路保护装置

    公开(公告)号:US06437955B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-08-20

    申请号:US09536905

    申请日:2000-03-28

    IPC分类号: H02H316

    摘要: A conventional ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is modified to provide frequency-selective current protection. A control element is connected in series with the line path (or return path) of the GFCI, and a bypass element is connected in parallel with the combination of the control element and the line path (or return path) of the GFCI. Under normal conditions, little or no current flows through the bypass element. However, frequency response characteristics of the control and/or bypass elements are such that a frequency-selective component of the current (i.e. high-pass, low-pass or band-pass) is diverted through the bypass element. When the magnitude of the frequency-selective component reaches a predetermined value, the bypass current flow causes sensing of a resulting current imbalance and tripping of the GFCI.

    摘要翻译: 传统的接地故障电路断续器(GFCI)被修改以提供频率选择电流保护。 控制元件与GFCI的线路(或返回路径)串联连接,并且旁路元件与控制元件和GFCI的线路径(或返回路径)的组合并联连接。 在正常条件下,很少或没有电流流经旁路元件。 然而,控制和/或旁路元件的频率响应特性使得电流(即,高通,低通或带通)的频率选择分量被转移通过旁路元件。 当频率选择分量的幅度达到预定值时,旁路电流将导致感测到的电流不平衡和GFCI的跳闸。

    Circuit protection arrangements using ground fault interrupter for
overcurrent and overvoltage protection
    3.
    发明授权
    Circuit protection arrangements using ground fault interrupter for overcurrent and overvoltage protection 失效
    使用接地故障断路器进行过流保护和过电压保护的电路保护装置

    公开(公告)号:US5745322A

    公开(公告)日:1998-04-28

    申请号:US563321

    申请日:1995-11-28

    CPC分类号: H02H3/334 H02H3/105

    摘要: An electrical protection system which uses a ground fault interrupter (GFI) to protect a circuit from (A) ground faults and (B) overcurrents and/or overvoltages. For overcurrent protection, a control element may be coupled in series with the line or return input to the GFI, and a bypass element may be coupled in parallel with the control element and the GFI. In case of an overcurrent, the control element causes current to be diverted through the bypass element, thereby creating a current imbalance in the GFI circuitry causing the GFI to open the circuit. For overvoltage protection, a bypass element (e.g. a varistor) may be coupled between, e.g., the line sense input of the GFI and the return sense input of the GFI. In case of an overvoltage, the bypass element conducts current, thereby creating a current imbalance in the GFI circuitry causing the GFI to open the circuit.

    摘要翻译: 一种使用接地故障中断器(GFI)来保护电路免受(A)接地故障和(B)过电流和/或过电压的电气保护系统。 对于过电流保护,控制元件可以与GFI的线路或返回输入串联耦合,并且旁路元件可以与控制元件和GFI并联耦合。 在过电流的情况下,控制元件使电流通过旁路元件转移,从而在GFI电路中产生电流不平衡,导致GFI打开电路。 对于过电压保护,旁路元件(例如变阻器)可以耦合在例如GFI的线路感测输入和GFI的返回检测输入之间。 在过压的情况下,旁路元件导通电流,从而在GFI电路中产生电流不平衡,导致GFI打开电路。

    Voltage sensing overcurrent protection circuit

    公开(公告)号:US5666254A

    公开(公告)日:1997-09-09

    申请号:US564457

    申请日:1995-11-29

    摘要: An overcurrent protection system which will give a rapid response to overcurrents which cause a reduction in the voltage across the load, e.g. a partial or complete short across the load, and is particularly suitable for protecting circuits against relatively small overcurrents, comprising: a circuit interruption element which, in the operating circuit, is connected in series between the electrical power supply and the electrical load, and which has (1) a closed state which permits the flow of a normal current, I.sub.NORMAL, through the circuit interruption element, and (2) an open state which permits the flow of at most a reduced current, substantially less than I.sub.NORMAL, through the circuit interruption element; a control element which, in the operating circuit, is connected in parallel with the load, and which has (1)(i) an on state, when the voltage across the control element is a normal voltage, V.sub.NORMAL, and (ii) is converted to an off state, when the voltage across the control element falls to a value V.sub.FAULT, or less, and (2) is functionally linked to the circuit interruption element so that when the control element is in the on state, the circuit interruption element is in the closed state, and when the control element is in the off state, the circuit interruption element is in the open state; and a bypass element which (1) is connected in parallel with the circuit interruption element, and (2) has (i) a start-up state such that, if the circuit interruption element is in the fault state and a current I.sub.NORMAL is passed through the bypass element, the voltage across the control element is greater than V.sub.FAULT, and (ii) a stopped state such that if the circuit interruption element is in the fault state as a result of the voltage across the control element having fallen to a value V.sub.FAULT or less, the current through the bypass element is such that the voltage across the control element remains at a value of V.sub.FAULT or less.

    Ultra small core fiber with dispersion tailoring
    5.
    发明授权
    Ultra small core fiber with dispersion tailoring 有权
    超小芯纤维与分散裁剪

    公开(公告)号:US08467648B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-06-18

    申请号:US13448003

    申请日:2012-04-16

    IPC分类号: G02B6/02 G02B6/036

    摘要: Various embodiments of optical fiber designs and fabrication processes for ultra small core fibers (USCF) are disclosed. In some embodiments, the USCF includes a core that is at least partially surrounded by a region comprising first features. The USCF further includes a second region at least partially surrounding the first region. The second region includes second features. In an embodiment, the first features are smaller than the second features, and the second features have a filling fraction greater than about 90 percent. The first features and/or the second features may include air holes. Embodiments of the USCF may provide dispersion tailoring. Embodiments of the USCF may be used with nonlinear optical devices configured to provide, for example, a frequency comb or a supercontinuum.

    摘要翻译: 公开了用于超小芯纤维(USCF)的光纤设计和制造工艺的各种实施例。 在一些实施例中,USCF包括至少部分地被包括第一特征的区域包围的芯。 USCF还包括至少部分围绕第一区域的第二区域。 第二个区域包括第二个特征。 在一个实施例中,第一特征小于第二特征,并且第二特征具有大于约90%的填充分数。 第一特征和/或第二特征可以包括气孔。 USCF的实施例可以提供色散调整。 USCF的实施例可以与被配置为提供例如频率梳或超连续谱的非线性光学装置一起使用。

    Methods of bonding or modifying hydrogels using irradiation
    6.
    发明授权
    Methods of bonding or modifying hydrogels using irradiation 失效
    使用照射结合或改性水凝胶的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08262730B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-09-11

    申请号:US11608128

    申请日:2006-12-07

    IPC分类号: A61F2/02 A61F2/28 A61F2/30

    摘要: This invention provides methods and processes to attach or bond hydrogels to suitable surfaces using irradiation techniques and also provides methods and processes to create crosslinked regions in hydrogel articles using these irradiation techniques. Specifically, lasers at wavelengths tuned to the irradiation absorption bands of hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acid groups or water may be used to attach or bond hydrogels to surfaces such as soft tissue and hydrogel surfaces or to crosslink regions in hydrogel articles.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供了使用照射技术将水凝胶附着或粘合到合适表面上的方法和方法,并且还提供使用这些照射技术在水凝胶制品中产生交联区域的方法和方法。 具体地,可以使用调谐到羟基,羧酸基团或水的照射吸收带的波长的激光器将水凝胶附着或粘合到表面,例如软组织和水凝胶表面,或者在水凝胶制品中交联区域。

    Synthetic Polymer Adhesives And Methods For Making, Using And Delivering The Same
    8.
    发明申请
    Synthetic Polymer Adhesives And Methods For Making, Using And Delivering The Same 有权
    合成聚合物粘合剂及其制备,使用和提供方法

    公开(公告)号:US20110276088A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-11-10

    申请号:US13099549

    申请日:2011-05-03

    IPC分类号: A61B17/03 C08L29/04

    摘要: A synthetic polymer based adhesive formulation that has properties substantially simulating selected properties of fibrin glue, and methods of making and using the same. The adhesive formulation includes a discrete acid solution and discrete base solution that when combined form a synthetic polymer based adhesive that substantially simulates selected properties of fibrin glue. The discrete acid solution includes a polymer and a cross-linking agent precursor. The discrete base solution includes a polymer and a base.

    摘要翻译: 具有基本上模拟纤维蛋白胶的选择性质的性质的合成聚合物基粘合剂制剂及其制备和使用方法。 粘合剂制剂包括离散的酸溶液和离散的碱性溶液,当组合形成基本上模拟纤维蛋白胶的选定性质的基于合成聚合物的粘合剂时。 离散酸溶液包括聚合物和交联剂前体。 离散碱溶液包括聚合物和碱。

    Web-Based Asset Management
    9.
    发明申请
    Web-Based Asset Management 有权
    网络资产管理

    公开(公告)号:US20110047170A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-02-24

    申请号:US12916410

    申请日:2010-10-29

    IPC分类号: G06F15/16 G06F17/30 G06F9/44

    摘要: The method and system of the present invention provides an improved technique for replacing, implementing and managing computer-related assets. A technician accesses the World Wide Web through a user's computer. The information resident on the computer, including information regarding the computer and the user's preferences, are downloaded to a remote storage medium through the World Wide Web. Once downloaded, all information may be removed from the user's computer. Subsequently, the technician accesses another computer such as, for example, a new computer that has been assigned to the same user. The technician accesses the World Wide Web through the new computer and downloads the information previously stored on the remote storage medium. This information can then be used to install the user's prior applications, settings and preferences on the new computer.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的方法和系统提供了一种用于替换,实施和管理计算机相关资产的改进技术。 技术人员通过用户的计算机访问万维网。 计算机上驻留的信息(包括有关计算机的信息和用户的偏好)通过万维网下载到远程存储介质。 一旦下载,所有信息可能会从用户的计算机中删除。 随后,技术人员访问另一台计算机,例如已分配给同一用户的新计算机。 技术人员通过新计算机访问万维网,并下载先前存储在远程存储介质上的信息。 然后,可以将此信息用于在新计算机上安装用户的先前应用程序,设置和首选项。