摘要:
An electronic control unit (an ECU) of a fuel injection system performs a learning injection based on a learning injection quantity and obtains multiple influence values of an operating state of an engine generated through the learning injection. The ECU calculates a learning value for correcting the injection quantity in a normal operation based on the multiple influence values. The ECU determines whether the influence value obtained during the learning injection is within a predetermined range of the influence value. The ECU calculates a provisional learning injection quantity for bringing a subsequent influence value into the predetermined range if the influence value obtained in an early stage of the obtainment is out of the predetermined range. Then, the ECU calculates the other influence values by performing the other learning injections based on the provisional learning injection quantity.
摘要:
An injection quantity control apparatus for accurately performing an injection quantity learning process in a diesel engine creates an environment for obtaining a characteristic value in a one-to-one relationship with an actual injection quantity. A controller performs a one-shot injection operation for a cylinder of an engine while the environment is established. An injection command quantity is corrected based on an engine speed variation caused by the one-shot injection. After establishment of the condition and before the injection, the opening of a valve is controlled to be smaller than a reference and an opening of each of a diesel throttle and variable turbocharger is controlled to be larger than a reference. A composition of an air flowing into a combustion chamber is stabilized to ensure that the characteristic value detected after the one-shot injection is in a one-to-one relationship with the actual injection quantity.
摘要:
An injection quantity control apparatus for accurately performing an injection quantity learning process in a diesel engine creates an environment for obtaining a characteristic value in a one-to-one relationship with an actual injection quantity. A controller performs a one-shot injection operation for a cylinder of an engine while the environment is established. An injection command quantity is corrected based on an engine speed variation caused by the one-shot injection. After establishment of the condition and before the injection, the opening of a valve is controlled to be smaller than a reference and an opening of each of a diesel throttle and variable turbocharger is controlled to be larger than a reference. A composition of an air flowing into a combustion chamber is stabilized to ensure that the characteristic value detected after the one-shot injection is in a one-to-one relationship with the actual injection quantity.
摘要:
When a combustion mode of an engine is a diffuse combustion mode in which an initial rising inclination of a heat-release-rate is steep, an electronic control unit (ECU) calculates an ignition timing in which the heat-release-rate exceeds an ignition determining value. Thus, even if a cylinder pressure sensor has a gain deviation or an offset deviation, the ignition timing is accurately detected to control the injection start timing. When the combustion mode is a premix combustion mode in which the initial rising inclination of the heat-release-rate is moderate, a peak arising timing of the heat-release-rate is calculated. Thus, the peak arising timing is accurately detected to control the injection start timing.
摘要:
When a combustion mode of an engine is a diffuse combustion mode in which an initial rising inclination of a heat-release-rate is steep, an electronic control unit (ECU) calculates an ignition timing in which the heat-release-rate exceeds an ignition determining value. Thus, even if a cylinder pressure sensor has a gain deviation or an offset deviation, the ignition timing is accurately detected to control the injection start timing. When the combustion mode is a premix combustion mode in which the initial rising inclination of the heat-release-rate is moderate, a peak arising timing of the heat-release-rate is calculated. Thus, the peak arising timing is accurately detected to control the injection start timing.
摘要:
In a transient state caused by fuel cut, a normal output of an A/F sensor having normal response and a lowered output having response lowered by a predetermined value as compared to the normal output are estimated, and an actual output of the A/F sensor is sensed. S1 as an integration value of a deviation between the normal output and the lowered output and S2 as an integration value of a deviation between the normal output and the actual output are calculated respectively until the normal output and the lowered output converge to an oxygen concentration equivalent to an atmosphere. S2 changes in accordance with a lowering degree of the response of the actual output. Therefore, the lowering degree of the response of the A/F sensor can be diagnosed based on S2/S1.
摘要:
A positive working light-sensitive composition comprising (a) a compound capable of generating acids through irradiation of actinic rays or radiant rays, (b) an organic base and (c) an alkali-soluble polymer. The composition is highly sensitive to light in wider wavelength region and highly resistant to aging. It can easily be produced and can hence be easily available.
摘要:
A photopolymerizable composition comprising (1) an addition-polymerizable compound having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and (2) a photopolymerization initiator as essential components, the improvement which comprises the photopolymerization initiator comprising a combination of (a) a 5-isoxazolone represented by the general formula (1) and (b) an aromatic carbonyl compound, a dialkylamino aromatic carbonyl compound represented by any of formulae (2) to (5), a compound represented by the formula (6) or 2-(.alpha.-thioxophenetylidene)-3-methylnaphtho[1,2-d][1,3]-thiazoline: ##STR1## wherein in the formula (1), A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryl group, an arylcarbonyl group or a hydrogen atom and may be the same or different; in the formulae (2) to (5) R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group and may be the same or different, R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group or a 5- or 6-membered hetero-aromatic ring, and X represents a substituent having a Hammett's .sigma. value in the range of about -0.9 to +0.7; and in the formula (6) R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group, or an alkenyl group, R.sup.5 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, a thienyl group or a furyl group, and Z represents an atomic group necessaary to form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring; is disclosed.
摘要:
Light sensitive high molecular weight compounds containing furanacrylate groups in the molecule, which can be suitably used for the preparation of photopolymerizable compositions used in light sensitive materials such as, e.g., a photoresist, a method for forming images using the high molecular weight compounds which undergo a change in solubility or are rendered insoluble upon irradiation and a method for preparing the high molecular weight compounds containing the novel structure by homo- or copolymerization of a monomeric vinyl ether or epoxy compound containing a furanacrylate group in the molecule.
摘要:
A method for controlling air intake into an air conditioned enclosure includes generating a plurality of sensor output voltages using a NOx sensor. A NOx voltage ratio is calculated from the sensor output voltages. A determination is made when the NOx voltage ratio one of equals and exceeds a NOx threshold. The NOx voltage ratio is reset to a unitary value for a predetermined length of time.