Preparation of carboxylic chlorides
    4.
    发明授权
    Preparation of carboxylic chlorides 失效
    羧酸氯化物的制备

    公开(公告)号:US5200560A

    公开(公告)日:1993-04-06

    申请号:US908439

    申请日:1992-06-30

    IPC分类号: C07C51/60

    CPC分类号: C07C51/60

    摘要: A process for the preparation of a carboxylic chloride of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 -alkenyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 -alkynyl, from a carboxylic acid of the general formula II ##STR2## in which R has the meanings stated, and phosgene COCl.sub.2 (III), in the presence of a catalyst adduct comprising phosgene and N,N-disubstituted formamide of the general formula IV ##STR3## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form a C.sub.4 - or C.sub.5 -alkylene chain which may or may not be interrupted by an oxygen atom or by a nitrogen atom carrying a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl group or CHO, the product being isolated by phase separation, wherein the amount of phosgene added to the formamide (IV) is from 20 to 70% molar, based on the formamide.

    摘要翻译: 由通式I(I)表示的羧酸的制备方法,其中R表示C 1 -C 30 - 烷基,C 2 -C 30 - 烯基或C 2 -C 30炔基,由通式 (II)其中R具有所述的含义,和光气COCl 2(III),在包含光气和N,N-二取代的通式IV(IV)的甲酰胺的催化剂加合物的存在下,在 其中R 1和R 2独立地是C 1 -C 3 - 烷基或R 1和R 2一起形成C4-或C5-亚烷基链,其可以被氧原子或可以不被氧原子中断或可以被携带C1-C3-烷基的氮原子或 CHO,通过相分离分离产物,其中加甲酰胺(IV)中的光气的量为甲酰胺为20-70%摩尔。

    Electron beam generator for an electron gun
    5.
    发明授权
    Electron beam generator for an electron gun 失效
    用于电子枪的电子束发生器

    公开(公告)号:US5118991A

    公开(公告)日:1992-06-02

    申请号:US579792

    申请日:1990-09-10

    IPC分类号: H01J37/248 H02H7/00

    CPC分类号: H01J37/248 H02H7/00

    摘要: In an electron beam generator where the heating current for the cathode is transformed by an insulating transformer 7 disposed on the high-voltage insulator 4 of the beam head, the primary winding of this insulating transformer 7 being connected to ground potential, and where a single-pole high-voltage connection 2 and a single-pole high-voltage cable 2 connect the beam head 3 to a high-voltage generator 1, the high-voltage cable 2, at its terminal ends, has a protective resistor 10 corresponding to the surge impedance of the high-voltage cable 2 in order to reduce the damages to insulating and component parts.

    摘要翻译: 在通过设置在光束头的高压绝缘体4上的绝缘变压器7使阴极的加热电流变换的电子束发生器中,该绝缘变压器7的初级绕组连接到地电位,并且其中单个 杆高压连接2和单极高压电缆2将光束头3连接到高压发生器1,高压电缆2在其末端具有对应于高压发生器1的保护电阻器10 为了减少对绝缘和部件的损坏,高压电缆2的浪涌阻抗。

    Tectoaluminosilicate cement and a process for its manufacture
    10.
    发明授权
    Tectoaluminosilicate cement and a process for its manufacture 失效
    组合硅铝酸盐水泥及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US5372640A

    公开(公告)日:1994-12-13

    申请号:US855014

    申请日:1992-06-09

    摘要: A tectoaluminosilicate cement which consists of K, Ca and aluminosilicates plus, optionally, Li, Na and Mg, contains: a phyllosilicate dehydroxylated at a temperature between 500.degree. and 900.degree. C., reactive amorphous silica, reactive calcium silicate glass or reactive calcium aluminosilicate glass with a Ca:Si ratio of .gtoreq.1 and alkali silicate with the total formula: a(M.sub.2 O) * x(SiO.sub.2) * y(H.sub.2 O) in which M=Li, Na or K, a=0-4, x=0-5 and y=3-20, the overall Si:Al ratio being .gtoreq.1. The tectoaluminosilicate cement preferably alkali hydroxide. The dehydroxylated phyllosilicate is a metakaolin giving tectosilicate structures. The reactive amorphous silica is a dealuminated phyllosilicate, a fly ash dealuminated with mineral acids, where applicable, a fine-grained crystalline form of SiO.sub.2 contained in calcinated clays, a silicic acid gel, thermally activated by alkali-activated aluminosilicate, obtained by sintering an aluminosilicate with alkali carbonate at a temperture between 800.degree. and 1,200.degree. C., the alkali and aluminosilicate components being mixed in the ratio 1:6 to 1:1, and/or microsilica ("silica fume"). The alkali metal activator may be prepared in situ from the dealuminated phyllosilicate and/or from the silicic acid gel in the presence of the alkali hydroxide. A bonding matrix obtained from the tectoaluminosilicate cement by reacting with water in the ratio 3:1 to 6:1 consists essentially of the formula: (Li, Na).sub.0-7 K.sub.1-6 Mg.sub.1-0 Ca.sub.3-0 [Al.sub.4 Si.sub.6-14 O.sub.21-36 ].(0-15H.sub.2 O).

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP91 / 01607 371日期:1992年6月9日 102(e)日期1992年6月9日PCT 1991年8月24日PCT PCT。 出版物WO92 / 04300 日期:1992年3月19日。由K,Ca和硅铝酸盐以及任选的Li,Na和Mg组成的组合硅铝酸盐水泥含有:在500-900℃的温度下脱羟基化的页硅酸盐,反应性无定形二氧化硅,反应性 硅酸钙玻璃或Ca:Si比值大于等于1的反应性硅铝酸钙玻璃和碱金属硅酸盐,总配方为:(M 2 O)* x(SiO 2)* y(H 2 O),其中M = Li,Na或K ,a = 0-4,x = 0-5和y = 3-20,Si:Al比的总和大于等于1。 组合硅铝酸盐水泥优选碱金属氢氧化物。 脱羟基化的页硅酸盐是给出晶体硅酸盐结构的偏高岭土。 反应性无定形二氧化硅是脱铝页硅酸盐,与无机酸脱铝的飞灰,在适用的情况下,煅烧粘土中含有的细晶粒SiO 2,通过碱活化的硅铝酸盐热活化的硅酸凝胶,其通过烧结 铝硅酸盐与碱金属碳酸盐在800至1200℃之间的温度下,碱和硅铝酸盐组分以1:6至1:1的比例混合,和/或微硅粉(“硅粉”)。 碱金属活化剂可以在碱金属氢氧化物的存在下从脱硅页硅酸盐和/或从硅酸凝胶原位制备。 通过与水以比例为3:1至6:1的比例从组合硅铝酸盐胶浆获得的粘结基质基本上由式(Li,Na)0-7K1-6Mg1-0Ca3-0 [Al4Si6-14O21-36]组成。 (0-15H2O)。