摘要:
A data recording and reproducing apparatus promotes error-free and speedy exchange of data between separate recording media. When desired primary data is to be recorded on a master recording medium, secondary data is added to the primary data in order to detect and correct data errors. The primary and secondary data are recorded on the master recording medium in a plurality of series which differ in recording sequence from each other. The primary data is reproduced from the master recording medium together with the secondary data for the different series at the same time, regardless of their recording sequences. The reproduced primary data is allowed for error check and correction based on the secondary data and is recorded in the slave recording medium.
摘要:
A digital signal having a configuration of blocks or frames is recorded via a multi-track record on a first group of tracks, such as odd tracks, of a master tape which is driven at a first direction. Then when recording another digital signal by forming a second group of tracks, such as even tracks, in a second direction which is opposite to the first direction, the digital signal prerecorded on the first group of tracks is derived to produce a speed signal indicative of the tape speed at which the digital signal was recorded on the first group. The speed signal is then compared with a reference signal having a predetermined frequency for producing a control signal, which is used to control the driving speed of the master tape. Thus the second group of tracks is formed with the running speed of the master tape being controlled. As a result, the phase difference between the first and second groups of tracks is constant throughout the entire length of the master tape. The speed signal may be derived from a synchronous signal recorded on a control track, which may be formed when forming the first group of tracks.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for digital magnetic recording of data in which digital data is recorded on a magnetic recording medium after being demodulated by the NRZI (Non-Return-to-Zero Inverted) system and read thereoutof timed to magnetic flux reversal caused by the recorded data on the recording medium. The digital data is encoded in a predetermined manner before the NRZI modulation so that at least part of "false" bits contained in the digital data is converted into "true" bits, resulting in an increase in the number of "true" bits. The encoded data is written into the recording medium after the NRZI modulation. In the event of reproduction of the data from the recording medium, self-clocking occurs to generate a data readout timing. The increased number of "true" bits insures desirable self-clocking. The data read from the recording medium is decoded to the original digital data.
摘要:
A magnetic tape is simultaneously recorded with digital signals on one or a plurality of forward recording tracks and reverse recording tracks thereon as the tape travels in a predetermined direction. The digital signals are reproduced from the forward recording tracks when the tape travels in a direction from one end to another end thereof, and the digital signals are reproduced from the reverse recording tracks when the tape travels in a direction from the other end to the one end thereof. The digital signals are recorded with the phase of the digital signals which are recorded on the forward or reverse recording tracks, relatively advanced with respect to the phase of the digital signals which are recorded on the reverse or forward recording tracks, so that solitary reproduced waveforms which are reproduced from the forward and reverse recording tracks respectively have substantially the same assymmetry of zeros or the same symmetry of zeros. The first recording tracks are scanned upon reproduction in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction in which the tape traveled upon recording, and the second recording tracks are scanned upon reproduction in a direction which is the same as the predetermined direction in which the tape traveled upon recording.
摘要:
A digital signal of data and synchronization words is distributed to a plurality of circuit paths and transformed into non-return-to-zero inverted (NRZI) signals for application to a plurality of stationary parallel magnetic heads for recording the distributed NRZI signals along first parallel tracks on a magnetic tape when driven toward one end thereof and along second parallel tracks interleaved with the first tracks when the tape is driven toward the other end thereof. Each of the transducers has a differential characteristic with which the recorded signal is detected as a ternary signal, the detected signal is converted to a binary signal to recover the original digital signal. The synchronization word is detected from the recovered digital signal to generate a timing signal indicative of the position of each binary digit of the data word with respect to the detected synchronization word. In response to the timing control signal the timing of each binary digit derived from each transducer is aligned with those derived from the other transducers and arranged into a series of successive data words for conversion to an analog signal.
摘要:
It is to provide a membrane/electrode assembly excellent in the power generation characteristics under low or no humidity conditions and under high humidity conditions, and an electrolyte material suitable for a catalyst layer of the membrane/electrode assembly.It is to use an electrolyte material, which comprises a polymer (H) having ion exchange groups converted from precursor groups in a polymer (F) having repeating units (A) having a precursor group represented by the formula (g1) and repeating units (B) based on a perfluoromonomer having a 5-membered ring, and having a density of at most 2.03 g/cm3, the polymer (H) having an ion exchange capacity of from 1.3 to 2.3 meq/g dry resin: wherein Q1 and Q2 are a perfluoroalkylene group having an etheric oxygen atom, or the like, and Y is F or the like.
摘要翻译:提供一种在低或无湿度条件下和高湿度条件下发电特性优异的膜/电极组件,以及适用于膜/电极组件的催化剂层的电解质材料。 使用电解质材料,其包含在具有由式(g1)表示的前体基团和重复单元(重复单元)的重复单元(A)的聚合物(F)中由前体基团转化的离子交换基团的聚合物(H) B)基于具有5元环的全氟单体,并且密度为至多2.03g / cm 3,所述聚合物(H)的离子交换容量为1.3-2.3meq / g干树脂:其中Q1和Q2 是具有醚性氧原子等的全氟亚烷基,Y是F等。
摘要:
The present invention is directed to a process of making α-aminooxyketone and α-hydroxyketone compounds. The synthetic pathway involves reacting an aldehyde or ketone substrate and a nitroso substrate in the presence of a catalyst of the formula (IV): wherein Xa-Xc represent independently nitrogen, carbon, oxygen or sulfur and Z represents a 4 to 10-membered ring with or without a substituent and optionally a further step to convert the α-aminooxyketone compound formed to the α-hydroxyketone compound which results in α-aminooxyketone and α-hydroxyketone compounds with high enantioselectivity and high purity. The present invention is also directed to a catalytic asymmetric O-nitroso Aldol/Michael reaction involving a cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone substrate and a nitroso substrate. This methodology involves reacting the cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone substrate and the nitroso substrate in the presence of a proline-based catalyst, to provide a heterocyclic product.
摘要:
In a substrate processing control method, a first process acquires a first-reflectance-spectrum of a beam reflected from the first-fine-structure and a second-reflectance-spectrum of a beam reflected from the second-fine-structure for each of varying-pattern-dimensions of the first-fine-structure when the pattern-dimension of the first-fine-structure is varied. A second process acquires reference-spectrum-data for each of the varying-pattern-dimensions of the first-fine-structure by overlapping the first-reflectance-spectrum with the second-reflectance-spectrum. A third process actually measures beams reflected from the first and the second-fine-structure, respectively, after irradiating light beam on to the substrate and acquiring reflectance-spectrums of the actual-measured beams as actual-measured spectrum data. A fourth process compares the actual-measured spectrum data with the respective reference-spectrum data and acquiring, as the measured pattern-dimension, one of the varying-pattern-dimensions corresponding to reference-spectrum data that is closely matches with the actual-measured spectrum data. A final process ends the processing of the substrate if the measured pattern-dimension reaches a value.
摘要:
In a plasma processing method, a correlation between substrate type data and optical data is obtained by using a multivariate analysis; substrate type data is obtained from optical data based on the correlation when initiating a plasma processing; and a substrate type is determined by using the obtained substrate type data. Further, a setting data set corresponding to the determined substrate type is selected from setting data sets, each for detecting a plasma processing end point of the plasma processing, each of the setting data sets being stored in advance in a data storage unit; an end point of the plasma processing is detected based on the selected setting data set; and the plasma processing is terminated at the detected end point.
摘要:
To provide a membrane/electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and processes for their production, which make it possible to stably exhibit a high power generation performance in various environments. A membrane/electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, which comprises a first electrode having a first catalyst layer and a first gas diffusion layer, a second electrode having a second catalyst layer and a second gas diffusion layer, and a polymer electrolyte membrane disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the 90° peel strength at least one of the interface between the first electrode and the polymer electrolyte membrane and the interface between the second electrode and the polymer electrolyte membrane is at least 0.03 N/cm.