Process for preparing detergent compositions having high bulk density
    92.
    发明授权
    Process for preparing detergent compositions having high bulk density 失效
    制备高堆积密度的洗涤剂组合物的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06992055B1

    公开(公告)日:2006-01-31

    申请号:US09254474

    申请日:1997-09-03

    IPC分类号: C11D11/00

    CPC分类号: C11D17/065 C11D1/22 C11D11/04

    摘要: A method for producing detergent granules, includes the step of dry-neutralizing a liquid acid precursor of a non-soap, anionic surfactant with a water-soluble, solid, alkali inorganic substance. In this method, a dry-neutralizing step is carried out in the presence of 0.1 to 1.0 mol of an inorganic acid per mol of the liquid acid precursor of a non-soap, anionic surfactant. The above detergent granules have the features of extremely low tackiness of the granules and containing larger number of micropores. By using the detergent granules, a high-bulk density detergent composition having a small particle size can be obtained at high yields.

    摘要翻译: 制备洗涤剂颗粒的方法包括用水溶性固体碱性无机物质干燥中和非皂性阴离子表面活性剂的液体酸前体的步骤。 在该方法中,在每1mol非皂性阴离子表面活性剂的液体酸前体存在下,在0.1〜1.0mol无机酸的存在下进行中和干燥步骤。 上述洗涤剂颗粒具有颗粒粘度极低并含有较多数量的微孔的特征。 通过使用洗涤剂颗粒,可以高产率获得具有小粒径的高堆积密度洗涤剂组合物。

    Method of manufacturing aluminum alloy wheel and wheel rim for automotive use
    95.
    发明申请
    Method of manufacturing aluminum alloy wheel and wheel rim for automotive use 有权
    制造汽车用铝合金车轮和轮辋的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20050091850A1

    公开(公告)日:2005-05-05

    申请号:US10933287

    申请日:2004-09-03

    IPC分类号: B21D53/30

    摘要: A metal mold for electromagnetic forming, with the inner peripheral face thereof, serving as a forming face, is disposed on the outer peripheral side of a columnar workpiece, and a coil for electromagnetic forming is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the columnar workpiece. In a state of a configuration as described, electric energy is thrown into the coil for the electromagnetic forming, and the columnar workpiece is caused to undergo flaring to be thereby pressed against the forming face of the metal mold for the electromagnetic forming, so as to be turned into a shape corresponding to the forming face by means of the electromagnetic forming, thus obtaining a wheel rim. A disc is welded to the wheel rim obtained, and curling is applied to outer edges of the wheel rim. With the adoption of a method of manufacturing an automotive wheel, a manufacturing process as a whole is enhanced in efficiency.

    摘要翻译: 在柱状工件的外周侧配置用作电磁成形用的金属模具,其内周面用作成形面,在该柱状工件的内周侧配置有电磁成形用线圈。 在如上所述的构造的状态下,将电能投入用于电磁成形的线圈中,使柱状工件发生扩口,从而压在用于电磁成形的金属模的成形面上,以便 通过电磁成形变成与成形面对应的形状,从而获得轮缘。 盘被焊接到所获得的轮辋上,并且将卷曲施加到轮辋的外边缘。 通过采用制造汽车轮的方法,整体的制造过程的效率得到提高。

    Control apparatus for a direct-injection, spark-ignition engine
    96.
    发明授权
    Control apparatus for a direct-injection, spark-ignition engine 失效
    直喷式火花点火式发动机的控制装置

    公开(公告)号:US06725649B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-04-27

    申请号:US10235951

    申请日:2002-09-06

    IPC分类号: F01N300

    摘要: A control apparatus for a direct-injection, spark-ignition engine including a temperature-condition detector for detecting a temperature condition of the engine catalyst, and a controller for controlling a fuel-injection operation. The controller controls the fuel injector to perform divided fuel injections of at least a leading fuel injection and a trailing fuel injection during a compression stroke prior to the ignition timing based upon a detection of the temperature condition in an inactivated state of the catalyst, the trailing fuel injection being performed at such a timing that its mixture concentrates adjacent to the spark plug at the ignition timing by way of high cylinder pressure during a late-stage of the compression stroke, the leading fuel injection being performed at such a timing that its mixture distributes around a mixture layer by the trailing fuel injection at the ignition timing, and a midpoint between an initiation of the leading fuel injection and an initiation of the trailing fuel injection being positioned within a period during a latter half of a compression stroke.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于直接喷射火花点火发动机的控制装置,包括用于检测发动机催化剂的温度状况的温度条件检测器和用于控制燃料喷射操作的控制器。 控制器控制燃料喷射器,以在点火正时之前的压缩行程期间基于在催化剂的失活状态下的温度条件的检测,进行至少前导燃料喷射和尾燃料喷射的分配燃料喷射,尾随 在压缩行程的后期阶段,通过高气缸压力在点火正时使其混合物在火花塞附近集中的燃料喷射进行燃料喷射,前进燃油喷射在其混合物 在点火正时通过尾燃料喷射分布在混合物层周围,并且在压缩冲程的后半段期间,在先导燃料喷射的开始和尾燃料喷射的开始位于一段时间内的中点。

    Method for producing single nucleus detergent particles
    98.
    发明授权
    Method for producing single nucleus detergent particles 失效
    单核洗涤剂颗粒的生产方法

    公开(公告)号:US06602846B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-08-05

    申请号:US09762934

    申请日:2001-02-14

    IPC分类号: C11D1100

    CPC分类号: C11D17/065 C11D11/0082

    摘要: The present invention relates to a process for preparing uni-core detergent particles having a degree of particle growth of 1.5 or less and a bulk density of 500 g/L or more, comprising the steps of (A-I) mixing base particles for supporting a surfactant which have an average particle size of from 150 to 500 &mgr;m and a bulk density of 400 g/L or more [Component (a)] with a surfactant composition [Component (c)]; (A-II) mixing a mixture obtained in Step (A-I) with a powdery builder [Component (b)] of which primary average particle size is from 3 to 30 &mgr;m; and (A-III) mixing a mixture obtained in Step (A-II) with a fine powder [Component (d)] of which primary average particle size is smaller than that of Component (b). By using the process of the present invention, the uni-core detergent particles which are excellent in the dissolubility and the flowability properties can be prepared.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种制备颗粒生长度为1.5以下,体积密度为500g / L以上的单核洗涤剂粒子的方法,其特征在于,包括(A1)混合用于担载表面活性剂的基础粒子 具有表面活性剂组合物[组分(c)]的平均粒度为150至500μm,堆积密度为400g / L或更高[组分(a)]]。 (A-II)将步骤(A-I)中获得的混合物与一次平均粒径为3-30μm的粉末助洗剂[组分(b)]混合; 和(A-III)将步骤(A-II)中获得的混合物与一次平均粒径小于组分(b)的细粉末[组分(d)]混合。 通过使用本发明的方法,可以制备溶解性和流动性优异的单核洗涤剂颗粒。

    Enzyme particles
    99.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US06544763B2

    公开(公告)日:2003-04-08

    申请号:US09984895

    申请日:2001-10-31

    IPC分类号: C12N998

    CPC分类号: C11D3/38672 C11D3/40 C12N9/98

    摘要: Enzyme granules are provided in which an enzyme is rapidly eluted, without insoluble remnants, and generation of powdery dust is suppressed, and which granules have a property such that classification phenomenon generated among the granules in a detergent composition is less likely to take place, in a case where the enzyme granules are formulated together with other components in a detergent. The enzyme granule comprise (A) water-insoluble substance and or a slightly water-soluble substance; (B) a water-soluble binder; and (C) an enzyme. A dye may also be present for coloring. The content of (A) component is 45% by weight or more, and the enzyme granules have an average particle size of from 150 to 500 &mgr;m and a bulk density of from 500 to 1,000 g/L, and have a structure such that more amount of (B) component is present near the surface of the enzyme granules than in the inner portion thereof. The enzyme granule may be aggregated to form an enzyme granule aggregate. A process is provided for preparing the enzyme granule by spray-drying a slurry containing (A), (B) and (C). The enzyme granule aggregate may be prepared by adding an aqueous binding solution to the granules and drying, or by adding molten thermoplastic binder to the granules and cooling.